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Thiocarbamate

In organic chemistry, thiocarbamates (thiourethanes) are a family of organosulfur compounds. As the prefix thio- suggests, they are sulfur analogues of carbamates. There are two isomeric forms of thiocarbamates: O-thiocarbamates, ROC(=S)NR2 (esters), and S-thiocarbamates, RSC(=O)NR2 (thioesters).

Synthesis
Thiocarbamates can be synthesised by the reaction of water or alcohols upon thiocyanates (Riemschneider thiocarbamate synthesis): :RSCN + H2O → RSC(=O)NH2 :RSCN + R'OH → RSC(=O)NR'H Similar reactions are seen between alcohols and thiocarbamoyl chlorides such as dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride; as well as between thiols and cyanates. Salts of thiocarbamate arise by the reaction of amines with carbonyl sulfide: : ==Reactions ==
Reactions
In the Newman-Kwart rearrangement O-thiocarbamates can isomerise to S-thiocarbamates. This reaction, which generally requires high temperatures, is an important method for the synthesis of thiophenols. ==Occurrence==
Occurrence
Goitrin is a cyclic thiocarbamate found in some vegetables. ==Uses==
Uses
Thiocarbamate based herbicides (e.g. prosulfocarb) were introduced in 1957 and in 2017 was a $200,000,000 market. Other thiocarbamate herbicides are pebulate, molinate, EPTC, butylate, triallate, vernolate and cycloate. ==See also==
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