PSA TU engine

The TU9 was the entry-level version, used in a variety of cars including the Citroën AX, Saxo, Peugeot 205 and 106. It had a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . Power was initially , but it was increased to in 1992, with the adoption of central fuel injection and a catalytic converter. Production was stopped in the Citroën Saxo and Peugeot 106 with the introduction of Euro III in 2001. Early versions of this engine suffered premature piston failure which were of a special fuel-saving low-friction design. Symptoms were piston slap, especially with a cold engine, excessive oil consumption and exhaust smoke. PSA repaired the affected vehicles under warranty. This involved fitting a revised piston design and replacement liners. ==TU1==

The TU1 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . Power was initially , but it was increased to in 1992, with the adoption of central fuel injection and a catalytic converter. The introduction of Euro III led to the adoption of multi point injection, but power remained the same (although there was a small torque increase). This engine was the entry-level option in the Citroën C2 and C3 and Peugeot 206. ==TU2==

There are two engines in this series, both developed for competition use, the first is carburettor fed (TU24) based on the TU1 and the second has electronic fuel injection (TU2) based on the TU3. The TU24 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . Power was initially , powering the Citroën AX Sport using Solex carburettors, but a slightly more powerful version of the TU24 was developed for the Peugeot 205 Rallye with a longer intake manifold and slightly larger venturi size in the Weber carburetors. The later TU2 version with was created in 1992 for the Peugeot 106 Rallye, with the adoption of a Magneti Marelli fuel injection system and a catalytic converter. This version in the 106 Rallye uses the taller TU3 aluminium block, different con rod lengths and pistons. The aluminium heads also differ slightly in port location and with different camshafts. ==TU3==

The TU3 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . This engine has been one of the most used by the PSA Group, with applications in superminis, compacts and midsize cars, including a stint in competition use in the Citroën AX GT Cup and the Citroën AX GTI Cup, held in many European countries throughout the early 1990s in both circuit racing and rallying. In its early years, it was available with either a single or double barrel carburettor, with fuel injection introduced in 1990 for the AX GTI and 106 XSi, capable of delivering at 6600 rpm. The carburettor versions gave way to fuel injection in 1992, while the sports version was retired in 1996. ==ET3==

A DOHC 16-valve version of the 1360 cc TU3 with variable valve timing was introduced in 2004 with the Peugeot 206 Quiksilver Edition. However, this version was named ET3, possibly as a prelude for the new PSA/BMW Prince engine family. ==TU5/EC5==

The TU5 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . It was initially available in 8- and 16-valve configuration, but only the DOHC 16V option remains. The block is made of cast iron and the head is aluminium. Power is in most current applications, the same as the DV6 1.6 L Diesel engine, although a sporty version was used to power the Citroën C2 VTS. The TU5 has been used in motorsports by both Citroën and Peugeot. This engine (JP+ version) was also installed in the Yugo Florida from 2002 until 2008. The latest application is in the Citroën C-Elysée and Peugeot 301 where it is renamed "EC5". For the Chinese market the engine is named N6A 10FXA3A PSA and produces . TU5 JP+ (NFV) and TU5 JP/L4 (NFT) are almost same engines, but with slight differences. == TUD3==

The TUD3 was the diesel variant of the TU3 and shared that engine's displacement as well as the bore and stroke of . An indirect injection diesel with mechanical pump (Bosch or Lucas variants depending on model and year). It initially used the alloy cylinder block of the TU3 with stronger wet liners. This was thus called TUD3. This engine was particularly prone to early head gasket failure. In the early Citroën AX14D a few engines were needing gasket replacement before the first service. Most TUD3 engines required attention at some point. Built from 1988 until 1994, it was replaced by the larger, iron-block TUD5 in which these issues were resolved. ;Applications: • Citroën AX 14D – 1988–1994 • Citroën ZX 1.4 D – 1996–1998 (Portugal only) • Peugeot 106 1.4 D – 1995–2004 • Rover Metro 1.4 D – 1992–1994 == TUD5==

The larger TUD5 arrived in 1994; it displaces from a bore and a stroke of . It had a stronger iron block, coupled with an alloy cylinder head. An indirect injection diesel engine with Ricardo "Advanced Comet" pre-combustion chamber design, it was only ever offered in naturally aspirated form, and used a Lucas LPD injector pump. Aside from PSA products, this engine was also used by Nissan, Rover, Maruti Suzuki, Tata, and was installed in the Lada Samara for the French importer Poch. Power was up to at 5,000 rpm, with maximum torque of at 2,250 rpm. ;Applications (PSA): • Citroën AX 1.5 D – 1994–1997 • Citroën Saxo 1.5 D – 1996–2003 • Citroën ZX 1.5 D – 1996–1998 (Portugal only) • Citroën Xsara 1.5 D – 1997–2000 (Portugal only) • Peugeot 106 1.5 D – 1995–2004 ;Applications (others): • Lada Samara – 1995–1998 (installed in circa 3,000 examples by FMA Automobiles for , the French Lada importer) • Maruti Esteem D/Di – ??–2005 • Maruti Suzuki Zen 1.5 D – 1998–200? • Mega Club Break – 1994–1998 • Nissan Micra 1.5 D (K11) – 1998–2002 • Rover 115 D – 1994–1998 ==See also==