The northern and eastern portions of Mewar are made up of an elevated plateau while the western and southern portions were rocky and hilly with dense forests. The watershed divide between drainage of the
Bay of Bengal and drainage of the
Gulf of Khambhat runs almost through the centre of Mewar. The northern and eastern part of Mewar is a gently sloping plain, drained by the Bedach and
Banas River and its tributaries, which empty northwest into the
Chambal River, a tributary of the
Yamuna River. The southern and western part of the region is hilly, and marks the divide between the Banas and its tributaries and the headwaters of the
Sabarmati and
Mahi rivers and their tributaries, which drain south into the
Gulf of Khambhat through
Gujarat state. The
Aravalli Range, which forms the northwestern boundary of the region, is composed mostly of sedimentary rocks, like
marble and
Kota Stone, which has traditionally been an important construction material. The region is part of the
Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests'
ecoregion. Protected areas include the
Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary, the
Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, the
Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary, the
Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary and the
Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary. Mewar has a
tropical climate. Rainfall averages 660 mm/year, and is generally higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast of the region. Over 90% of the rain typically falls in the period of June to September every year, during the
southwest monsoon. According to the 2011 Census of India this region has a population of 9,045,726 people. ==Settlements==