Losing My Religion

The R.E.M. guitarist, Peter Buck, wrote the main riff and chorus for "Losing My Religion" on a mandolin. He had recently bought it and was learning how to play, recording as he practiced while watching television. Buck said that "when I listened back to it the next day, there was a bunch of stuff that was really just me learning how to play mandolin, and then there's what became 'Losing My Religion', and then a whole bunch more of me learning to play the mandolin". He said he likely would not have written the chord progression in the same way had he not played it on mandolin. In July 1990, R.E.M. recorded a demo version with the working title "Sugar Cane" in a studio in Athens, Georgia, featuring banjo and Hammond organ. Mike Mills wrote a bassline inspired by the Fleetwood Mac bassist John McVie. Buck said, "It was really cool: Peter and I would be in our little booth, sweating away, and Bill and Mike would be out there in the other room going at it. It just had a really magical feel." The strings, arranged by Mark Bingham, were performed by members of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra at Soundscape Studios in Atlanta, Georgia, in October 1990. ==Composition and lyrics==

"Losing My Religion" is in natural minor. It is based on Buck's mandolin part, which he said echoed the theme from the 1983 film Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence. Buck said, "The verses are the kinds of things R.E.M. uses a lot, going from one minor to another, kind [of] like those 'Driver 8' chords. You can't really say anything bad about E minor, A minor, D, and G ... We are trying to get away from those kind of songs, but like I said before, those are some good chords." Stipe said the song was about romantic expression and unrequited love. The lines "That's me in the corner / That's me in the spotlight" were originally "That's me in the corner / That's me in the kitchen", describing a person at a social event too shy to approach the person they like. Stipe compared the theme to "Every Breath You Take" (1983) by the Police, saying, "It's just a classic obsession pop song. I've always felt the best kinds of songs are the ones where anybody can listen to it, put themselves in it and say, 'Yeah, that's me.'" ==Music video==

. The music video for "Losing My Religion" was directed by the Indian filmmaker Tarsem Singh. Unlike previous R.E.M. videos, Stipe agreed to lip-sync the lyrics. The video begins inside a dark room where water drips from an open window. Recreating a scene from the Andrei Tarkovsky film The Sacrifice, Buck, Berry, and Mills run across the room while Stipe remains seated as a pitcher of milk drops from the windowsill and shatters. The video originated as a combination of ideas envisioned by Stipe and Singh. Stipe wanted a straightforward performance video, akin to Sinéad O'Connor's "Nothing Compares 2 U". Singh wanted to create a video in the style of a certain type of Indian filmmaking, where everything would be "melodramatic and very dreamlike", according to Stipe. Singh said the video was modeled after the Gabriel García Márquez short story "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings", in which an angel crashes into a town and the villagers have varied reactions to him. He also drew inspiration from the Italian painter Caravaggio, and the video uses religious imagery such as Saint Sebastian, the Biblical episode of the Incredulity of Thomas, and Hindu deities, portrayed in a series of tableaux. The actor Wade Dominguez appears in the video. The "Losing My Religion" video was nominated in nine categories at the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards and won for Video of the Year, Best Group Video, Breakthrough Video, Best Art Direction, Best Direction, and Best Editing. It ranked second in the music video category of the 1991 Pazz & Jop poll. ==Release and promotion==

"Losing My Religion" was released on February 19, 1991, in the United States as the lead single from R.E.M.'s album Out of Time. Warner Bros. worked to establish "Losing My Religion" at campus, modern rock, and album-oriented rock radio stations before promoting it to American Top 40 stations, where it became a success. According to one program director, "Losing My Religion" was "a hard record to program; you can't play L.L. Cool J behind it. But it's a real pop record—you can dance to it." He said it "crosses the boundaries of just being an alternative record". "Losing My Religion" became R.E.M.'s biggest hit in the US, reaching No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. It stayed on the chart for 21 weeks. It topped the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart for three weeks and the Modern Rock Tracks chart for eight weeks, the best performance of any R.E.M. song on either chart. It reached number 19 on the UK singles chart, No. 16 in Canada and No. 11 in Australia. Asked if he was worried the success might alienate older fans, Buck told Rolling Stone, "The people that changed their minds because of 'Losing My Religion' can just kiss my ass." Mills said R.E.M. understood they had a worldwide hit when they heard it on local radio in the jungle of Paraguay. Years later, Mills said: "Without 'Losing My Religion', Out of Time would have sold two or three million [copies], instead of the ten [million copies] or so it did. But the phenomenon that is a worldwide hit is an odd thing to behold. Basically that record was a hit in almost every civilised country in the world." ==Reception==

