The
Chota Nagpur Plateau region has been inhabited since the
Neolithic period. Several stone tools and
microliths from the
Mesolithic and
Neolithic periods were discovered in this region. There are ancient cave paintings in Isko,
Hazaribagh district, from the Meso-chalcolithic period (9,000-5,000 BC). It is believed that Sadan people arrived in Chotanagpur sometime after
Aryan came to South Asia. In the Kabra-Kala mound at the confluence of the
Son and
North Koel rivers in
Palamu district, various antiquities and art objects from the
Neolithic to medieval periods have been found; the
pot-sherds of
redware,
black and red ware, black ware,
black slipped ware, and
NBP ware are from the
Chalcolithic to late medieval periods.
Iron slag,
microliths, and
potsherds from 1400 BCE, according to carbon dating, were discovered in
Singhbhum district. During the late Vedic period, several
janapadas emerged in northern India. Several
Nishada kingdoms probably existed in Jharkhand during that time. In the 6th century BCE, the
mahajanapadas emerged in several parts of the Indian subcontinent. Some parts of present-day Jharkhand were parts of the
Magadha and
Anga mahajanapadas. In the Mauryan period, this region was ruled by a number of states, collectively known as the Atavika (forest) states. These states accepted the suzerainty of the
Maurya Empire during
Ashoka's reign (c. 232 BCE). During the medieval period, the
Nagvanshi,
Ramgarh Raj, and
Chero dynasties were ruling this region. The Mughal influence reached this area during the reign of Emperor
Akbar when it was invaded by
Raja Mansingh in 1574. There was several invasion during Mughal rule. Influence of the British
East India Company reached this region in the 18th century.
Raghunath Mahato led a revolt against the East India company in the
Jungle Mahals in 1769.
Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo and
Pandey Ganpat Rai led rebels against the East India company in the
1857 Rebellion.
Tikait Umrao Singh,
Sheikh Bhikhari, Nadir Ali, Jai Mangal Singh played pivotal role in Indian Rebellion of 1857. After independence this region became parts of Bihar state. Separate state Jharkhand was initially a tribal demand which was led by Christian tribal leaders. But the movement failed as tribal were in minority. In 1955, prominent tribal leader
Jaipal Singh Munda submitted a memorandum to
States Reorganization Commission for a separate Jharkhand state comprising the tribal area of South Bihar, but it was rejected because there were many languages, no link language in the region, Hindustani was majority language, tribal were in minority. In 1970s non-tribal Sadan also joined the separate state movement which strengthen the movement which resulted in formation of new state Jharkhand.
Lal Pingley Nath Shahdeo,
Lal Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo have prominent role in formation of separate state Jharkhand. In November 2000, the new state of
Jharkhand separated from Bihar, comprising
Chota Nagpur Division and
Santhal Pargana Division. According to President of Sadan organization
Moolvasi Sadan Morcha Rajendra Prasad, the state of Jharkhand was formed for development of Jharkhandi but vision to form Jharkhand have deviated. The Sadan people have no reservations. The Sadan people are marginalized in their own state and government of Jharkhand has decepted Sadan. == Castes and communities ==