Cancelation " off I-93 northbound in Somerville, which was built as a future connection to the Inner Belt and never used Organized community opposition to the project began in 1965, when three city planners at the Boston Redevelopment Authority (now the
Boston Planning & Development Agency)—Tunney Lee, Fred Salvucci, and Dennis Blackett—founded the Cambridge Committee on the Inner Belt. The group, which later became incorporated as the Urban Planning Aid (UPA), published articles in the
Cambridge Chronicle criticizing the highway plan and disseminated maps of the route to residents, highlighting the Inner Belt's potentially disastrous effects on Cambridge's urban landscape. With the help of Father McManus, a local priest, the UPA mobilized Cambridge residents against the state's highway plan, and the anti-highway activists won over the Cambridge City Council, which became committed to stopping the project. The following year, in 1966, Cambridge residents protested the Inner Belt outside the
Massachusetts State House, leading then-Governor
John A. Volpe to order a restudy of the highway's route through Cambridge. The Black United Front (established in 1968) also mobilized residents in Roxbury against the Inner Belt and broader racial justice issues, working with the UPA to mobilize residents across
Greater Boston. A new group, the Greater Boston Committee (GBC) on the Transportation Crisis, was founded in 1968 to coordinate the anti-highway movement. The GBC's work culminated in the People Before Highways protest on January 25, 1969, when hundreds of residents flooded the Massachusetts State House, demanding that Governor
Francis Sargent (who assumed office just three days prior when Volpe was confirmed as President
Richard Nixon's
secretary of transportation) cancel the Inner Belt and Southwest Corridor. The project was canceled in 1971 after intense protests organized by
community activists, and following Sargent's 1970 moratorium on highway construction inside Route 128. It would have displaced some 7,000 people from their homes, created what opponents at the time called a "Chinese wall" dividing long established neighborhoods, and gutted large parts of the city of
Cambridge and the Boston neighborhood of
Roxbury. There was also speculation that the construction of the Inner Belt would essentially bypass
Downtown Boston completely, resulting in economic stagnation in a city that was already having considerable financial problems. Unresolved traffic problems resulting from the cancelation were among the factors eventually leading to Boston's
Big Dig highway project, decades later. The
Northwest Expressway was to carry Route 2 and
Route 3 along a four-lane highway from the northwest (the current outer intersection of US 3 and Route 128 in Burlington) via Cambridge to connect with the Inner Belt in
Union Square, Somerville. Instead, the Route 2 highway was never rerouted to the
Fitchburg Line right-of-way and alternately now terminates along the right-of-way of the old
Cambridge and Concord Turnpike (Route 2). That intersection left the highway terminating at a
traffic circle in northwest
Cambridge, where it intersected
Route 16. In the 1980s, the rotary was replaced by a traffic light and the highway was connected to the
park-and-ride garage at
Alewife station on the newly extended
Red Line. An outer belt,
I-495, was
completed by 1982 around Greater Boston.
Reuse of right-of-ways With the cancelation of the
"Southwest Corridor" route for I-95, and the resultant alternate usage of much of that right-of-way for a significant length of the relocated southwest section of the
Orange Line subway's above-ground run, Route 128 between I-95 south and I-95 north was made part of the Interstate System as I-95. The right-of-way for the I-695 portion of the beltway in
Roxbury had already been cleared and now contains an
arterial road,
Melnea Cass Boulevard. The former Southwest Corridor portion of the right-of-way was converted into
Southwest Corridor Park and the new route for the new depressed southern section of Boston's Orange Line subway, from
Tufts Medical Center station southwestward. The older
elevated Orange Line right-of-way along Washington Street was subsequently torn down by 1987 and eventually replaced by the
Silver Line rapid bus service. Remnants of the Inner Belt were visible for many years on
I-93 at what is now the
Storrow Drive Connector interchange (exit 18 [old exit 26] southbound) in Somerville (which would have been the northern terminus of I-695) and at the Massachusetts Avenue interchange in Boston (which would have been the
Route 3/I-95 junction at the southern terminus of the beltway). Some, but not all, of these remnants have been demolished as part of the Big Dig; in particular, the
Leverett Circle Connector Bridge uses the northern pair of ramps in Somerville and had to be built around the southern pair of ramps. A still-extant but barricaded spur just north of the new
Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge on both levels of I-93 north was intended to connect to the Inner Belt. An
industrial park in Somerville, built on the remnants of the
Boston and Maine Railroad's Yard 8, near the intended northern terminus of the highway is built around a street known as "Inner Belt Road". ==See also==