Samuel founded the academy at
Nehardea, which in time attracted thousands of students. Along with
Sura Academy founded by
Abba Arikha, it opened a new era in which Babylon became the center of Judaism. After Rav's death, many students from Sura moved to Nehardea. Despite the fact that
Rav Kahana III's
Pum-Nahara Academy was subordinated to Sura Academy, from the time Rav died the heads of the Nehardea Academy came to visit Rav Kahana in Pum-Nahara with the intention of strengthening the ties between the two academies. This reinforcement of ties is attested by the fact that Kahana III gave his funeral oration to
Rav Zevid of Nehardea at Pum-Nahara, a funeral oration, most probably in conjunction with the fact that Rav Kahana III was a disciple of Rav Zevid of Nehardea. R.
Nahman of Nehardea visited Rav Kahana III in Pum-Nahara on the eve of
Yom Kippur; it is possible he came in order to participate with them in the prayers of the holy day. The academy had a special custom to show respect for the sages of The
Land of Israel: When a guest came from the Land of Israel, he taught in the presence of the dean and all students. After the class ended, a long and lively debate was conducted in which the students would inundate the guest with academic questions. R.
Dimi of Nehardea, Rav Zevid of Nehardea, and
Amemar. In many Talmud citations, there is a mention of Nehardea's academy methods, however Amemar states that despite the fact that he is a Nehardean, he thinks otherwise. It is unclear whether he meant that Nehardea's academy thinks otherwise and not as what is known to be the methods, or was he an independent in his thinking. After the death of Samuel, the academy split. The academy itself, headed by
Rav Huna, a disciple of Samuel, moved to
Sura, while another student of Rav and Shmuel,
Judah ben Ezekiel, founded the
Pumbedita Academy. However, Judah ben Ezekiel and his followers regarded Rav Huna as
Gedol haDor, until upon his death in 297 (
Hebrew calendar: ד"א נ"ח or ד'נ"ח ). In some cases, where there is disagreement among scholars, the Nehardea academy practiced
Rabbah bar Rav Huna'S view, and it may have to do with the fact that his son was the head of the academy and one of its leaders. ==See also==