Caren Myers from Melody Maker named the song "Single of the Week", writing that it "occupies a smaller, more intimate space, delicately picking a path with mandolins and acoustic guitars, soothed by the mournful sweep of a string section. Deceptive echoes of 'World Leader Pretend' dissolve on second listen as the song wraps itself around the impossibility of communication with glancing but painful accuracy. Stipe's writing is getting sparser and more intense, riddled with oblique insights but unwilling to point out where. This is R.E.M. at their most tender and unsettling, Stipe's careworn voice filled with inexplicable sadness, but as warm and familiar as ever." A reviewer from Music & Media wrote: "Hearing such a beautiful song with a striking mandolin arrangement, provides an ample religious substitute." Terry Staunton from NME found that it "is likely to be read as self-reflection on R.E.M.'s position in the worldwide musical scheme of things, doubt and discomfort at the prospect of unwanted disciples". Parry Gettelman from Orlando Sentinel wrote that R.E.M. had returned to its "trademark jangle", and that "Stipe touches again on what seems to be ambivalence about his role as a pop star, and about the need to communicate with an audience". David Fricke from Rolling Stone felt that "there is melancholy in the air: in the doleful strings and teardrop mandolin". Celia Farber from Spin praised it as "a gorgeous, gorgeous song" and said "I actually get a hot/cold flash and have to play the song about 30 more times" when she hears the opening lyrics. "Losing My Religion" placed second in the Village Voice Pazz & Jop annual critics' poll, behind Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit". At the 1992 Grammy Awards, it earned several nominations, including Record of the Year and Song of the Year, and won for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals and Best Short Form Music Video. In 2007, VH1 named it the ninth-best song of the 90s, and in 2009, Blender ranked it No. 79 on its list of the "500 Greatest Songs Since You Were Born". The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it in its 2004 list of "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll". In 2004, Rolling Stone listed "Losing My Religion" at No. 169 on its list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time", writing that "never before had Michael Stipe sounded so vulnerable, yearning, and articulate". It ranked it at No. 112 in its updated 2024 list. ==Personnel==

Personnel are adapted from the Out of Time liner notes, except where noted. R.E.M. • Bill Berry – drums, percussion • Peter Buck – mandolin, electric guitar • Mike Mills – bass guitar, backing vocals, string synthesizer and arrangement • Michael Stipe – lead vocals Additional musician • Peter Holsapple – acoustic guitar Strings • Mark Bingham – string arrangements • David Arenz – violin • Ellie Arenz – violin • David Braitberg – violin • Andrew Cox – cello • Reid Harris – viola • Ralph Jones – double bass • Dave Kempers – violin • Elizabeth Murphy – cello • Paul Murphy – viola • Jay Weigel – orchestral liaison ==Track listing==

All songs were written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills, and Michael Stipe except where noted. 7-inch • "Losing My Religion" – 4:29 • "Rotary Eleven" – 2:32 12-inch and compact disc • "Losing My Religion" – 4:29 • "Rotary Eleven" – 2:32 • "After Hours" (Lou Reed) (Live)1 – 2:08 '''UK "Collector's Edition" CD one''' • "Losing My Religion" – 4:29 • "Stand" (Live)1 – 3:21 • "Turn You Inside-Out" (Live)1 – 4:23 • "World Leader Pretend" (Live)1 – 4:24 '''UK "Collector's Edition" CD two''' • "Losing My Religion" – 4:29 • "Fretless" – 4:51 • "Losing My Religion" (Live acoustic version/Rockline) – 4:38 • "Rotary Eleven" – 2:32 Notes • 1. Taken from the live performance video, Tourfilm. ==Charts==

Weekly charts Year-end charts ==Certifications==

Italian metal band Graveworm covered the song on their 2003 album Engraved in Black. Finn Hudson (Cory Monteith) covered the song in the 2010 Glee episode "Grilled Cheesus". The song reached number 60 in the US on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 47 on the Canadian Hot 100. Tori Amos recorded a cover version which appeared in the film Higher Learning. Italian band Lacuna Coil covered the song on their 2012 album Dark Adrenaline. American heavy metal band Trivium covered the song on their 2013 album Vengeance Falls. Canadian singer-songwriter Dan Mangan covered the song on his 2020 album Thief. Hootie & the Blowfish covered the song for the 2020 reissue of their 2019 album Imperfect Circle. In a 2020 interview, guitarist Mark Bryan emphasized how influential R.E.M. had been in the band's development. ==References==