China The
jinshi degree was first created after the institutionalization of the civil service exam. Initially it had been "for six categories" but was later consolidated into a single degree. The examination system first appeared during the
Han dynasty, but the
jinshi degree first appeared under the reign of
Emperor Yang of Sui. During the
Tang dynasty, every year around one to two percent of test takers would obtain a
jinshi title out of a total of one to two thousand test takers. By the second half of the Tang dynasty, the majority of senior government officials were
jinshi degree holders. The numbers of
jinshi degrees given out were increased in the
Song dynasty, and the examinations were given every three years. Most senior officials of the Song dynasty were
jinshi holders. The
Ming dynasty resumed the civil-service exam after its occurrence became more irregular in the
Yuan dynasty. After the reign of the
Emperor Yingzong of Ming, it became the rule that only jinshi holders could enter the
Hanlin Academy. On average around 89
jinshi per year were conferred. During the
Qing dynasty around 102
jinshi degrees were given a year.
Korea Durning the
Goryeo Dynasty, anyone who passed civil service examination were called . Durning the
Joseon dynasty, among the Confucian students who passed the (), those who passed were called . The were eligible for appointment only to lower-ranking posts (such as () and (), and for admission to the
Sŏnggyun'gwan. Unlike in China, where the was the highest and final degree of the imperial examinations, the Joseon was a lower-level title. ==Subtypes of
jinshi recipients==