The name "Ronkonkoma" comes from the nearby
Lake Ronkonkoma, which in turn comes from an
Algonquian expression meaning "boundary fishing-lake", also earlier written as "Raconkumake" and "Raconkamuck." Ronkonkoma was the terminus of the first road in the United States designed exclusively for automobiles, the
Vanderbilt Motor Parkway, constructed by a consortium of investors called the Long Island Motor Parkway, Inc.; the consortium was led by
William Kissam Vanderbilt II. In May 1943, Long Island MacArthur Airport – located within the hamlet – was activated. The Town of Islip announced plans in 2025 to construct a new passenger terminal on the north side of the town-owned airport, adjacent – and connected – to the
Ronkonkoma LIRR station. In 1982, the
Town of Islip Foreign Trade Zone – located adjacent to MacArthur Airport – opened. It is a
magnet site for Foreign Trade Zone 52 and, as of 2026, is the only designated
foreign trade zone on Long Island outside of
New York City. Since 1988, the community has been the end of electrification along the
Long Island Rail Road's
Main Line. The portion of the Main Line between the
Hicksville and Ronkonkoma stations is known as the
Ronkonkoma Branch. This development project, known as also known as Station Yards, would spur economic development on both sides of the tracks, in Ronkonkoma and Lake Ronkonkoma. As of 2026, the total cost of the project is expected to be approximately $1.2 billion. ==Geography==