Pablo Neruda

Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto was born on 12 July 1904, in Parral, Chile, a city in Linares Province, now part of the greater Maule Region, some 350 km south of Santiago. His father, José del Carmen Reyes Morales, was a railway employee, and his mother Rosa Neftalí Basoalto Opazo was a school teacher who died on 14 September two months after he was born. On 26 September, he was baptized in the parish of San Jose de Parral. Neruda grew up in Temuco with Rodolfo, a half-brother born after his father remarried, and a half-sister, Laura Herminia "Laurita," from one of his father's extramarital affairs (her mother was Aurelia Tolrà, a Catalan woman). He composed his first poems in the winter of 1914. Neruda was an atheist. ==Literary career==

Neruda's father opposed his son's interest in writing and literature, but he received encouragement from others, including the future Nobel Prize winner Gabriela Mistral, who headed the local school. On 18 July 1917, at the age of 13, he published his first work, an essay titled "Entusiasmo y perseverancia" ("Enthusiasm and Perseverance") in the local daily newspaper La Mañana, and signed it Neftalí Reyes. From 1918 to mid-1920, he published numerous poems, such as "Mis ojos" ("My eyes"), and essays in local magazines as Neftalí Reyes. In 1919, he participated in the literary contest Juegos Florales del Maule and won third place for his poem "Comunión ideal" or "Nocturno ideal." By mid-1920, when he adopted the pseudonym Pablo Neruda, he was a published author of poems, prose, and journalism. He is thought to have derived his pen name from the Czech poet Jan Neruda, though other sources say the true inspiration was Moravian violinist Wilma Neruda, whose name appears in Arthur Conan Doyle's novel A Study in Scarlet. In 1921, at the age of 16, Neruda moved to Santiago he managed to meet and impress Don Carlos George Nascimento, the most important publisher in Chile at the time. In 1923, his first volume of verse, Crepusculario (Book of Twilights), was published by Editorial Nascimento, followed the next year by Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada (Twenty Love Poems and a song of despair), In 1927, out of financial desperation, he took an honorary consulship in Rangoon, the capital of the British colony of Burma, then administered from New Delhi as a province of British India. In Batavia the following year, he met and married his first wife, a Dutch bank employee known as Maruca. While he was in the diplomatic service, Neruda read large amounts of verse, experimented with many different poetic forms, and wrote the first two volumes of Residencia en la Tierra, which include many surrealist poems. In 1950, Neruda wrote a famous poem, "United Fruit Company," referencing the United Fruit Company, founded in 1899, that controlled many territories and transportation networks in Latin America. He was a communist who believed corporations such as this were exploiting Latin America and hurting them. The corporation was corrupt and only cared about profit, and throughout his poem, he speaks of how the innocent citizens of Latin America suffered when companies destroyed their land and lifestyles and brought cruelty and injustices to their land. He points out ways that companies manipulate governments and workers in attempts to exploit impoverished countries. As a political activist, his stance as a communist comes out in his poem as he calls the wealthy corporations "bloodthirsty flies" and resembles a "dictatorship." He compares United Fruit Inc. to big-name companies such as Coca-Cola and Ford Motors to emphasize their strength and power over the little countries residing in Latin America. His writing skills truly shine in this poem, solidifying his worthiness of being named the National Poet of Chile. In this poem, he used tons of imagery, metaphors, irony, symbolism, and an overall witty tone to get his point of dislike towards big corrupt corporations and the promotion of communism. ==Diplomatic and political career==

