2025 January On 21 January, the operation began with drone strikes on militant infrastructure, and large numbers of IDF troops, including special forces, as well as
Shin Bet agents and
Border Police officers were deployed into Jenin. Palestinian Authority forces withdrew from their positions in Jenin as the IDF entered the city. According to the PA, the Israeli operation caught them by surprise and members of its forces were killed by Israeli fire. The IDF also encircled Al-Amal, a local private hospital. Palestinian Authority forces stormed the Al-Razi hospital and arrested a man said to be a Jenin Brigades militant, marking the first ever time that PA forces have participated in an Israeli raid in the West Bank. On 23 January, hundreds of Palestinians from the Jenin camp began leaving their homes after Israeli forces issued an evacuation order. PA forces arrested the
Al Jazeera journalist Mohammed al-Atrash, who was attempting to cover the Israeli operation in Jenin. On 24 January, Israeli forces blocked four main entrances to Jenin with earth mounds, preventing entry and exit, and set fire to residences in the Jenin refugee camp. In Yabad, west of Jenin, PA forces arrested and beat up a number of militants. Furthermore, joint Israeli–PA raids were reported in Tulkarm,
Ramallah,
Hebron and
Qalqilya. On 27 January, the Iron Wall operation officially expanded to
Tulkarm Governorate. The
Israeli Air Force struck and killed Tulkarm's local
Hamas commander Ihab Atwi and another militant in the Nur Shams refugee camp, and fighting broke out in Tulkarm between militants and Israeli forces on the ground. On 2 February, the IDF conducted a series of massive detonations in Jenin, stating it destroyed 23 buildings being used as "militant infrastructure". Israeli forces also expanded their operation into
Tammun, closing the main road in the town. On 3 February, the governor of Tulkarm Governorate, Abdullah Kamil, reported that half of the population of Tulkarm fled and that hospitals are being sieged, and residences were being attacked by Israeli forces. On 4 February, a Palestinian gunman attacked an Israeli checkpoint in the village of
Tayasir, north of
Tubas, killing two IDF soldiers and wounding another eight. Additionally, PA forces clashed with militants in eastern Jenin. On 9 February, Israeli forces surrounded and attacked the Nur Shams camp. The
Tulkarm Brigade said it successfully ambushed a group of IDF soldiers inside the camp. On 18 February, A Palestinian official said that Israeli forces demolished more than a dozen apartment buildings inside the
Tulkarm refugee camp. On 20 February, three empty Israeli buses
exploded in Bat Yam, south of Tel Aviv; no one was harmed. Israeli police commander Haim Sargarof said the devices used to set off the blasts were similar to those used by West Bank militants. One of the unexploded mechanisms carried a message saying "Revenge from Tulkarm"; the Tulkarm Brigade released a statement that said "Revenge for the
martyrs will not be forgotten as long as the occupier sits on our land", but did not explicitly claim responsibility for the attack. The
Shin Bet said that the attack was directed by
Iran and carried out by Hamas. On 21 February, following the bus bombings, Netanyahu ordered an intensification of the operation in the West Bank, and the IDF said it would deploy three more battalions to the region. On 23 February, the IDF deployed three
Merkava tanks from the
188th Armored Brigade to Jenin, marking the first time since
Operation Defensive Shield that Israeli tanks operated in the West Bank.
March On 4 March, the IDF said they killed Aysar al-Saadi, a Hamas commander in Jenin, in a shootout. On 6 March, the IDF rescued 10
Indian workers who had been forcibly held by Palestinians in the village of al-Zaayem for over a month; the Israeli
Population and Immigration Authority reported that the workers had traveled to Israel for construction jobs but were lured to the village with false promises of employment by Palestinians, who took their passports to attempt illegal entry into Israel. On 7 March, the IDF targeted and damaged six
mosques in Nablus, including the historical landmark
An-Nasr Mosque, which was partially burned. Local officials condemned the attacks. On 8 March, militants targeted an Israeli civilian vehicle traveling near
Nabi Ilyas with
Molotov cocktails. On 10 March, PA forces in Jenin killed the prominent Jenin Brigades militant Abdul Rahman Abu Al-Muna. On 12 March, a militant shot and injured an 18-year-old Israeli near the
Ariel settlement. Hamas claimed responsibility and said that it was a response to Israeli military actions in the West Bank. On 21 March, near the
Dolev settlement, a militant carried out a shooting attack targeting an Israeli bus and a
Magen David Adom ambulance, after which he engaged in an hours-long exchange of fire with the IDF; eventually, he was killed with a helicopter strike. The attacks resulted in several casualties.
