Klemm Kl 35

The Kl 35 was designed in 1934 under the auspices of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM). Dipl. Ing. Friedrich Fecher had overall responsibility for the construction. The so-called Gemischtbauweise construction was used: steel for fuselage, wood for wings and tail units and only small quantities of light alloy for linings were used. This became a preferred building method with the RLM around this time, because from considerations of strategic material availability. Production Klemm suffered a setback in 1935 when the prototype Kl 35 crashed during testing at Rechlin. The results of further trial must have been satisfactory, because in July 1936, 23 aircraft were ordered for delivery between July and September 1937, with production planned to increase to 3 per month. Klemm was at the time manufacturing the Fw 44 under licence from Focke-Wulf. By this time the RLM was already looking for a sub-contractor to build the Kl 35A under licence, choosing Fieseler which was already undertaking licence production of the He 72 and Fw 58 alongside Storchs at its Kasseler plant. Further orders, to a total of 1,386, followed and new variants came on line, beginning with the Kl 35B with a new engine. Manufacture at Fieseler ceased in November 1939, after 365 aircraft, when the RLM transferred licence production to Zlin in occupied Czechoslovakia. Production ended in May 1943 with total production for the Luftwaffe having reached 1,302. The balance of production was for private and export customers, though since these would have to number nearly 700 to reach the oft-quoted total of around 2,000 this may be exaggerated. == Operational history ==

During the late 1930s and throughout World War II, the Kl 35 was widely employed in the Luftwaffe. Its main role was training student pilots—particularly in aerobatics, navigation, and transition to faster military aircraft. Unlike frontline fighters, the Kl 35 was not designed for combat, but its use was essential for preparing thousands of Luftwaffe pilots. Variants like the Kl 35B and Kl 35D featured refinements in engine type and equipment. Around 2,000 units were built during its production run (1935–1943). ==Variants==

;Kl 35a: The first prototype, powered by a 60-kW (80-hp) Hirth HM60R piston engine. ;Kl 35b: Second prototype. ;Kl 35A: Initial production version, powered by a 60-kW (80-hp) Hirth HM60R piston engine ;Kl 35B: Version, powered by an 80-kW (105-hp) Hirth HM 504 A2 piston engine. Covered single-strut landing gear ;Kl 35BW:Floatplane version. ;KL 35C: Version with wooden fuselage soon renamed as Kl 106, intended for production under licence in the United States, just one built ;Kl 35D: Improved version with triangle landing gear. ;Kl 35E: Version powered by an improved 80-kW (105-hp) Hirth HM 500 engine ;Sk 15: Swedish military designation for the Kl 35D. ==Operators==

; • Czechoslovak Air Force (Postwar) ; • Luftwaffe ; • Royal Hungarian Air Force ; • Lithuanian Riflemen's Union's Aviation ; • Slovak Insurgent Air Force • Slovak Air Force (1939–1945) ; • Royal Romanian Air Force ; • Spanish Air Force ; • Swedish Air Force ==Surviving aircraft==

No Luftwaffe machine is known to survive, but a number of ex-Flygvapnet machines have been preserved. • Klemm Kl 35B, Fv5081, Werk-Nr. 1596, 5-116, Swedish Airforce museum, Linköping S • Klemm Kl 35D D-EFTY, Werk-Nr. 1642, the only German survivor, Fliegendes Museum , Großenhain D • Klemm Kl 35D, SE-AKN, Werk-Nr. 1783, closed cabin, Edeby S • Klemm Kl 35D, Fv5010, Werk-Nr. 1806, Malmö Museer, Malmö S • Klemm Kl 35D, D-EFUB, Werk-Nr. 1810, Winzeln-Schramberg D • Klemm Kl 35D D-EMHN, Werk-Nr. 1842, Bad Wörrishofen D • Klemm Kl 35D F-AZTK, Werk-Nr. 1854, ex D-EHKO F • Klemm Kl 35D, Fv5010, Werk-Nr. 1899, 5-155, Svedinos Museum, Halmstad S • Klemm Kl 35D, D-EDOD, Werk-Nr. 1917, ex D-ELLY, flown by Liesel Bach, Deutsches Technikmuseum Berlin D • Klemm Kl 35D, D-EQXD, Werk-Nr. 1979, ex G-KLEM was owned and operated by Peter Holloway at Old Warden, Bedfordshire, UK. Sold to Germany, Paderborn • Klemm Kl 35D D-EBUX, Werk-Nr. 1981, 5-182, Fv 5052, ex SE-BHT major overhaul since 2011, Eutingen D, 1st flight after overhaul 2019-08-01 • Klemm Kl 35D SE-BGA, Werk-Nr. 1983, 5-184, flew again after nearly 50 years on 19 December 2009. It is based at Siegerland-Airport EDGS, . ==Specifications (Klemm Kl 35D)==