Le Cordon Bleu

holding the Blue Ribbon with the Order of the Holy Spirit. The origin of the school name derives, indirectly, from the French Royal and Catholic Order of the Holy Spirit. This was a select group of the French nobility that had been knighted. The first creation of Royal Knights at the French Court was performed in 1578. The French Order of the Holy Spirit was for many centuries the highest distinction of the French Kingdom. Each member was awarded the Cross of the Holy Spirit, which hung from a blue silk ribbon. According to one story, this group became known for its extravagant and luxurious banquets, known as "cordons bleus". At the time, of the French Revolution, the monarchy and the Order were abolished, but the name remained synonymous with excellent French cooking. By the nineteenth century the blue ribbon had become synonymous with excellence. The magazine began offering lessons by some of the best chefs in France. The magazine developed into the original Le Cordon Bleu that Distel and Henri-Paul Pellaprat established in 1895 in Paris, France. Brassart managed the school until 1984; at the age of 87 she retired and sold the school to André J. Cointreau, a direct descendant of the founding family of Cointreau liqueur and Rémy Martin Cognac. ==Other countries==

In 1933, former student Dione Lucas helped to open a school under the Le Cordon Bleu name in London, Great Britain. In the United States, 16 schools used to operate under the "Le Cordon Bleu North America" name through a licensing agreement with Career Education Corporation (CEC), a for-profit education company based in Chicago, Illinois. In 2014, Le Cordon Bleu North America generated $178.6 million in revenue and $70.6 million of operating losses. However, in light of the gainful employment rules implemented by the US Department of Education in 2015, CEC made the decision to sell the 16 campuses. When CEC failed to find a buyer it announced on 16 December 2015 that all 16 campuses in the United States would close by September 2017, giving enrolled students time to finish their programs. The last new students were accepted in January 2016. Le Cordon Bleu has continued to maintain a presence in the United States through its New York office, Le Cordon Bleu Inc., which places students in the locations abroad. Cities with schools ;Campuses in Europe • Paris, France • London, Great Britain • Madrid, Spain • Istanbul, Turkey ;Campuses in the Americas • Brazil • Rio de Janeiro • São Paulo • Ottawa, Ontario, Canada • Mexico • Mexico City • Tampico • Lima, Peru • New York City, United States ;Campuses in Oceania • Australia • Adelaide • Brisbane • Melbourne • Sydney • Wellington, New Zealand ;Campuses in Asia • Shanghai, China • Beirut, Lebanon • Gurgaon, India • Tokyo, Japan • Seoul, Korea • Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia • Kaohsiung, Taiwan • Bangkok, Thailand • Manila, Philippines == In popular culture ==

Le Cordon Bleu played a central role in the 2009 American film Julie & Julia, which was partly based on Julia Child's memoir My Life in France. In addition, central protagonists in other films attended or were graduates of Le Cordon Bleu such as Audrey Hepburn's character in the 1954 American film Sabrina, Huo Ting En in the 2017 Taiwanese television series The Perfect Match, Dev D in the 2017 Bengali film Maacher Jhol and Hervé Villechaize's character Nick Nack in the 1974 James Bond film The Man with the Golden Gun. The school also plays a central role in publications by its students. For example, American writer Kathleen Flinn's 2007 book The Sharper Your Knife, the Less You Cry, is the first insider's account of attending the modern Paris flagship school. Flinn's best-selling memoir recounts the day-to-day trials of the contemporary program and provides a further history of the school. The book was translated into several languages. ==Alumni==

• Alumni of the Paris location include Julia Child, Csaba dalla Zorza, Giada De Laurentiis, Isabel Campabadal, Dame Mary Berry, Gastón Acurio, Teresa Ocampo, Renatta Moeloek, Jesselyn Lauwreen, Gabie Kook, Eudes Assis, and Shahrzad Shokouhivand. • Alumni of the Los Angeles location include David Burtka, Kelis and Sicily Sewell. • Alumni of the Pasadena location include Charity Morgan and Evan Funke. • Alumni of the London location include Princess Marie-Astrid of Liechtenstein ==See also==