Khizr Khan was the governor of Punjab under the Lodi dynasty took over the reins at Delhi, in 1414
CE, after defeating Daulat Khan Lodi. He established the Sayyid dynasty, which had four successors till 1451 CE. His son Muizud Din Mubarak Shah succeeded him. He established a city called Mubarakabad on the banks of the
Yamuna River, but no trace of it exists now. He died in 1434 CE and he was buried in Kotla Mubarakpur, named after him. His tomb was built in a fusion of Lodi style octagonal plan combined with
Tughlaq style buttresses and wide dome. Khizr Khan, who founded the Sayyid dynasty, traced his ancestry to Mohammed based on a casual recognition of this claim by the famous saint Sayyid Jalal-ud-din of
Bukhara. He was the viceroy of
Shah Rukh, the fourth son of
Timur lane. He was content with the title of Raydt-i-A'la, or 'the Exalted Standards' conferred on him. He was not only successful in uniting Punjab with Delhi and but was also able to tame the governors of several fiefdoms such as
Mewat,
Gwalior,
Etawah and many more under his reign. During one of his campaigns, he fell seriously sick and returned to Delhi and before he died on 20 May 1421, authorized the reins of power to his son Mubarak Khan. Mubarak Khan had no pretensions to assuming the title of Shah and declaring complete independence of his territory. He effectively and ruthlessly quelled the rebellious fiefdoms. He assumed the name of Muizz-ud-Din Mubarak Shah and minted coins in his name. He had adopted the practice of invading his fiefdoms to collect revenue for his coffers with effective coercion tactics. But his war campaigns had several set backs too. In the meanwhile there was a coterie of people surrounding him who were conspiring against him. In November 1442, he established his new city called the Mubarakabad on the banks of the Yamuna River. After this, while returning from one of his successful war campaigns from
Bhatinda in
Punjab, he visited Mubarakabad, his new capital. On 14 February 1443 one of his disgruntled former Minister Sarvar-ul-Mulk, in association with other
Hindu courtiers cleverly plotted to kill him. They were successful in brutally assassinating Mubarak Shah while he was preparing for his prayers. Since Mubarak did not have a son, Muhammad Shah, the son of his brother Farid was enthroned. A detailed account of Mubarak Shah's reign is available in the Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi written by
Yahya-bin-Ahmad Sirhindi. After the death of Mubarak Khan Shah, his nephew Muhammad Khan ascended the throne and styled himself as Sultan Muhammad Shah. Just before his death, Muhammad Shah called his son Ala-ud-Din from
Badaun and nominated him as his successor. But both these rulers proved ineffective in providing a viable rule and in fact the last ruler of this dynasty, Ala-ud-Din Alam Shah voluntarily abdicated the throne of the Delhi sultanate in favour of
Bahlul Khan Lodhi on 19 April 1451 who was then ruler of Punjab and left for Badaun. He continued to live there till his death in 1478 CE. Bahlul Khan Lodhi then went on to establish the last dynasty of the Delhi sultanate. The rulers of the Sayyid dynasty subsisted their rule by collecting revenue by coercion. They could barely counter the pressure from the Sharqī sultans to the east and the Khokars to the northwest. (The following sentence does not make sense.) Later baisla clan of gurjars coming from haryana palwal baislat and resettled Kotla Mubarakpur. --> == History ==