Peace enforcement

Notable Peace Enforcement Missions Include: The Korean War took place between 1950-1953, the UN was involved in this peace enforcement mission by enforcing peace through military engagement. Establishing Chapter VII of the UN Charter allows the UN Security Council to authorize military action when peace is threatened. Other examples of peace enforcement missions could include, the Gulf War the primary "peace operation" involved was led by the UN and involved the international community. They sought to enforce Iraqi withdrawal via UN Security Council resolutions and international condemnation. However, these measures failed, leading to the launch of Operation Desert Storm, a military coalition campaign to liberate Kuwait. NATO's intervention in Kosovo in 1999, is seen as an example of peace enforcement despite not being directly sanctioned by the UN Security Council. Africa The United Nations and African Union have both executed peace enforcement missions in Africa. The African Union undertakes peace enforcement operations through utilizing the African Standby Force. The United Nations Security Council often proposes peace enforcement mission partnerships to the African Union for authorization, and the African Union must request permission from the Security Council to execute peace enforcement operations. The United Nations has relied on the African Union to counter conflict outbreaks and enforce stability. The United Nations is then tasked with peacetime consolidation. The UN Stabilization Mission to the Democratic Republic of the Congo was a peace enforcement mission targeting armed rebel groups such as M23. Middle East and North Africa Operation Unified Protector is a peace enforcement operation executed in Libya during the 2011 Libyan Civil War. == Criticisms of Peace Enforcement ==

Critics of peace enforcement using United Nations peacekeeping forces include infringement on UN peacekeeping ethical standards of impartiality, intervention violating standards to only enforce an existing peace, and the use of non-defensive force. Distinguishing between operations conducted by the United Nations versus those which have been authorized by the United Nations Security Council has been a proposed solution. However, the use of UN peacekeeping forces for peace enforcement missions remains under scrutiny, and critics argue that regional organizations such as the African Union and the Arab League should be tasked with the execution of enforcement missions. The United Nations has proposed peace enforcement missions as a means to combat intrastate conflicts in countries such as Ethiopia, Cameroon, Sudan, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali. However, these countries have relied upon internal conflict resolution tactics and have not requested for enforcement operations to be conducted. ==See also==