In 2017, Lindsay and Boghossian published a
hoax paper titled "The Conceptual Penis as a Social Construct". After the paper was rejected by
Norma, they later submitted it to
Cogent Social Sciences where it was accepted for publication. Beginning in August 2017, Lindsay, Boghossian, and Pluckrose wrote 20 additional 'woke' hoax papers, which they submitted to peer-reviewed journals using several pseudonyms as well as the name of Richard Baldwin, a friend of Boghossian and professor emeritus of history at Florida's
Gulf Coast State College. The project ended early after one of the papers, published in the feminist geography journal
Gender, Place & Culture, was questioned by investigative journalist Toni Airaksinen of
Campus Reform who suspected the article was not real due to its lack of adherence to academic journal publishing standards. This resulted in widespread interest in the incident, which was written about by several journalists. The trio subsequently revealed the full scope of their work in a
YouTube video created and released by documentary filmmaker
Mike Nayna, which was accompanied by an investigation by
The Wall Street Journal. By the time of this revelation, seven of their twenty papers had been accepted, seven were still under review, and six had been rejected. One paper, accepted by feminist social work journal
Affilia, contained passages copied from
Adolf Hitler's
Mein Kampf with feminist language added, though sociologist has contended that the paper only contained similarities in structure, and did not contain material "historically specific in Hitler's text (racism, references to the
First World War, and so on)". Academic reviewers had praised the hoax studies of Lindsay, Boghossian, and Pluckrose as "a rich and exciting contribution to the study of ... the intersection between masculinity and anality", "excellent and very timely", and "important dialogue for social workers and feminist scholars". ==Views==