Spanish Civil War After returning to Chile, Neruda was given diplomatic posts in Buenos Aires and, later, Barcelona, Spain. He succeeded Gabriela Mistral as consul in Madrid, where he became the center of a lively literary circle, befriending such writers as Rafael Alberti, Federico García Lorca, and the Peruvian poet César Vallejo. She died in 1943 at the age of eight, having spent most of her short life with a foster family in the Netherlands after Neruda ignored and abandoned her, forcing her mother to work to support her care. Half of that time was during the occupation of Holland by the Nazis, who viewed birth defects as denoting genetic inferiority. Reyes was repudiated, mocked, and abandoned by her father and died in utter indigence in war-devastated and Nazi-occupied Netherlands. During this period, Neruda became estranged from his wife and instead began a relationship with , an aristocratic Argentine artist who was 20 years his senior. As Spain became engulfed in civil war, Neruda became intensely politicized for the first time. His experiences during the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath moved him away from privately focused work in the direction of collective obligation. Neruda became an ardent Communist for the rest of his life. The radical leftist politics of his literary friends, as well as that of del Carril, were contributing factors, but the most important catalyst was the execution of García Lorca by forces loyal to the dictator Francisco Franco. Neruda's marriage to Vogelzang broke down, and he eventually obtained a divorce in Mexico in 1943. His estranged wife moved to Monte Carlo to escape the hostilities in Spain and then to the Netherlands with their very ill only child, and he never saw either of them again. After leaving his wife, Neruda lived with Delia del Carril in France, eventually marrying her (shortly after his divorce) in Tetecala in 1943; however, his new marriage was not recognized by Chilean authorities as his divorce from Vogelzang was deemed illegal. Following the election of Pedro Aguirre Cerda (whom Neruda supported) as President of Chile in 1938, Neruda was appointed special Consul for Spanish emigrants in Paris. There he was responsible for what he called "the noblest mission I have ever undertaken": transporting 2,000 Spanish refugees who had been housed by the French in squalid camps to Chile on an old ship called the Winnipeg. Neruda is sometimes charged with having selected only fellow Communists for emigration, to the exclusion of others who had fought on the side of the Republic. Many Republicans and Anarchists were killed during the German invasion and occupation. Others deny these accusations, pointing out that Neruda chose only a few hundred of the 2,000 refugees personally; the rest were selected by the Service for the Evacuation of Spanish Refugees set up by Juan Negrín, President of the Spanish Republican Government in Exile. Mexican appointment Neruda's next diplomatic post was as Consul General in Mexico City from 1940 to 1943. During his time there, he married del Carril and learned that his daughter Malva had died at the age of eight in Nazi-occupied Netherlands. Neruda later stated that he had done it at the request of the Mexican President, Manuel Ávila Camacho. This allowed Siqueiros, who was then imprisoned, to leave Mexico for Chile, where he stayed at Neruda's private residence. In return for Neruda's assistance, Siqueiros spent over a year painting a mural at a school in Chillán. While Neruda's relationship with Siqueiros drew criticism, he dismissed the allegation that he had intended to aid an assassin as "sensationalist politico-literary harassment". Return to Chile In 1943, upon his return to Chile, Neruda embarked on a tour of Peru, where he visited Machu Picchu. This experience later inspired Alturas de Macchu Picchu, a book-length poem in 12 parts that he completed in 1945. The poem expressed his growing awareness of and interest in the ancient civilizations of the Americas. He further explored this theme in Canto General (1950). In Alturas, Neruda celebrated the achievement of Macchu Picchu but also condemned the slavery that had made it possible. In Canto XII, he called upon the dead of many centuries to be reborn and speak through him. Martín Espada, a poet and professor of creative writing at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, has hailed the work as a masterpiece, declaring that "there is no greater political poem". Communism Bolstered by his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, Neruda, like many