National Anthem of the Republic of China

The "National Anthem of the Republic of China", also known by its incipit "Three Principles of the People", is the national anthem of the Republic of China, commonly called Taiwan, as well as the party anthem of the Kuomintang. It was adopted in 1930 as the national anthem and was used as such in both mainland China and Taiwan until 1949, when the Republic of China central government relocated to Taiwan following its defeat by the Chinese Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War. It replaced the "Song to the Auspicious Cloud", which had been used as the Chinese national anthem before. The national anthem was adopted in Taiwan on October 25, 1945 after the surrender of Imperial Japan. Mainland China, being governed by the People's Republic of China today, discontinued this national anthem for "March of the Volunteers".

History

The text was a collaboration between several Kuomintang (KMT) party members: Hu Hanmin, Tai Chi-tao, Liao Zhongkai, and Shao Yuanchong. The text debuted on 16 June 1924, as the opening of a speech by Sun Yat-sen at the opening ceremony of the Whampoa Military Academy. After the success of the Northern Expedition, the Kuomintang party chose the text to be its party anthem and publicly solicited for accompanying music. Cheng Maoyun won in a contest of 139 participants. == Tune ==

Tune

\relative c' { \key c \major \time 4/4 \partial 4 c\mf c2. e4 e2. g4 g2. e4 d2. e4 c'2. a8( g) \bar "|" \break a2. e4 a2. g8( fis) g2.\fermata g4-.\p( f-. a-. g-. c-.)( b-. d-. c-.) a( \bar "|" \break a c a g e d c) g'\mf g2. a8( g) g2. c4 c2. a8( g) \bar "|" \break g2. g4\ff e'2. d8.( e16) d2. g,4 d'2. d8.( e16) c2. \bar "|."} == Lyrics ==

Lyrics

The lyrics are in classical literary Chinese. For example: • () is a literary equivalent of both singular and plural "you" (which are differentiated in modern Chinese) depending on the context. In this case, it is the plural of "you". • () is a classical synonym of "not" ( fēi). • () is a classical, archaic interjection, and is not used in this sense in the modern vernacular language. In this respect, the national anthem of the Republic of China stands in contrast to the People's Republic of China's "March of the Volunteers", which was written a few years later entirely in modern vernacular Chinese. As well as being written in classical Chinese, the national anthem follows classical poetic conventions. The ancient Fu style follows that of a four-character poem, where the last character of each line rhymes in or , which are equivalent. English translations The official translation by Theodore B. Tu appears in English-language guides to the ROC published by the government. Transcriptions in other Sinitic languages == Notes ==

Source: Wikipedia ↗

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