April On 2 April, the IDF and the Shin Bet released a joint statement reporting a significant decrease in militant attacks in the West Bank during
Ramadan 2025, compared to Ramadan 2024, and credited the decline to the Iron Wall operation. Additionally, the IDF raided the
Dheisheh refugee camp in
Bethlehem, and distributed leaflets warning residents that they could be displaced like the Palestinians in the northern West Bank. On 9 April, the IDF began a large-scale raid of the Balata camp. On 20 April, a Palestinian gunman opened fire at Israeli soldiers outside the
Homesh outpost and was killed by return fire. No injuries among the Israelis were reported. Hamas applauded the shooting but did not explicitly take responsibility. On 24 April, the IDF, Shin Bet, and the Israeli Border Police conducted a joint raid in the Balata camp to arrest the head of a militant cell and another operative. During the raid, the Israeli forces fired on Palestinian rioters that had confronted them. On 30 April, two IDF reservists were injured by a bomb attack near the town of
Beita southeast of Nablus.
May On 7 May, a gunman opened fire on Israeli forces at the Reihan checkpoint, causing injuries. The same day, in Hebron, another militant attempted a car-ramming attack against IDF troops and then began stabbing soldiers. The combined attacks injured three soldiers in total. On 9 May, IDF troops operating in Nablus killed Nour Abdel Karim al-Bitawi, the commander of the Jenin Brigades. On 13 May, PA forces killed two Palestinians, a man in the
Far'a refugee camp in
Tubas and an elderly man in eastern Jenin. Both victims were similarly shot in the head while in their cars. A young girl was also injured by shrapnel resulting from the shooting. In response, Hamas condemned the killings and accused the PA of "unpatriotic practices." On 14 May, a gunman shot two Israelis, a man and his pregnant wife, near the
Bruchin settlement. They had been en route to a hospital for the woman to give birth; she died from her injuries but the baby was saved via
C-section. Afterwards, the IDF began besieging the Palestinian villages of
Burqin and
Kafr al-Dik as they looked for the shooter, and two Israeli settler attacks against Palestinian properties nearby appear to have been carried out in retaliation. On 21 May, a group of European, Arab, and Asian diplomats on an official mission to access the humanitarian situation in Jenin were fired on by the IDF, sparking international condemnation. The IDF apologized for the incident, stating it had fired warning shots to move the delegation away since it had deviated from the authorized route of the visit. Following the
killing of Israeli embassy workers in Washington, D.C. that same day, Israeli Foreign Minister
Gideon Saar accused
Europe of "antisemitic incitement." In an interview with
CBC News, the Israeli ambassador to
Canada claimed that the diplomats may have been "led astray." On 27 May, Israeli forces raided
money exchange shops in Ramallah, Nablus, Hebron Arrabeh,
Al-Bireh, Bethlehem, Jenin, and Tubas. According to Israel, the shops were being used to funnel money into "terrorist infrastructure".
June On 6 June, the IDF arrested the new unnamed commander of the Jenin Brigades, a PIJ member, during an operation near Jenin. On 10 June, the IDF began a large-scale raid into Nablus, with Palestinian rioters confronting Israeli military vehicles entering the city. Two Palestinians were killed by the IDF after they tried to take a soldier's weapon. Troops took over several buildings for use as temporary bases. On 12 June, a gunman was killed after firing at Israeli troops at a checkpoint near the
Hermesh settlement. On 13 June, following the start of the
Twelve-Day War with Iran, Israel began implementing a strict lockdown on the West Bank that included severe restrictions on Palestinians' movement. On 29 June, the Shin Bet reported it had broken up a Hamas network in Hebron, arresting 60 militants.
July On 10 July, two PA police officers carried out a combined shooting and stabbing attack at the
Gush Etzion settlement bloc, which resulted in one Israeli casualty. Hamas praised the attack, while the
Palestinian Security Services were said to plan an internal investigation. Also on that day, during an IDF raid on the village of Rumana near Jenin, a Palestinian attacker stabbed and wounded a soldier. On 22 July, the PA's
Preventive Security Force reportedly arrested an entire militant cell in Nablus, which possessed a number of explosive devices intended for use against Israeli forces.
