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Roundhay

Roundhay is a large suburb in north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Roundhay had a population of 22,546 in 2011.

History
Etymology Roundhay's name derives from Old French rond 'round' and the Old English word (ge)hæg 'enclosure', denoting a round hunting enclosure or deer park. The Roundhay estate map of 1803 showed its circular shape. 12th century Roundhay does not appear in the Domesday Book of 1086, but seems to have been formed soon afterwards, the first mention being in about 1153. in the ancient parish of Barwick in Elmet, except for a small area in the east around Roundhay Grange (originally a grange of Kirkstall Abbey), which was a detached part of the township of Shadwell in the parish of Thorner. Roundhay was a hamlet until 1803 when the park estate was bought by Thomas Nicholson who started a programme of landscaping and built the Mansion House. Housing was built for workers and more land sold on which other gentry built houses. After the road was built the population increased from 84 in 1801 to 186 in 1822, mainly in grand houses for wealthier citizens of Leeds. City of Leeds In 1872, Roundhay Park estate was purchased by the City of Leeds and opened as a public park by His Royal Highness Prince Arthur on 19 September 1872. At the time, there was much opposition as many considered the park was too far out of Leeds for the majority of the population to enjoy, and the park had just one access road and led to the park being dubbed a 'white elephant' in its early years. However, there was interest in developing housing, and a suburb began to develop around Lidgett Park. Development was accelerated in 1884 by the provision of a horse-drawn public omnibus service between Leeds and Roundhay Park, then a horse-drawn tram and, on 11 November 1891, the first public electric tram service, which by 1894 provided a quarter-hourly service from 6 a.m. 20th century In 1901, a second Anglican Church and in 1902 a Congregational Church were established to provide worship within walking distance for the new working class population. Lidgett Park Wesleyan Church followed in 1906. First World War During the First World War, Roundhay was used as a gathering place for soldiers, hence land by Prince's Avenue is known as Soldiers Field. After the war, new estates were built to the south and west of the park. Roundhay School for Boys was opened in 1926, and the School for Girls in 1932. After the Second World War housing filled available spaces, with smaller residences built in the grounds of larger ones, and large converted to flats. ==Country estates==
Country estates
Roundhay Park Mansion In 1811, John Clarke (died 1857) of York, architect of the Commercial Buildings in Leeds city centre, was commissioned by Thomas Nicholson to design the Mansion House. Formally known as Roundhay Park Mansion, the large mansion was built in ashlar stone in classical Georgian style; of two storeys with seven bays, the centre three set behind an iron portico. Thomas's son, Stephen Nicholson Esq., inherited the house and became the Lord of the Manor of Roundhay. Roundhay township's 1,467 acres were recorded in 1842 as being "mostly the property of Stephen Nicholson". Elmete Hall Like Roundhay Park Mansion (), Elmete Hall (1865) and Beechwood () are also Grade II listed and feature in J. Thorp's map. Elmete Hall was first built as Roundhay Lodge for the Nicholson family of Roundhay Park Mansion. In 1865, the lodge was rebuilt by architects Charles Roberts Chorley (1829–1912) and John (or Jeremiah) Dobson in the Victorian style for James Kitson (1807–1885). The estate consisted of 65 acres. James Kitson was the father of James Kitson, 1st Baron Airedale and was also a Mayor of Leeds (1860–62) and friend of George Stephenson. Kitson's son, John Hawthorn Kitson (1843–1899) inherited Elmete Hall. It was later bought by Bertram J. Redman, who did further improvements to it as well as planning out an up-to-date garden on the west terrace. For over two decades from 1957, Elmete Hall was used as a school and hostel for the deaf and was renovated in 2007. In 2025, the building houses a number of offices. Beechwood Beechwood was originally known as Goodman House and was built () for Benjamin Goodman (1763–1848) whose son, Sir George Goodman inherited it. It is a late Georgian structure. It was described in 2023 as set in an "attractive parkland setting". Lupton House is a large Victorian wing attached to Beechwood and is named after the Lupton family. The family of Olive Middleton (née Lupton), the great-grandmother of Catherine, Princess of Wales, acquired the estate after George's death and named it Beechwood. The family owned Beechwood from 1860, selling the mansion itself in 1998. However, in 2023, the great-nephews and niece of Olive Middleton's first cousins, spinster sisters Elinor and Elizabeth Lupton, still owned some of the estate which was originally around 200 acres of farmland. Olive Middleton's unmarried sister, Anne Lupton lived for at time at Beechwood which later became a college for the co-operative movement and then offices. Elinor and Elizabeth Lupton remained at Beechwood until their deaths in the late 1970s, before which they had placed a protective covenant on Asket Hill, part of the estate that they wished to be preserved for nature. The sisters ran a rare breed goat farm at Beechwood and regularly opened their gardens to the public during the 1940s and 50s. Scottish architect George Corson designed a large wing known today as Corson House at Beechwood. In 1873, Corson won a competition to design a number of substantial villas along Park Avenue – "the jewel in Leed's crown" – and West Avenue on the fringe of Roundhay Park. The villas were built on plots of an acre or more with separate coach houses, stables and servants' quarters at the back so as not to be seen from the park. Woodlands Hall (known originally as Roundhay Mount and later as Carr Head), Parc Mont and several other mansions along Park Avenue are architecturally significant. ==Roundhay Park==
