In the 1890s, the then
Sunderland chairman and his brother decided to build a bigger ground for the club, to replace what was then the club's current ground at
Newcastle Road. The club had negotiated to buy farmland that belonged to a Mr. Tennant and part of the agreement was that Sunderland would have to build a house on the site as well as their new stadium. Until this house was built, Sunderland still had to pay rent on the land. Within a year of the land being bought, Roker Park had been built, with the wooden stands only taking three months to build. The Clock Stand had 32 steps, no seats and a
crush barrier for safety. The turf was brought from Ireland, and lasted for 38 years. The pitch was designed to have a slight drop of about one foot from the centre of the pitch to each corner to help with drainage. The first event at the ground was an "Olympic Games and Band Contest" on 12 August 1898. On 10 September 1898, Roker Park was officially opened by
Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry. The first match was a friendly against
Liverpool which Sunderland won 1–0, with
Jim Leslie scoring the stadium's first ever goal. The stadium soon became famous for what was often referred to as the "Roker Roar", with then
Tottenham and
Northern Ireland captain
Danny Blanchflower writing that “Nothing ever equalled the intensity of that wild roar at Roker Park”. The Roker End was concreted in 1912, and by 1913 the capacity had risen to 50,000. In 1929 the old wooden grandstand was demolished and replaced by a new Main Stand, which was designed by
Archibald Leitch, whose influence, the criss-cross lattice work, can still be seen at
Ibrox (
Rangers),
Home Park (
Plymouth Argyle) and
Goodison Park (
Everton). Fragments of the iconic lattice work would later be used to separate parts of the car park at the
Stadium of Light. The work on the new Main Stand nearly bankrupted the club. By this time the official capacity of Roker Park was 60,000 but at some matches they would have crowds as large as 75,000. More work continued in the 1930s and in 1936 the Clock Stand was rebuilt. The 114 m (375 ft) long structure was officially opened by Lady Raine, whose husband was Sir Walter Raine, the Chairman of Sunderland AFC at the time. lattice work from the Main Stand now form part of the car park at the
Stadium of Light. In 1943, during the
Second World War, a bomb landed in the middle of the pitch and another nearby killed a policeman. In 1952, Roker Park was fitted with floodlights, being only the second ground in the country to do so after
Arsenal's
Highbury. The lights were only a temporary addition, and were replaced by permanent structures at the end of the season after proving to be a success. When England hosted the
1966 World Cup, improvements were made to the Clock Stand, involving the addition of seats, and a roof over the Fulwell End. Temporary seating was also installed in the Fulwell End. The capacity of Roker Park during the World Cup was 40,310. In 1955, Roker Park hosted an
FA Cup semi-final replay, between (eventual winners)
Newcastle United and
York City, who were then in the third tier of English football. Newcastle won the game 2–0 in front of a crowd of 55,239. Sunderland were in the other semi-final, but lost 1–0 to
Manchester City. During the 1970s, there were even more improvements to Roker Park. These improvements included installing underground sprinklers, upgrading the floodlights to European Standard Lux Value, installing electronic crowd monitoring systems, and re-sheeting the roof. In the 1980s, with a downturn in the club's fortunes (which included a season in the
Football League Third Division), Roker Park started to decline. The capacity was severely reduced following the report in the
Hillsborough Disaster of 1989, with the Roker End suffering the most. In the early 1990s, new
Football Association (FA) rules following the publication of the
Taylor Report meant the stadium would have to have been upgraded to all-seater status, which would have consisted of a much smaller capacity than the sort of attendances that Sunderland could expect, as they had played in the penultimate
First Division campaign (
1990–91 season) before the creation of the
Premier League and were aiming for a swift return to the top flight (although promotion was ultimately not achieved until the
1995–96 season). The site was too confined for expansion so chairman
Bob Murray decided to look for a site for a new stadium. In 1992, plans were unveiled to build a 48,000-seat stadium near the
Nissan car factory in
Washington, which would be part of a mega leisure complex, but
Nissan objected to such a site being developed near their factory. Instead, five years later in 1997, Sunderland moved to the
Stadium of Light, in nearby
Monkwearmouth, on the site of the closed Monkwearmouth Colliery. The 1996–97 season was the last at Roker Park, which was also Sunderland's first ever season in the
Premier League, ending in relegation for the club. The last competitive match at the ground was a 3–0 victory over
Everton. Roker Park was also one of the most recent venues in the Premier League to feature standing accommodation. The only team to have had standing accommodation at its stadium since was
Fulham, who still had terracing at
Craven Cottage for one season after winning promotion in 2001, after which they ground-shared with
QPR at
Loftus Road for two seasons before returning to an all-seater Craven Cottage. In a special ceremony after the final farewell game (coincidentally, also a 1–0 win against
Liverpool, in which Sunderland midfielder
John Mullin scored the stadium's final goal at the Fulwell End),
Charlie Hurley (voted the club's Player of the Century) dug up the centre spot of the ground for it to be planted at the new stadium. Following the move to the
Stadium of Light, Roker Park was demolished and in its place was built a housing estate. To commemorate Roker Park, the streets were named Promotion Close, Clockstand Close, Goalmouth Close, Midfield Drive, Turnstile Mews and Roker Park Close. ==Fan reactions to the move==