August On 4 August, Israeli forces entered
Qabatiya to arrest two wanted Palestinians, both of whom subsequently engaged in firefights with the forces. One of the suspects was killed and the other arrested. On 21 August, a gunman fired at Israeli settlers at the Malachei HaShalom outpost and then reportedly fled into the nearby Palestinian village of
Al-Mughayyir,
Ramallah Governorate. The IDF subsequently launched a days-long raid on the village, uprooting
olive trees, attacking homes, beating residents, and stealing money and jewelry. The IDF stated that uprooting olives trees was a necessary security measure to expose "hidden enemy movements". The attacker was captured during the raid. On 26 August, Israeli forces raided Ramallah, targeting a money exchange shop which the IDF said was transferring funds to Hamas. Local Palestinians threw stones at troops during the operation. According to the Red Crescent, at least 27 people were injured in the raid and Israeli forces were obstructing the evacuation of those who were wounded. On 27 August, An Israeli raid on Nablus injured at least 80 people. On 28 August, Israeli forces raided 17 Palestinian schools in Hebron.
September On 8 September, following
a mass shooting in East Jerusalem, IDF troops began raiding Palestinian villages on the outskirts of Ramallah. Meanwhile,
Qabatiya Brigade militants reportedly attacked invading Israeli forces in Qabatiya with an explosive device. Additionally, the IDF reportedly opened fire on a group of civilians who had attempted to return to the Jenin refugee camp to retrieve belongings; two Palestinian youths were killed. On 11 September, a bomb reportedly placed by PIJ militants detonated on the Palestinian side of the
Nitzanei Oz crossing near Tulkarm, injuring two Israeli soldiers. The IDF subsequently enforced a closure on the city and carried out mass detentions of residents. On 12 September, a Palestinian assailant from
East Jerusalem carried out a stabbing attack in
Tzova, northwest of Jerusalem, wounding two Israelis, and was arrested at the scene. Meanwhile, the
Tubas Brigade said its militants ambushed Israeli forces at the
al-Fara'a camp. On 16 September, PA security forces captured militants who were preparing to launch a rocket from the village of
Niama, Ramallah Governorate. On 18 September, a Jordanian who had been working as an aid delivery driver from
Jordan to the Gaza Strip shot and killed two Israelis, both soldiers, at the
Allenby Crossing. The attacker was shot and killed by Israeli forces, and Jordan said it would open an investigation into the shooting. On 19 September, Israeli forces raided Ramallah and arrested a militant cell that was producing rockets. On 21 September, Israeli forces raided
Birzeit University, arresting campus security personnel, damaging property, and defacing murals. Soldiers distributed leaflets to students and staff that stated the activity of student organizations was equivalent to terrorist activity. On 25 September, an hours-long shootout took place in Tammun between Israeli forces and two Tubas Brigade militants, ending with both being killed. On 26 September, the Tulkarm Brigade said its militants were able to carry out an operation inside Israeli-controlled Nur Shams, damaging an Israeli military bulldozer with a pre-laid explosive. On 28 September, a Palestinian assailant from Nablus carried out a vehicle-ramming attack against IDF soldiers at the
Jit junction near the
Kedumim settlement, which resulted in the death of one soldier via
friendly fire. On 30 September, two Israeli teenagers were wounded in a vehicle-ramming attack at the
Al-Khader junction, carried out by a Palestinian attacker who was shot dead at the scene.
October On 1 October, an overnight Israeli raid in
Beitunia resulted in the seizure and dismantlement of a large cache of rockets. On 2 October, two militants attempted a vehicle-ramming and shooting attack against IDF soldiers at a checkpoint, without success; one was killed and the other was arrested. On 8 October, the Israeli army and the Shin Bet announced they had intercepted a weapons shipment allegedly sent by Iran to West Bank Palestinian militias. On 10 October, Israeli forces launched raids in the Ramallah and Nablus areas, abducting several Palestinians. On 31 October, clashes between the IDF and Palestinians in
Silwad, near Ramallah, resulted in the death of a teenager by Israeli gunfire.