left-leaning intellectuals of his generation, came to admire the Soviet Union of Joseph Stalin. He did so partly due to the role it played in defeating Nazi Germany and partly because of an idealistic interpretation of Marxist doctrine. Their differences came to a head after the Nazi-Soviet Ribbentrop–Molotov Pact of 1939, when they almost came to blows in an argument over Stalin. Although Paz still considered Neruda "The greatest poet of his generation", in an essay on Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, he wrote that when he thinks of "Neruda and other famous Stalinist writers and poets, I feel the gooseflesh that I get from reading certain passages of the Inferno. No doubt they began in good faith ... but insensibly, commitment by commitment, they saw themselves becoming entangled in a mesh of lies, falsehoods, deceits, and perjuries, until they lost their souls." On 15 July 1945, at Pacaembu Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, Neruda read to 100,000 people in honor of the Communist revolutionary leader Luís Carlos Prestes. Neruda hailed Vladimir Lenin as the "great genius of this century". In a speech he gave on 5 June 1946, Neruda also paid tribute to the late Soviet leader Mikhail Kalinin, whom Neruda regarded as a "man of noble life," "the great constructor of the future," and "a comrade in arms of Lenin and Stalin." Neruda later came to regret his fondness for the Soviet Union, explaining that "in those days, Stalin seemed to us the conqueror who had crushed Hitler's armies." Of a subsequent visit to China in 1957, Neruda wrote: "What has estranged me from the Chinese revolutionary process has not been Mao Tse-tung but Mao Tse-tungism." He labeled this Mao Tse-Stalinism as "the repetition of a cult of a Socialist deity". On 4 March 1945, Neruda was elected as a Communist Senator representing the northern provinces of Antofagasta and Tarapacá in the Atacama Desert. He officially joined the Communist Party of Chile four months later. In 1959, Neruda was present when Fidel Castro was honored at a welcoming ceremony hosted by the Central University of Venezuela. There, he spoke to a massive gathering of students and read his poem Un canto para Bolívar ("A Song for Bolívar"). Prior to this, he shared his sentiments: "In this painful and victorious hour that the peoples of the Americas are living, my poem, with changes in location, can be understood as directed towards Fidel Castro, because in the struggles for freedom, the destiny of a man always emerges to instill confidence in the spirit of greatness in the history of our nations." During the late 1960s, Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges was asked for his opinion on Neruda. Borges stated, "I think of him as a very fine poet, a very fine poet. I don't admire him as a man; I think of him as a very mean man." He said that Neruda had not spoken out against Argentine President Juan Perón because he was afraid to risk his reputation, noting, "I was an Argentine poet; he was a Chilean poet; he's on the side of the Communists; I'm against them. So I felt he was behaving very wisely in avoiding a meeting that would have been quite uncomfortable for both of us." == Hiding and exile, 1948–1952 ==

in 1951 A few weeks after his "Yo acuso" speech in 1948, finding himself threatened with arrest, Neruda went into hiding. He and his wife were smuggled from house to house, hidden by supporters and admirers for the next 13 months. Pablo Picasso arranged his entrance into Paris, and Neruda made a surprise appearance there to a stunned World Congress of Peace Forces, while the Chilean government denied that the poet could have escaped the country. A Chilean singer named Matilde Urrutia was hired to care for him, and they began an affair that would, years later, culminate in marriage. Neruda's 1952 stay in a villa owned by Italian historian Edwin Cerio on the island of Capri was fictionalized in Antonio Skarmeta's 1985 novel Ardiente Paciencia (Ardent Patience, later known as El cartero de Neruda, or ''Neruda's Postman), which inspired the popular film Il Postino'' (1994). ==Second return to Chile==

