The relieve of the municipality is varied. In its center lies the
Karlovo Valley spanning an area of 280 km2 with a length of 37 km in direction west–east and a width ranging from 2–3 km in the west and 15 km in the east. In its southernmost part is the municipality’s lowest altitude at 264 m. North of the valley rises the highest part of the
Balkan Mountains, formed from three divisions of the range — Zlatitsa–Teteven Mountain with highest summit
Vezhen (2,198 m), Troyan Mountain with highest peak
Levski (2,166 m), and Kalofer Mountain with the summit of
Botev (2,376 m), the highest point of the whole mountain range and the municipality. The main crest of the Balkan Mountains forms the boundary with the neighbouring
Lovech Province to the north. South of the Karlovo Valley are the northern slopes the
Sredna Gora mountain range, whose highest summit
Golyam Bogdan (1,604 m) lies on the border with Koprivshtitsa Municipality of
Sofia Province. Karlovo Municipality falls within the
transitional continental climatic zone at lower elevations and the Alpine zone in the high mountains. The average annual temperature is 11.4 °C. About 90% of its territory is drained by the upper course of the river
Stryama, a major left tributary of the
Maritsa in the
Aegean Sea drainage. The Stryama receives its two most important tributaries, the
Byala reka and the Stara reka within the municipal area. The remaining 10% of the municipality to the northeast is drained by the uppermost course of the
Tundzha, the longest tributary of the Maritsa. == Transport ==