November On 4 November, Israeli forces raided Qalqilya,
Beit Furik, Hebron, Tulkarm, Nablus, Bethlehem,
Dura,
Kafr Aqab, Silwad, Al-Bireh, Tubas, Qabatiya,
Deir Jarir, and
Kafr Laqif. On 10 November, a militant shot at Israeli police officers near the
Beit Hagai settlement; the exchange of fire resulted in his death. On 18 November, two Palestinian attackers carried out a vehicle-ramming and stabbing attack at the
Gush Etzion Junction. One Israeli was killed and three others were wounded. On 21 November, Israeli forces raided Kafr Aqab, Umm al-Sharayet,
Arraba,
Beit Ummar, and
Saida. On 24 November, Israeli forces killed a suspected militant in Nablus during a siege of his house. On 25 November, Palestinians in the Marka village clashed with Israeli forces. While some sources described the operation as an extension of Iron Wall, the IDF said it was not and referred to it as a new and distinct operation. On 27 November, two Palestinian men, reportedly militants of the Jenin Brigades, were summarily executed by Israeli police officers from the
Yamas special forces unit seconds after they had surrendered. Israeli national security minister
Itamar Ben-Gvir defended the police officers, stating "the fighters acted exactly as expected of them – terrorists must die". Meanwhile, the UN human rights office condemned the executions.
December On 1 December, a Palestinian attacker carried out a vehicle-ramming attack near the
Kiryat Arba settlement, which left an IDF soldier lightly injured. In response, the IDF reportedly raided all clinics and hospitals in the Hebron area. Also, Israeli forces raided al-Bireh, with confrontations erupting and five residents suffering injuries. On 2 December, two IDF soldiers were lightly wounded following a stabbing attack carried out near the
Ateret settlement. On 9 December, Israeli forces reportedly raided Birzeit University and
Al-Quds University, arresting five campus security guards. On 10 December, Israeli forces carried out mass arrests of more than 100 Palestinians throughout the West Bank. On 13 December, the IDF said a Palestinian hurled an explosive device at troops operating in
Silat al-Harithiya. On 14 December, IDF troops shot and killed a Palestinian who attempted to stab them at a junction near Hebron. On the same day, Israeli forces shot and wounded a child during a raid on
Jalazone, amid clashes with residents. On 17 December, Israeli forces raided Jenin, arresting multiple suspected militants and seizing weapons. On 26 December, a Palestinian attacker from Qabatiya carried out two separate attacks in northern Israel that resulted in the deaths of two Israelis. On 31 December, Israel began carrying out mass demolitions in Nur Shams.
2026 January On 1 January, Israeli forces opened fire on Palestinians who were throwing stones at them near
Luban al-Sharqiya; one Palestinian was killed. On 6 January, Israeli forces raided Birzeit University, clashed with students, and seized property from a Hamas-affiliated student group. On 7 January, IDF troops operating near Beita were targeted by a Palestinian attacker throwing Molotov cocktails, but no injuries were reported. On 16 January, Israeli forces stormed al-Mughayyir and shot and killed a local teenager, following a settler incursion earlier in the day. On 19 January, Israeli forces launched a large-scale raid into the Hebron neighborhood of Jabal Johar, set to last several days. Tracked armored vehicles were used by the IDF in Hebron for the first time since the Second Intifada.
February On 4 February, the Israeli army stormed a school in the Tubas Governorate. On 15 February, PA security forces opened fire on the car of a militant outside Tammun, killing his two children and arresting him. On 16 February, IDF
Duvdevan commandos reportedly captured a Palestinian arms dealer in Ramallah. On 28 February, the Israeli army announced a general lockdown on the West Bank following the start of the
2026 Iran war.
March On 10 March, Israeli forces raided the Balata camp. On 12 March, the IDF said two Palestinian gunmen opened fire at an army post, and then attempted a car-ramming before being shot dead near
Tapuah Junction. On 14 March, Israeli soldiers, saying they were pursuing accused militants,
opened fire on a Palestinian family inside a car in Tammun; the soldiers killed four people, including two children. A surviving child was pulled out of the car and beaten by the soldiers.
April On 13 April, Israeli authorities allowed 120 women displaced from Jenin Camp to briefly return to retrieve belongings. == Humanitarian impact and human rights violations ==