He was born on August 7, 1835, to Nathan Monroe Flower and Mary Ann Flower, the sixth of nine children. As a youth, he worked in odd jobs, which enabled him to cover the cost of his education at a local village school. He graduated from high school in 1851, and for a short period thereafter he worked as a teacher in a district school. In 1853, he became Deputy Postmaster of
Watertown, New York, at a salary of $600 a year, and after six years had saved $1,000 and opened with a partner a jewelry store. Two years later, he bought his partner out and continued in this business until 1869. In 1869,
Henry Keep, a former President of the
New York Central Railroad, was dying and asked Roswell Flower, whose wife was a sister of Keep's wife Emma, to manage the $4,000,000 estate for his widow. Flower asked Keep for guidance on who he could trust and named a business associate,
Daniel Drew. Keep replied, "He is as honest a man as there is in the State of New York, but for fear that somebody else will cheat, he will always begin first." The business brought Flower to
New York City where he became known as a shrewd financial administrator and opened the banking house of R. P. Flower & Co. He was elected as a
Democrat to the
47th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of
Levi P. Morton upon his appointment as
Minister to France, and served from November 8, 1881, to March 3, 1883. He was also elected to the
51st and
52nd United States Congresses, and served from March 4, 1889, to September 16, 1891, when he resigned upon his nomination for governor. He was Governor of New York from 1892 to 1894, elected in
1891, the last one to serve a three-year term. During his term, he signed into law the creation of the
City of Niagara Falls. In the years after his term as governor, Flower gained a reputation as a canny investor and attracted the attention of traders and investors from all over the United States. As a result of this strong following, Flower possessed an extraordinary capability to influence market sentiment. His aggressive move on
Brooklyn Rapid Transit drove the share price of this company from $6 to over $130 a share in a relatively short period of time. The dramatic rise of this stock was widely credited with triggering the bull market that ran from 1898 to 1899. Flower was Chairman of the
Cornell University Board of Trustees from 1897 to his death in 1899. Flower was president of the
New York State Agricultural Society in 1899. He died of a
heart attack on May 12, 1899, in
Eastport, New York, at the Long Island Country Clubhouse. His death disrupted the planned purchase by a consortium of investors, including Flower and
William Henry Moore, of the steel-related holdings of
Andrew Carnegie about a year and a half before
J. P. Morgan purchased the same interests in the deal that formed
U.S. Steel. ==Legacy==