highlighted in yellow. Around 600 BC, the Greeks colonized the Black Sea shore and founded numerous fortresses: Tomis (today's Constanța), Callatis, Histria, Argamum, Heracleea, Aegysus. The Greeks engaged in trade with the Dacians who lived on the main land. Dobruja became a Roman province after the conquest of the Dacian Tribes. One of the best preserved remnants of this period is the
Capidava fortress. Between the 7th and 14th century, Dobruja was part of the
First Bulgarian Empire and the
Second Bulgarian Empire. For a long period in the 14–15th century, Dobruja became part of
Wallachia. The territory fell under
Ottoman rule from the mid-15th century until 1878, when it was awarded to Romania for its role in the
1877-78 Russo-Turkish War, and as compensation for the transfer of a region partly overlapping
Southern Bessarabia. Under the treaties of
San Stefano and
Berlin, Romania received Northern Dobruja while the newly restored Principality of Bulgaria received the smaller southern part of the region. After the
Second Balkan War in 1913, Romania also annexed the Bulgarian Southern Dobruja, which it ruled until the signing of the 1940
Treaty of Craiova. The treaty was approved by
Britain,
Vichy France,
Germany,
Italy, the
Soviet Union and the
United States. It included a
population exchange which removed the Bulgarian minority from Northern Dobruja, which was evacuated to the southern part. At the same time, the Romanians (including
Aromanians and
Megleno-Romanians) from Southern Dobruja were brought north of the border. There also is a
Csángó Hungarian village in Northern Dobruja, in the Constanța County, known as
Oituz. ==Geography==