MarketMammillaria
Company Profile

Mammillaria

Mammillaria is one of the largest genera in the cactus family (Cactaceae), with currently about 170 to 190 accepted species and around 99 subspecies. Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, while some come from the Southwestern United States, the Caribbean, Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras and Venezuela. The common name "pincushion cactus" refers to this genus and the closely related Escobaria.

Description
The distinctive feature of the genus is the possession of an areole split into two clearly separated parts, one occurring at the apex of the tubercle, the other at its base. The apex part is spine-bearing, and the base part is always spineless, but usually bears some bristles or wool. The base part of the areole bears the flowers and fruits, and is a branching point. The apex part of the areole does not carry flowers, but in certain conditions can function as a branching point as well. The plants are usually small, globose to elongated, the stems from in diameter and from tall, clearly tuberculate, solitary to clumping forming mounds of up to 100 heads and with radial symmetry. Tubercles can be conical, cylindrical, pyramidal or round. The roots are fibrous, fleshy or tuberous. The flowers are funnel-shaped and range from and more in length and in diameter, from white and greenish to yellow, pink and red in colour, often with a darker mid-stripe; the reddish hues are due to betalain pigments as usual for Caryophyllales. The fruit is berry-like, club-shaped or elongated, usually red but sometimes white, magenta, yellow or green. Some species have the fruit embedded into the plant body (cryptocarpic). The seeds are black or brown, ranging from in size. Many species exude a milky latex when injured. Mammillaria-flowers.jpg|alt=A color picture of a cactus with pink flower Mammillaria spinosissma cv. un pico 20.JPG|Detail of cactus with fruit Life cycle of Fish hook Cactus.jpg|Fish hook cactus (Mammillaria beneckei var. balsasoides) ==Taxonomy==
Taxonomy
The genus Mammillaria in the family Cactaceae was proposed by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1812. and conserved Mammillaria. Mammillaria is a large and diverse genus with many species often exhibiting variations due to the nature of terrain, weather, soil and other ecological factors. As a result, subdivisions within the species has been rather inconsistent over time. Initially, some investigators were more inclined to consider each variation as a unique species, creating confusion and long synonymy-lists for some of the species. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: • Mammillaria albicoma Boed. • Mammillaria albiflora (Werderm.) Backeb. • Mammillaria albilanata Backeb. • Mammillaria anniana Glass & R.A.Foster • Mammillaria arreolae P.Carrillo & Ortiz-Brunel • Mammillaria aureilanata Backeb. • Mammillaria backebergiana Franc.G.Buchenau • Mammillaria baumii Boed. • Mammillaria beiselii Diers • Mammillaria beneckei C.Ehrenb. • Mammillaria bertholdii Linzen • Mammillaria bocasana Poselg. • Mammillaria bocensis R.T.Craig • Mammillaria boelderliana Wohlschl. • Mammillaria bombycina Quehl – silken pincushion • Mammillaria brandegeei (J.M.Coult.) Engelm. ex K.Brandegee • Mammillaria candida Scheidw. • Mammillaria carmeniae Castañeda • Mammillaria carnea Zucc. ex Pfeiff. • Mammillaria carretii Rebut ex K.Schum. • Mammillaria chionocephala J.A.Purpus • Mammillaria coahuilensis (Boed.) Moran • Mammillaria columbiana Salm-Dyck • Mammillaria compressa DC. – mother of hundreds • Mammillaria crinita DC. – rose pincushion cactus • Mammillaria crucigera Mart. • Mammillaria decipiens Scheidw. • Mammillaria deherdtiana Farwig • Mammillaria densispina (J.M.Coult.) Orcutt • Mammillaria discolor Haw. • Mammillaria dixanthocentron Backeb. ex Mottram • Mammillaria duoformis R.T.Craig & E.Y.Dawson • Mammillaria duwei Rogoz. & P.J.Braun • Mammillaria ekmanii Werderm. • Mammillaria elongata DC. – ladyfinger cactus • Mammillaria eriacantha Link & Otto ex Pfeiff. • Mammillaria erythrosperma Boed. • Mammillaria evermanniana (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria fittkaui Glass & R.A.Foster • Mammillaria flavicentra Backeb. ex Mottram • Mammillaria formosa Galeotti ex Scheidw. • Mammillaria × gajii Chvastek & Halda • Mammillaria gasseriana Boed. • Mammillaria geminispina Haw. – twin-spined cactus • Mammillaria gigantea Hildm. ex K.Schum. • Mammillaria glassii R.A.Foster • Mammillaria glochidiata Mart. • Mammillaria grusonii Runge • Mammillaria guerreronis (Bravo) Boed. • Mammillaria haageana Pfeiff. • Mammillaria hahniana Werderm. – old lady cactus • Mammillaria hernandezii Glass & R.A.Foster • Mammillaria herrerae Werderm. • Mammillaria heyderi Muehlenpf. • Mammillaria huitzilopochtli D.R.Hunt • Mammillaria humboldtii C.Ehrenb. • Mammillaria johnstonii (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria karwinskiana Mart. – royal cross mammillaria • Mammillaria klissingiana Boed. • Mammillaria knippeliana Quehl • Mammillaria kraehenbuehlii (Krainz) Krainz • Mammillaria lasiacantha Engelm. – golf-ball pincushion cactus • Mammillaria laui D.R.Hunt • Mammillaria lenta K.Brandegee • Mammillaria limonensis Repp. • Mammillaria linaresensis R.Wolf & F.Wolf • Mammillaria longiflora (Britton & Rose) A.Berger • Mammillaria longimamma DC. – finger cactus • Mammillaria luethyi G.S.Hinton • Mammillaria magnifica Franc.G.Buchenau • Mammillaria magnimamma Haw. – Mexican pincushion • Mammillaria mammillaris (L.) H.Karst. • Mammillaria manana W.A.Fitz Maur. & B.Fitz Maur. • Mammillaria marksiana Krainz – cabeza de viejo • Mammillaria mathildae Kraehenb. & Krainz • Mammillaria matudae Bravo • Mammillaria meiacantha Engelm. • Mammillaria melaleuca Karw. ex Salm-Dyck • Mammillaria melanocentra Poselg. • Mammillaria mercadensis Patoni • Mammillaria meyranii Bravo • Mammillaria microhelia Werderm. • Mammillaria moelleriana Boed. • Mammillaria monochrysacantha Gonz.-Zam., D.Aquino & Dan.Sánchez • Mammillaria morentiniana Gonz.-Zam., D.Aquino, J.Mohl & Dan.Sánchez • Mammillaria muehlenpfordtii C.F.Först. • Mammillaria multihamata Boed. • Mammillaria mystax Mart. • Mammillaria nana Backeb. • Mammillaria napina J.A.Purpus • Mammillaria nivosa Link ex Pfeiff. – woolly nipple cactus • Mammillaria nunezii (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria occulta Zamudio & U.Guzmán • Mammillaria orcuttii Boed. • Mammillaria oteroi Glass & R.A.Foster • Mammillaria painteri Rose • Mammillaria parkinsonii C.Ehrenb. – owl's eyes • Mammillaria pectinifera F.A.C.Weber – conchilinque • Mammillaria peninsularis (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria pennispinosa Krainz • Mammillaria perbella Hildm. ex K.Schum. • Mammillaria perezdelarosae Bravo & Scheinvar • Mammillaria petrophila K.Brandegee • Mammillaria petterssonii Hildm. • Mammillaria picta Meinsh. • Mammillaria pilispina J.A.Purpus • Mammillaria plumosa F.A.C.Weber – feather cactus • Mammillaria polyedra Mart. • Mammillaria polythele Mart. • Mammillaria pottsii Scheer ex Salm-Dyck – rattail cactus • Mammillaria pringlei (J.M.Coult.) K.Brandegee • Mammillaria prolifera (Mill.) Haw. – Texas nipple cactus • Mammillaria rekoi (Britton & Rose) Vaupel • Mammillaria rhodantha Link & Otto – rainbow pincushion • Mammillaria roseoalba Boed. • Mammillaria rzedowskiana Zamudio & U.Guzmán • Mammillaria sanchez-mejoradae Rodr.González • Mammillaria sartorii J.A.Purpus • Mammillaria scheinvariana R.Ortega V. & Glass • Mammillaria schiedeana C.Ehrenb. • Mammillaria schwarzii Shurly • Mammillaria scrippsiana (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria sempervivi DC. • Mammillaria senilis Lodd. ex Salm-Dyck • Mammillaria sinistrohamata Boed. • Mammillaria solisioides Backeb. • Mammillaria sonorensis R.T.Craig • Mammillaria sphacelata Mart. • Mammillaria sphaerica A.Dietr. • Mammillaria spinosissima Lem. • Mammillaria standleyi (Britton & Rose) Orcutt • Mammillaria supertexta Mart. ex Pfeiff. • Mammillaria surculosa Boed. • Mammillaria tayloriorum Glass & R.A.Foster • Mammillaria tepexicensis J.Meyrán • Mammillaria tonalensis D.R.Hunt • Mammillaria uncinata Zucc. ex Pfeiff. • Mammillaria varieaculeata Franc.G.Buchenau • Mammillaria vetula Mart. • Mammillaria voburnensis Scheer • Mammillaria wagneriana Boed. • Mammillaria weingartiana Boed. • Mammillaria wiesingeri Boed. • Mammillaria winterae