Roundhay Park
Roundhay Park comprises parkland, lakes and woodland. The park has scented gardens for the blind, National Plant Collections, Canal Gardens, the Monet and Alhambra Gardens and Tropical World which attracts visitors all year round. In 2005 the Friends' Garden was opened, alongside Canal Gardens and the Rainbow Garden. Woodpeckers, common warblers in spring and summer, mute swans, visiting whooper swans, great-crested grebes and herons can be found at the park. The Upper Lake is maintained as a wildlife area, and the larger Waterloo Lake is used for fishing. Roundhay Park provides the venue for special events including sporting events, flower and animal shows, music festivals and a bonfire and firework display on 5 November, (Guy Fawkes Night). Facilities include tennis courts, skateboard ramps, sports pitches, bowling greens, a sports arena, a golf course and fishing. A cafe overlooking Waterloo Lake was damaged by fire in 2007 but restored and re-opened in 2008. Roundhay Park was the first location an aircraft landed in Leeds, after a flight from Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The Park late had an aerodrome with one of the earliest air passenger services comprising regular flights every half hour to Bradford. Aircraft were manufactured at the nearby Olympia aircraft works opened by Robert Blackburn in 1914. The aerodrome operated until 1920. The factory continued until the 1960s, the previous factory site now being occupied by a large Tesco supermarket. Tropical World is located to the west of the park and contains many rare birds and butterflies. The park has hosted numerous outdoor concerts including Michael Jackson, The Rolling Stones, Bruce Springsteen, U2, Robbie Williams and Ed Sheeran. ==Sport and culture==
Sport and culture
The Leeds Tykes rugby union club was founded after the merger of the Headingley and Roundhay clubs. Roundhegians RFC was the old boys' association of Roundhay School but now operates as a rugby club for the whole of Roundhay. The club plays at Chelwood Drive at the west end of Roundhay, near Moortown. Leeds Golf Club "Cobble Hall" as it is more affectionately known locally is situated on the edge of Roundhay park it has The Leeds Cup – The Oldest Trophy in Professional Golf Worldwide. The famous golf architect Doctor Alastair MacKenzie was a member of Leeds Golf Club between 1900 and 1910. There is also Roundhay Golf Club within Roundhay Park which is reputably designed by Dr MacKenzie and has a restaurant ("Del Verde"). ==Amenities==
Amenities
The area is served by First West Yorkshire circular services 2 (via Chapel Allerton) and 12 (via Harehills) from Leeds city centre. These operate at a 10–15 minute frequency during the daytime on weekdays and Saturdays, and 30 minute frequency on evenings. Daytime frequency on Sundays is 30 minutes also. The closest main line rail station is Leeds (approx ). == Housing ==
Housing
Roundhay has a wide variety of housing. There is a mixture of Victorian through terraces, villas and 20th-century detached and semi detached housing. Because there has never been any mass house building in Roundhay at any one time, there is no consistent style throughout the area. There are many Victorian villas and flats adjacent to the park and along the northern edge of Roundhay. ==Religion==
Religion
According to the 2011 census 22,546 people were counted, of whom 46.64% gave their religion as Christian, 25.60% as No religion, 7.40% religion not stated, 12.58% Muslim, 1.89% Jewish, 3.40% Sikh, 1.78% Hindu, 0.34% Buddhist, 0.35% Others. The first post-Reformation Catholic church in Leeds was the Roundhay Mission. The Rev. Thomas Davis, a Church of England hymn-writer, was Vicar of Roundhay in the mid 19th century. File:St Edmunds Roundhay LS8 1JN.jpg|St Edmund's Parish Church, junction of Lidgett Park Road and North Park Avenue, Anglican File:St Andrews Roundhay LS8 1DU.jpg|St Andrew's Church, Devonshire Crescent, United Reformed File:Sinai Synagogue Roundhay LS8 2AN.jpg|Sinai Synagogue, Roman Avenue File:Quaker House Street Lane LS17 2016.jpg|Quaker Meeting House, Street Lane • All Nations Community Church • St Johns CE Church (Closed June 2008) • St Edmunds CE Church • Lidgett Park Methodist Church • Oakwood Church joint Methodist and Anglican • St Andrew's URC Church St Andrew's Roundhay. The life of our church congregation • Roundhay Evangelical Church • Society of Friends (Quakers) • Sinai Synagogue ==Education==
Education
Allerton Grange High SchoolRoundhay School • Gledhow Primary School • Talbot Primary School • Kerr Mackie Primary School • St. John's Church of England Primary School, Roundhay ==Notable people==
Notable people
• Field Marshal William Nicholson, 1st Baron Nicholson (1845–1918), soldier, was born at Roundhay Park, and took his peerage title from Roundhay. • Jimmy Savile, media figure and predatory sex offender, lived in a penthouse apartment at Lake View Court, Roundhay for 30 years until his death in 2011. ==Location grid==
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