By 1952, the González Videla government was on its last legs, weakened by corruption scandals. The Chilean Socialist Party was in the process of nominating Salvador Allende as its candidate for the September 1952 presidential elections and was keen to have the presence of Neruda, by now Chile's most prominent left-wing literary figure, to support the campaign. The campaign became more intense when it became known that Neruda was a candidate for the 1964 Nobel Prize, which was eventually awarded to Jean-Paul Sartre. (who rejected it). In 1966, Neruda was invited to attend an International PEN conference in New York City. Officially, he was barred from entering the U.S. because he was a communist, but the conference organizer, playwright Arthur Miller, eventually prevailed upon the Johnson Administration to grant Neruda a visa. At the same time, he told his friend Aida Figueroa not to cry for Che but for Luis Emilio Recabarren, the father of the Chilean communist movement who preached a pacifist revolution over Che's violent ways. ==Last years and death==

In 1970, Neruda was nominated as a candidate for the Chilean presidency but ended up giving his support to Salvador Allende, who later won the election and was inaugurated in 1970 as Chile's first democratically elected socialist head of state. Shortly thereafter, Allende appointed Neruda the Chilean ambassador to France, lasting from 1971 to 1973; his final diplomatic posting. During his stint in Paris, Neruda helped to renegotiate the external debt of Chile, billions owed to European and American banks, but within months of his arrival in Paris, his health began to deteriorate. "A poet," Neruda stated in his Stockholm speech of acceptance of the Nobel Prize, "is at the same time a force for solidarity and for solitude." The following year, Neruda was awarded the prestigious Golden Wreath Award at the Struga Poetry Evenings. As the coup d'état of 1973 unfolded, Neruda was diagnosed with prostate cancer. The military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet saw Neruda's hopes for Chile destroyed. Shortly thereafter, during a search of the house and grounds at Isla Negra by Chilean armed forces at which Neruda was reportedly present, the poet famously remarked: "Look around – there's only one thing of danger for you here – poetry." It was originally reported that, on the evening of 23 September 1973, at Santiago's Santa María Clinic, Neruda had died of heart failure. However, "(t)hat day, he was alone in the hospital where he had already spent five days. His health was declining, and he called his wife, Matilde Urrutia, so she could come immediately because they were giving him something, and he wasn't feeling good." On 12 May 2011, the Mexican magazine Proceso published an interview with his former driver Manuel Araya Osorio in which he states that he was present when Neruda called his wife and warned that he believed Pinochet had ordered a doctor to kill him, and that he had just been given an injection in his stomach. Manuel Araya, his Communist-Party–appointed chauffeur, published a book about Neruda's final days in 2012. == Controversy ==

Rumored murder and exhumation In June 2013, a Chilean judge ordered an investigation to be launched following suggestions that Neruda had been killed by the Pinochet regime due to his pro-Allende stance and political views. Neruda's driver, Manuel Araya, claimed that he had seen Neruda two days before his death and that doctors had administered poison as the poet was preparing to go into exile. Araya claimed that he was driving Neruda to buy medicine when he was suddenly stopped by military personnel who arrested him, hijacked the Fiat 125 he was driving, and took him to police headquarters where they tortured him. He found out Neruda had died after Santiago Archbishop Raúl Silva Henríquez informed him. Carroza's inquiry during 2011–12 uncovered enough evidence to order the exhumation in April 2013. Eduardo Contreras, a Chilean lawyer who was leading the push for a full investigation, commented, "We have world-class labs from India, Switzerland, Germany, the US, Sweden; they have all offered to do the lab work for free." The Pablo Neruda Foundation fought the exhumation on the grounds that Araya's claims were unbelievable. In June 2013, a court order was issued to find the man who allegedly poisoned Neruda. Police were investigating Michael Townley, who was facing trial for the killings of General Carlos Prats (Buenos Aires, 1974), and