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Patroon

In the United States, a patroon was a landholder with manorial rights to large tracts of land in the 17th-century Dutch colony of New Netherland on the east coast of North America. Through the Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions of 1629, the Dutch West India Company first started to grant this title and land to some of its invested members. These inducements to foster colonization and settlement are the basis for the patroon system. By the end of the 18th century, virtually all of the American states had abolished primogeniture and entail; thus patroons and manors evolved into simply large estates subject to division and leases.

Rensselaerswyck
The largest and most successful patroonship in New Netherland was the Manor of Rensselaerswijck, established by Kiliaen van Rensselaer. Rensselaerswijck covered almost all of present-day Albany and Rensselaer counties and parts of present-day Columbia and Greene counties in New York State. • Manor of Rensselaerswyck and Lower Manor at Claverack. ==Original patents==
Original patents
Zwaanendael (Delaware Bay) – Samuel Blommaert and Samuel Godyn, abandoned after being devastated by indigenous population. • Pavonia (Hudson County) – Michael Reyniersz Pauw, re-sold to the West India Company becoming a company-managed holding. • Staaten Eylandt (Staten Island) – Cornelis Melyn, mired in conflict with Raritan tribe and company politics. • Achter Col (Hackensack River), aborted at the outset of Kieft's War. ==Other large private land patents==
Other large private land patents
Colen Donck (Bronx and Yonkers) – Adriaen van der DonckBronxJonas BronckVriessendaelDavid Pietersen de Vries; de Vries also had the 1st patent for Staten Island. == English manorial grants ==
English manorial grants
Fordham Manor 3900 acres in the Bronx owned by John Archer. Granted in 1671 this was the 1st Manor granted under English rule. • Bentley ManorChristopher Billopp. • Cassilton ManorJohn PalmerLivingston Manor (Dutchess and Columbia counties) – Robert Livingston the Elder 160,000 acres (650 km²) • Lloyd's Neck Manor – James Lloyd • Pelham ManorThomas Pell == Notable English non-manorial grants ==
Notable English non-manorial grants
Resistance
Abolition
The word patroonship was used until the year 1775, when the British parliament redefined the lands as estates and took away the jurisdictional privilege. Dutch Americans, who still formed a substantial portion of the American populace, resented the change and moved mostly toward the cause of American independence. After the war, the newly recognized New York state government refused to overturn the law. Rensselaerswijck was dismantled in the early 19th century after its last sole proprietor, Stephen Van Rensselaer III, died. Two of his sons split the property and, after tenant farmers gained the right to refuse to pay rent, the sons sold off much of the property. The land was organized as different counties and towns in New York's Capital District. ==In popular media==
In popular media
Albany Patroons, basketball team • Dragonwyck (film) ==See also==
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