•
Cimmerian invasion of Phrygia 679 BC •
Siomón Brecc's reign ends and is succeeded by Dui Finn, according to the chronology of
Geoffrey Keating's
Foras Feasa ar Éirinn. • The
Assyrian king
Esarhaddon (), the son of
Sennacherib, defeated the
Cimmerians and killed their king
Teušpa at Ḫubišna. Esarhaddon appears to have reached Ḫubišna by passing through the
Göksu River valley and bypassing the Anti-Taurus Mountains and Tabal proper. •
Duke Huan of Qi was officially rewarded
hegemony by the Zhou king
Xi in 679 BCE. • Esarhaddon, is mentioned in some texts as having taken a city called Arsa near the River of Egypt, and its king Asuhili was taken back to the Assyrian capital
Ninveh. • A large structure with a mudbrick
self-supporting arch roof was discovered and dated to between this year and
630 BCE in
Tell Jemmeh. •
Bartatua succeeds
Išpakaia as king of
Iškuza. • Esarhaddon campaigned in the Tabalian region against the Cimmerians from his base in Que and Ḫilakku, resulting in the defeat and killing of the Cimmerian king
Teušpâ in Ḫubišna, who was succeeded by
Dugdammî, and the annexation of a part of the territory of Ḫilakku and of the sub-kingdom of Kundu and Sissu in Que, whose king Sanduarri fled into the mountains, and of a part of the territory of Ḫilakku. • Esarhaddon campaigned in
Khor, destroyed
Sidon, and forced
Tyre into tribute from 677 to 676 BC. • The
Cimmerians attacked
Lydia for the third time, led by their king
Lygdamis. The
Lydians were defeated, Sardis was sacked, and
Gyges was killed, following which he was succeeded by his son, Ardys, who was the father of
Sadyattes. • The
Cimmerians migrate to the east and west of
Mannaea. • The Assyrians used Cimmerians in their army as
mercenaries; a legal document of 679 B.C. refers to an Assyrian ‘commander of the Cimmerian regiment’; but in other Assyrian documents they are called ‘the seed of runaways who know neither vows to the gods nor oaths’ • The Cimmerians invade the westernmost provinces of the Assyrian Empire. • Palaka of the
Pradyota dynasty begins and ends reign according to Aryabhata.
678 BC •
Phraortes becomes king of the Medes (according to the chronology proposed by
Igor Diakonoff) •
Chu soldiers invade
Zheng (according to the
Zuo Zhuan) •
King Wen of Chu conquers the
state of Deng. •
King Xi of Zhou used his royal clout to give legitimacy to
Wu of Quwo as the rightful duke of
Jin • The state of
Jin became the first to maintain a standing army • Jin–Quwo wars end (
739–678 BCE), dynastic struggles between two branches of Jin's ruling house •
Kaštaritu is mentioned as "King of the Medes" in an inscription • According to
Herodotus,
Ecbatana was chosen as the
Medes' capital by
Deioces, the first ruler of the Medes. •
Deioces united the Median tribes of Media and made the first
Iranian Empire. •
Chu had conquered most of the
Nanyang Basin •
Nekauba becomes
pharaoh of the
twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt November • Two
solar eclipses occur on the
1st and the
30th over the
Penzhina Bay and the
South Pacific Ocean respectively.
677 BC •
Esarhaddon leads the
Assyrian army against rebellious
Arab tribes and advances as far as the
Brook of Egypt. • From this year to
676 BC, Esarhaddon, forced
Tyre into tribute after campaigning in
Khor and destroying
Sidon in
679 BC. • Esarhaddon recaptures the rebellious city of Sidon in Syria. The king of Sidon,
Abdi-Milkutti, escapes by boat but is captured and executed a year later.
China •
Zhou Hui Wang becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty of
China.
Middle East • The Cimmerians penetrate deep into Assyrian territory but are defeated by Esarhaddon and his army. • King
Deioces dies after a 53-year reign that has established the kingdom of the
Medes and its capital at
Ecbatana (later
Hamedan) in what will be northwest
Persia. He is succeeded by his son
Phraortes, who forms an anti-
Assyrian alliance with the
Cimmerians to subjugate the
Persians and other Asian peoples. • King
Esarhaddon begins to rebuild
Babylon (approximate date). • Esarhaddon names his eldest son Sin-nadin-apli crown prince.
673 BC •
Tullus Hostilius becomes the third king of
Rome. • Esarhaddon unsuccessfully invades Egypt, one of the worst defeats of the Assyrian Empire.
672 BC • (
estimated date) Tullus Hostilius becomes the legendary third
king of Rome. • Sin-nadin-apli dies; Esarhaddon replaces him as heir with the younger son
Ashurbanipal and designates his eldest son
Shamash-shum-ukin as the heir to Babylon. • Esarhaddon invades and
conquers Egypt, bringing the Assyrian Empire to its greatest extent. • The usurper
Sasî unsuccessfully attempts to wrestle the throne from Esarhaddon.
670 BC • King
Gyges of Lydia's name is written on the first
Greek coins. •
Miletus begins establishing colonies in the
Black Sea and
Mediterranean Sea. ==Significant people==