Boed. • Mammillaria xaltianguensis Sánchez-Mej. • Mammillaria zeilmanniana Boed. • Mammillaria zephyranthoides Scheidw. • Mammillaria zublerae Repp. Some former speciesMammillaria angelensis = Cochemiea angelensisMammillaria barbata = Cochemiea barbataMammillaria boolii = Cochemiea booliiMammillaria dioica = Cochemiea dioicaMammillaria elegans = Mammillaria geminispinaMammillaria fraileana = Cochemiea fraileanaMammillaria goodridgei = Cochemiea goodridgeiMammillaria grahamii = Cochemiea grahamiiMammillaria guelzowiana = Cochemiea guelzowianaMammillaria mainiae = Cochemiea mainiaeMammillaria marcosii = Mammillaria multihamataMammillaria microthele = Mammillaria formosa subsp. microtheleMammillaria morganiana = Mammillaria parkinsoniiMammillaria multidigitata = Cochemiea multidigitataMammillaria pondii = Cochemiea pondiiMammillaria sheldonii = Cochemiea grahamiiMammillaria tetrancistra = Cochemiea tetrancistraMammillaria thornberi = Cochemiea thornberiMammillaria wrightii = Cochemiea wrightii File:Pincushion_Cactus_Cluster_Sahuarita_Arizona_2013.jpg|Mammillaria cluster in Arizona. File:Mammillaria bombycina11.JPG|Mammillaria bombycina File:Mammillaria elongata 7.JPG|Mammillaria elongata File:Mammillaria meicantha Engelm.PNG|Mammillaria meiacantha, photographed at Bedugul Botanical Garden, Bali, Indonesia File:Mammillaria microhelia 11.JPG|Mammillaria microhelia File:Mammillaria plumosa 3.JPG|Mammillaria plumosa File:Mammillaria prolifera20100407 076.jpg|Mammillaria prolifera File:Mammillaria (aka).jpg|Mammillaria spinosissima 'Un Pico' File:Succu Mammillaria swinglei 01.jpg|Mammillaria sheldonii File:Mammillaria_tetrancistra.JPG|Mammillaria tetrancistra File:Mammillaria vetula sub. gracils.JPG|Mammillaria vetula File:Mammillaria pectinifera 5.JPG|Mammillaria pectinifera == Distribution and habitat ==
Distribution and habitat
Mammillarias are predominantly found in Mexico but also have a wide range of distribution in neighboring regions north of the equator including the southwest United States, the Caribbean, Guatemala and Honduras. The southernmost limits of its range appear to be Colombia and Venezuela, where only two known species are found. Within this wide distribution, some species will exhibit large variations depending on the locality, sometimes even within just a few hundred feet. Some of these variations are so extreme that they have resulted in classifications of new species, many of which are so limited to one locality that they are considered critically endangered. ==Cultivation==
Cultivation
Mammillarias have extremely variable spination from species to species, and attractive flowers, making them attractive for cactus hobbyists. Most mammillarias are considered easy to cultivate, though some species are among the hardest cacti to grow. Several taxa are threatened with extinction at least in the wild, due to habitat destruction and especially overcollecting for the pot plant trade. Cactus fanciers can assist conservation of these rare plants by choosing nursery-bred specimens (wild-collected ones are illegal to possess for the rarest species). Several mammillarias are relatively easy (for cacti) to grow from seeds. One such species, popular and widely available from nursery stock but endangered in the wild, is Mammillaria zeilmanniana. ==Uses==
Uses
Water can be extracted from the cacti. The fruit from several species is edible, sometimes described as delicious, and is best harvested when fully extruded from the axil and separates easily from the plant. ==Conservation==
Conservation
Many Mammillaria species have been assessed for the IUCN Red List. Conservation statuses vary widely: some species are listed as Least Concern (e.g., Mammillaria mammillaris, Mammillaria scrippsiana), while others are classified as Vulnerable (e.g., Mammillaria carretii) or Near Threatened (e.g., Mammillaria hahniana). A number of species are listed as Critically Endangered, including Mammillaria zeilmanniana and Mammillaria laui. The entire genus is listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), meaning that international trade is regulated to prevent unsustainable harvesting. ==References==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com