Birth and background Maddalena Laura Lombardini was born on 9 December 1745 in
Venice, Italy. Her parents, Signor Piero Lombardini and his wife, Signora Gasparina (née Gambirasi), were poor, though they came from noble origins. At a young age, Maddalena showed musical talent and later began her studies at
San Lazzaro dei Mendicanti. Whilst attending San Lazzaro dei Mendicanti, Maddalena received violin lessons from
Giuseppe Tartini, visiting him in
Padua, Italy. By the age of fourteen, she was teaching violin. In 1785, in Paris, Maddalena delivered her last performance as a violinist. After she ended her solo career, Maddalena returned to Italy, where she died on 18 May 1818 at the age of 72. == Notes ==