MarketPeter Cruddas, Baron Cruddas
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Peter Cruddas, Baron Cruddas

Peter Andrew Cruddas, Baron Cruddas is an English banker and businessman. He is the founder of online trading company CMC Markets. In the 2007 Sunday Times Rich List, he was named the richest man in the City of London, with an estimated fortune of £860 million. As of March 2012, Forbes estimated his wealth at $1.3 billion, equivalent to £830 million at the time.

Early life
The son of a father who worked at Smithfield Market, Cruddas has a twin brother Stephen and an elder brother John, both of whom later became taxi drivers. Born in the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney, the boys initially lived on the Bracklyn Court Estate, before moving to Vince Court when the twins were six. Throughout interviews and in his autobiography, Cruddas refers to his mother as the primary driver of his success. He says he started his business only to impress her, and "then never stopped". ==Career==
Career
In his own words, Cruddas began working at the age of 14 as a weekend milkman for Express Dairies. As the family needed money, he left Shoreditch Comprehensive aged 15 with no qualifications and gained a job as a telex operator for Western Union in the City of London, earning about £7 a week. After being made redundant, he worked in the foreign currency trading rooms of various banks, including the Bank of Iran and Marine Midland. By 1989, Cruddas had become the head foreign exchange dealer at the London branch of the Jordanian-based Petra Bank. He left the same year to set up his own business, starting CMC Markets with £10,000. His good fortune came during the 1991 Gulf War, when Arab banks asked him to act as an intermediary to obtain foreign exchange from Western institutions. In 1996, he became one of the first to offer online trading. In 2016, CMC Markets floated on the London Stock Exchange, with reports ahead of the listing stating that Cruddas would sell a portion of his shares while retaining a majority stake. The IPO priced in February 2016, valuing the company at about £691 million. At the end of January 2026, his stake in CMC Markets was 59.02%. ==Politics==
Politics
It is believed that Cruddas has donated over £3.5 million to the Conservative Party. The Times noted that most party treasurers drastically reduce their contributions after being elevated to the Lords. Only one continued to donate as before, insisting that he did not want his generosity to appear like a brazen purchase of a title. In March 2025, The Guardian included Cruddas among peers who had donated more than £1 million before entering the House of Lords, and reported that donations from large pre-appointment donors tended to decline after they secured their seats when averaged over time. Cash-for-Access scandal Cruddas was appointed Conservative Party co-treasurer in June 2011 alongside Lord Fink, effectively the party's chief fund raiser, in succession to billionaire property tycoon David Rowland. In 2012, he became embroiled in the "UK Cash-for-Access" scandal which ultimately forced his resignation as co-treasurer. The Sunday Times reported that Cruddas, in exchange for sizable donations, offered exclusive dinners with prime minister David Cameron and the chancellor George Osborne. The reporters Jonathan Calvert and Heidi Blake had secretly filmed Cruddas stating that for a donation of £250,000 he would arrange "premier league" access to the government leaders, such as an invitation to dinners at Cameron's apartment in Downing Street, where the donor would "pick up a lot of information", pose "practically any question" or advance their interests if "unhappy about something". The undercover journalists were introduced to Cruddas by Sarah Southern, a lobbyist who is David Cameron's former aide, and secured themselves a two-hour private meeting. The reporters posed as overseas financiers and claimed that their clients intended to buy distressed government assets and wanted to make political connections. Cruddas publicly apologised, stating that his claims were mere "bluster" and he lacked the authority to sway policy or guarantee outcomes for financial backers. In July 2012, it became known that Cruddas was suing The Sunday Times for libel over its coverage of him. Initially, he appeared triumphant, securing £180,000 in damages on 31 July. However, in March 2015, all three judges of an appeal court ruled that the central allegation of the ''Sunday Times's'' story – that Cruddas had corruptly offered to potential donors access to leading members of the government – was supported by the evidence. While other related claims in the article remained unsubstantiated and defamatory, the judges cut the libel award from £180,000 to £50,000. Brexit Cruddas, a prominent Eurosceptic, was one of the most generous supporters of Brexit. As co-treasurer of the Vote Leave campaign, he was the first high-profile figure to announce a major donation, contributing £1 million in November 2015. Despite Cruddas's role in the pro-Brexit campaign, CMC Markets highlighted potential risks associated with Brexit in its prospectus. The document raised concerns about the financial and operational impacts of the UK leaving the EU. In total, Cruddas donated £1.5 million to the official Vote Leave campaign. 