Born in
Cranston, Rhode Island, the son of Rhode Island colonial Governor
Stephen Hopkins, Rufus Hopkins was a sailor, and "[h]is early life was spent in maritime pursuits, in which he attained high rank as a nautical commander". Around 1766 he associated with a group including his father, Nicholas, Joseph, John and Moses Brown, and
Jabez Bowen in a project to utilize a bed of iron ore found in Cranston and the building of Hope Furnace. While working at the furnace, he was appointed as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Providence County, serving in this capacity for several years. During this time he was also elected to represent Scituate in the general assembly. During the
American Revolutionary War, items cast in the furnace under his supervision included cannon, cast two at a time for use by the American army and navy. On December 14, 1775, he was one of a committee appointed by Congress to superintend the building of vessels of war. After the war, he was again elected to represent Scituate in the general assembly. In 1782, he became trustee of
Brown University, remaining in that position until his death. In 1787, the broken steeple bell of the First Baptist Church was recast at Hope Furnace under his charge. He was concerned in the first cotton factory built near the Hope Furnace in 1807. ==Personal life and death==