ex-Chancellor, Orlando Letelier (Washington, 1976). The Chilean government suggested that the 2015 test showed it was "highly probable that a third party" was responsible for his death. Test results were released on 8 November 2013, of the seven-month investigation by a 15-member forensic team. Patricio Bustos, the head of Chile's medical legal service, stated, "No relevant chemical substances have been found that could be linked to Mr. Neruda's death" at the time. However, Carroza said that he was waiting for the results of the last scientific tests conducted in May (2015), which found that Neruda was infected with the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium, which can be highly toxic and result in death if modified. His cause of death was, in fact, listed as a heart attack. Scientists who exhumed Neruda's body in 2013 also supported claims that he was suffering from prostate cancer when he died. McMaster researcher Debi Poinar noted that if Neruda had died of botulism, he would have suffered paralysis or sepsis. Some scientists involved in the testing also spoke with Deutsche Welle to deny the family's claim that the testing confirmed he was poisoned. Despite at times being used as a biological weapon, the bacteria also has a long history of being present in food products such as fruit, vegetables, seafood and canned food, and at times has even been used for medical treatment. John Austin, who leads the Botulism Reference Service for Canada, also told Deutsche Welle that the mere presence of C. botulinum is not harmful to humans, and that any harm that comes from it is due to the toxins it produces when it grows. Several feminist groups, bolstered by a growing #MeToo and anti-femicide movement, stated that Neruda should not be honored by his country, describing the passage as evidence of rape. Neruda remains a controversial figure for Chileans, and especially for Chilean feminists. == Legacy ==

Neruda owned three houses in Chile; today, they are all open to the public as museums: La Chascona in Santiago, La Sebastiana in Valparaíso, and Casa de Isla Negra in Isla Negra, where he and Matilde Urrutia are buried. A bust of Neruda stands on the grounds of the Organization of American States building in Washington, D.C. In popular culture Music Chilean composer Sergio Ortega worked closely with Neruda in the musical play Fulgor y muerte de Joaquín Murieta (Splendor and death of Joaquín Murieta) in 1967. In 1998, Ortega expanded the piece into an opera, leaving Neruda's text intact. Numerous groups and individuals have set the poems by Neruda to music, including: • Leon Schidlowsky: Caupolicán (1958), Carrera (1991), and Lautaro (2009), among others. • Michael Gielen: pentaphony Ein Tag tritt hervor (1960–63) • Samuel Barber: cantata The Lovers (1971). • Peter Schat: cantata Canto General (1974), dedicated to Salvador Allende. • Mikis Theodorakis: oratorio Canto General (1975). • Julia Stilman-Lasansky: Cantata No. 3 (1976) • Dan Welcher: Abeja Blanca for Mezzo-Soprano, English Horn, and Piano (1978), dedicated to Jan DeGaetani. • Los Jaivas: rock album Alturas de Macchu Picchu (1981) • Sixpence None the Richer: song "Puedo escribir" (1997) on their self-titled album. • Tobias Picker: vocal works Tres Sonetos de Amor (2000) and Cuatro Sonetos de Amor (2014). • Luciana Souza: jazz album Neruda (2004), featuring the music of Federico Mompou. • Brazilian Girls: song "Me gusta cuando callas" (2005) on their self-titled album. • Morten Lauridsen: choral song "Soneto de la noche" (2005) as part of the song cycle Nocturnes. • Peter Lieberson: Neruda Songs (2005) and Songs of Love and Sorrow (2010). • Ezequiel Viñao: song cycle Sonetos de amor (2012). • Marco Katz: song cycle Las Piedras del cielo (2012) for voice and piano. • Ute Lemper: album Forever (2013) Literature • The character of The Poet in Isabel Allende's debut novel The House of the Spirits (1982) is an allusion to Neruda. • Neruda's 1952 stay in a villa on the island of Capri was fictionalized in Chilean author Antonio Skarmeta's 1985 novel Ardiente paciencia. The novel in turn served as the basis for the 1994 film Il Postino as well as the 2010 opera of the same name by Daniel Catán. • Neruda is included as a character in Chilean author Roberto Bolaño's 2000 novella "Nocturno de Chile" • In the 