2013 – present In June 2019, Sky News reported that Cruddas donated £50,000 to Boris Johnson's Conservative leadership campaign. During the 2022 Conservative leadership election, following the resignation of Boris Johnson, Cruddas led a campaign to reinstate Johnson as a candidate. He stated the governmental mass resignations leading to Johnson's resignation had been "anti-democratic to the party and to the electorate". He went on to found and preside over the Conservative Democratic Organisation, a pro-Johnson faction established in December 2022, purporting to seek greater representation of the party's membership in its governance. In August 2022, Cruddas threatened to cut off funding to the Conservatives unless they changed their constitution and reduced the power of the 1922 Committee of backbench MPs. In June 2024, Baron Peter Cruddas, a Conservative peer and former party donor, shared several social media posts supporting Nigel Farage and the Reform UK party. An analysis by The Guardian revealed that out of his most recent 100 retweets on Twitter, 48 were in favour of Reform UK and Farage, while 12 criticised the Conservative Party and its government. Among his retweets was a post by Arron Banks claiming that "those who continue to support the Conservative Party are not patriots." Peerage In 2020, under prime minister Boris Johnson, Cruddas was nominated for a peerage, despite the House of Lords Appointments Commission explicitly stating it could not support his nomination. Johnson dismissed this advice, thus becoming the first prime minister ever to defy the commission's guidance. In a public letter to Lord Bew, the commission's chair, Johnson sought to justify his decision by referencing Cruddas's "outstanding contributions" to charity and his "long track of committed political service." The Guardian reported that Cruddas had donated more than £3.5 million to the Conservative Party since 2010, including a £500,000 donation delivered three days after he took his seat in the upper chamber in February 2021. The historian Lord Lexden described the nomination of Peter Cruddas as "the worst honours scandal in a century". On 27 January 2021, Cruddas assumed the title Baron Cruddas, of Shoreditch in the London Borough of Hackney. He made his maiden speech on 12 March 2021 in response to the budget statement. By 2023, The New Statesman named Cruddas the 38th most powerful right-wing British political figure for his financial ability to shape the Conservative Party's future. == Charity ==
Charity
Cruddas has stated he has pledged a total of £100m to charitable causes. As of 2010, Cruddas was the largest individual donor to the Duke of Edinburgh Award International Association. In 2011, The Independent ranked Cruddas as the fourth most generous philanthropist in its giving list. Cruddas supported the Great Ormond Street Hospital. He also supported the Royal Opera House and The Royal Ballet, and after becoming a member of the Chairman's Circle, in March 2012 was invited to become a Trustee and join the Board of the Royal Opera House By June 2011, he had resigned from the Prince's Trust, stepping back from one of his public philanthropic roles. Previously, Cruddas served as a Trustee for the Prince's Trust starting in March 2009. In 2008, the Peter Cruddas Foundation contributed £1 million to support the Trust's Enterprise Programme in Wales. ==Personal life==
Personal life
Cruddas has four children, two from each marriage. From 2001 to 2009, he resided in Monaco, commuting daily from an apartment on Avenue des Spélugues to London City Airport. In a 2011 interview, he stated he owned "a £10m apartment in Monaco, a £5m house in Hertfordshire, a house in Antibes, a yacht and a private jet." Cruddas also owns the very first Rolls-Royce Wraith Kryptos. In 2018 he was reported to have been a regular attendee of the Presidents Club Charity Dinner. In January 2026, The Times included Cruddas in its annual Tax List ranking the UK's biggest taxpayers, estimating that he paid £29.4 million in UK tax. ==See also==
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