He was born at
Breslau, the son of a
Prussian artillery officer. He was educated at the
gymnasia in
Mainz and
Coburg, and subsequently at
Rastenburg in
East Prussia. In 1841 he entered the
University of Königsberg as a
law student, but was expelled for his outspoken liberal opinions. The academic authorities at Breslau and
Leipzig were equally intolerant towards him, and it was only in
Berlin that he found himself free to pursue his studies. During this period he issued
Lieder der Gegenwart (“Songs of the present,” 1842) and
Zensurflüchtlinge (“Refugees from censoring,” 1843) - the poetical fruits of his political enthusiasm. He completed his studies in Berlin, and took the degree of
doctor juris in Königsberg. His political views continued to stand in the way of his career, and Gottschall gave up the law to devote himself entirely to literature. He met with immediate success, and beginning as a
dramaturge in Königsberg with
Der Blinde von Alcala (1846) and
Lord Byron in Italien (1847), he went on to
Hamburg where he occupied a similar position. His political and social sympathies with the
revolutionary movement of 1848 were shown in the dramas
Wiener Immortellen (1848),
Lambertine von Méricourt (1850), and
Ferdinand von Schill (1851), as well as in his first collection of poems,
Gedichte (1850), and in a lyric epic,
Die Göttin, ein hohes Lied vom Weibe (1853). In 1852 he married Marie, baroness von Seherr-Thoss, and for the next few years lived in
Silesia. From this time on, his work became more serene in temper and style. An epic,
Carlo Zeno, was followed by a very successful historical comedy (after the style of
Scribe),
Pitt und Fox (1854), and this by literary and historical studies, whose final titles were:
Die deutsche National Litteratur des XIX. Jahrhunderts (1892) and
Poetik: Die Dichtkunst und ihre Formen (1858). In 1862 he took over the editorship of a newspaper, but in 1864 moved to Leipzig. Gottschall was raised, in 1877, by the king of Prussia to the hereditary nobility with the prefix "von," having been previously made a
Geheimer Hofrat by the Grand Duke of Weimar. Down to 1887 Gottschall edited the
Brockhaussche Blätter für litterarische Unterhaltung and the monthly periodical
Unsere Zeit. He died at Leipzig. Gottschall was also a noted
chess player. The
Deutschen Schachbund (DSB) was founded in Leipzig on 18 July 1877 by athletes and intellectuals such as
Adolf Anderssen, Rudolf Gottschall, Hermann Zwanziger,
Max Lange and
Carl Göring. When the next meeting took place on 15 July 1879 in Leipzig (the 1st
DSB Congress), sixty-two clubs had become member of the German Chess Federation (DSB). Hofrat von Gottschall became chairman and Zwanziger the General Secretary. ==Works==