2007 novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Pakistani author Mohsin Hamid, a key time in the political radicalization of the protagonist – a young Pakistani intellectual – is his short stay in Chile, in the course of which he visits the preserved home of Pablo Neruda. • In 2008, the writer Roberto Ampuero published a novel El caso Neruda, about his private eye Cayetano Brulé where Pablo Neruda is one of the protagonists. • The Dreamer (2010) is a children's fictional biography of Neruda, written by Pam Muñoz Ryan and illustrated by Peter Sís. The text and illustrations are printed in Neruda's signature green ink. • Isabel Allende's 2019 novel, A Long Petal of the Sea, has numerous Chilean historical key figures in its narrative. Allende writes about the life of Neruda and his involvement in the transportation of numerous fugitives from the Franco regime to Chile. • Xia Xia's 夏夏 2023 book of poems for children How Many Questions Will the Cat Have? (《一隻貓會有多少問題？》, Ryefield Press, Taiwan, ISBN 9786267281178) was inspired by Neruda's Book of Questions (in the Chinese translation by Chen Li) - she wrote new poems in Chinese following the same titles as Neruda's poems. Film The biographical dramas Neruda (2016) and Alborada (2021) center on Neruda's life. The Italian film Il Postino (1994) is a fictional work about a humble man who is hired to deliver mail by bicycle to just one recipient of the island Procida, Neruda, living there in exile. The English film Truly, Madly, Deeply (1990), written and directed by Anthony Minghella, uses Neruda's poem "The Dead Woman" as a pivotal device in the plot when Nina (Juliet Stevenson) understands she must let go of her dead lover Jamie (Alan Rickman). Other films referencing Neruda's works include Mindwalk (1990), Patch Adams (1998), Chemical Hearts (2020) and Happiness for Beginners (2023). ==List of works==

Original • Crepusculario. Santiago, Ediciones Claridad, 1921. • Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1924. • Tentativa del hombre infinito. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1926. • Anillos. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1926. (Prosa poética de Pablo Neruda y Tomás Lago.) • El hondero entusiasta. Santiago, Empresa Letras, 1933. • El habitante y su esperanza. Novela. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1926. • Residencia en la tierra (1925–1931). Madrid, Ediciones del Árbol, 1935. • España en el corazón. Himno a las glorias del pueblo en la guerra: (1936–1937). Santiago, Ediciones Ercilla, 1937. • Nuevo canto de amor a Stalingrado. México, 1943. • Tercera residencia (1935–1945). Buenos Aires, Losada, 1947. • Alturas de Macchu Picchu. Ediciones de Libreria Neira, Santiago de Chile, 1948. • Canto general. México, Talleres Gráficos de la Nación, 1950. • Los versos del capitán. 1952. • Todo el amor. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1953. • Las uvas y el viento. Santiago, Editorial Nascimento, 1954. • Odas elementales. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1954. • Nuevas odas elementales. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1955. • Tercer libro de las odas. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1957. • Estravagario. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1958. • Navegaciones y regresos. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1959. • Oda al Gato, original poem in Navegaciones y regresos book. • Cien sonetos de amor. Santiago, Editorial Universitaria, 1959. • Canción de gesta. La Habana, Imprenta Nacional de Cuba, 1960. • Poesías: Las piedras de Chile. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1960. Las Piedras de Pablo Neruda • Cantos ceremoniales. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1961. • Plenos Poderes. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1962. • Memorial de Isla Negra. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1964. 5 volúmenes. • Diez Odas para diez grabados de Roser Bru. Barcelona, El Laberint, 1965. • Arte de pájaros. Santiago, Ediciones Sociedad de Amigos del Arte Contemporáneo, 1966. • Fulgor y muerte de Joaquín Murieta. Santiago, Zig-Zag, 1967. La obra fue escrita con la intención de servir de libreto para una ópera de Sergio Ortega. • La Barcarola. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1967. • Las manos del día. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1968. • Comiendo en Hungría. Editorial Lumen, Barcelona, 1969. (En co-autoría con Miguel Ángel Asturias) • Fin del mundo. Santiago, Edición de la Sociedad de Arte Contemporáneo, 1969. Con Ilustraciones de Mario Carreño, Nemesio Antúnez, Pedro Millar, María Martner, Julio Escámez y Oswaldo Guayasamín. • Aún. Editorial Nascimento, Santiago, 1969. • Maremoto. Santiago, Sociedad de Arte Contemporáneo, 1970. Con Xilografías a color de Carin Oldfelt Hjertonsson. • La espada encendida. Buenos Aires, Losada, 1970. • Las piedras del cielo. Editorial Losada, Buenos Aires, 1970. • Discurso de Estocolmo. Alpignano, Italia, A. Tallone, 1972. • Geografía infructuosa. Buenos Aires, Editorial Losada, 1972. • La rosa separada. Éditions du Dragon, París, 1972 con grabados de Enrique Zañartu. • Incitación al Nixonicidio y alabanza de la revolución chilena. Santiago, Empresa Editora Nacional Quimantú, Santiago, 1973. English translations • The Heights of Macchu Picchu (bilingual edition) (Jonathan Cape Ltd London; Farrar, Straus, Giroux New York 1966, translated by Nathaniel Tarn, preface by Robert Pring-Mill)(broadcast by the BBC Third Programme 1966) • Selected Poems: A Bilingual Edition, translated by Nathaniel Tarn. (Jonathan Cape Ltd London 1970) • ''The Captain's Verses'' (bilingual edition) (New Directions, 1972) (translated by Donald D. Walsh) • New Poems (1968-1970) (bilingual edition) (Grove Press, 1972) (translated by Ben Belitt) • Residence on Earth (bilingual edition) (New Directions, 1973) (translated by Donald D. Walsh) • Extravagaria (bilingual edition) (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1974) (translated by Alastair Reid) • Selected Poems.(translated by Nathaniel Tarn: Penguin Books, London 1975) • Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair (bilingual edition) (Jonathan Cape Ltd London; Penguin Books, 1976 translated by William O'Daly) • Still Another Day (Copper Canyon Press, 1984, 2005) (translated by William O'Daly) • The Separate Rose (Copper Canyon Press, 1985) (translated by William O'Daly) • 100 Love Sonnets (bilingual edition) (University of Texas Press, 1986) (translated by Stephen Tapscott) • Winter Garden (Copper Canyon Press, 1987, 2002) (translated by James Nolan) • The Sea and the Bells (Copper Canyon Press, 1988, 2002) (translated by William O'Daly) • The Yellow Heart (Copper Canyon Press, 1990, 2002) (translated by William O'Daly) • Stones of the Sky (Copper Canyon Press, 1990, 2002) (translated by William O'Daly) • Selected Odes of Pablo Neruda (University of California Press, 1990) (translated by Margaret Sayers Peden) • Canto General (University of California Press, 1991) (translated by Jack Schmitt) • The Book of Questions (Copper Canyon Press, 1991, 2001) (translated by William O'Daly) • The Poetry of Pablo Neruda, an anthology of 600 of Neruda's poems, some with Spanish originals, drawing on the work of 36 translators. (Farrar, Straus & Giroux Inc, New York, 2003, 2005). • 100 Love Sonnets (bilingual edition) (Exile Editions, 2004, new edition 2016) (translated and with an afterword by Gustavo Escobedo; Introduction by Rosemary Sullivan; Reflections on reading Neruda by George Elliott Clarke, Beatriz Hausner and A. F. Moritz) • On the Blue Shore of Silence: Poems of the Sea (Rayo HarperCollins, 2004) (translated by Alastair Reid, epilogue Antonio Skármeta) • The Essential Neruda: Selected Poems (City Lights, 2004) (translated by Robert Hass, Jack Hirschman, Mark Eisner, Forrest Gander, Stephen Mitchell, Stephen Kessler, and John Felstiner. Preface by Lawrence Ferlinghetti) • Intimacies: Poems of Love (HarperCollins, 2008) (translated by Alastair Reid) • The Hands of the Day (Copper Canyon Press, 2008) (translated by William O'Daly) • All The Odes (Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2013) (various translators, prominently Margaret Sayers Peden) • Then Come Back: The Lost Neruda (Copper Canyon Press, 2016) (translated by Forrest Gander) • Venture of the Infinite Man (City Lights, 2017) (translated by Jessica Powell; introduction by Mark Eisner) • Book of Twilight (Copper Canyon Press, 2018) (translated by William O'Daly) • Grapes and the Wind (Spuyten Duyvil Publishing, 2019) (translated by Michael Straus) ==References==