,
Wales in 2020. As with other
salmonid genera, the delimitation of species in
Salvelinus is controversial.
FishBase in 2015 listed 54 species or subspecies in this genus, many of which have very narrow local distributions. Fourteen localised species are listed from the
British Isles alone, although these traditionally, and still by the national conservation and fisheries authorities, are all considered to represent the widespread
Arctic charr (
S. alpinus). Twenty species are listed from the Asian part of
Russia, including several localised taxa from in each of the
Kamchatka,
Chukotka and
Taimyr peninsulas. One of these is the
long-finned char, which phylogenetically is part of the
Salvelinus group but has been so far classified into its own monotypic genus
Salvethymus. The
Arctic char (
S. alpinus) is the most broadly distributed
Salvelinus species. It has a
circumpolar distribution, and it is considered the most northern of all freshwater fishes. In North America, five relatively well defined species are present, which, apart from the Arctic char, comprise the
brook trout (
S. fontinalis),
bull trout (
S. confluentus),
Dolly Varden trout (
S. malma) and
lake trout (
S. namaycush). This listing presents the taxa recognised in
FishBase grouped by geography:
Circumpolar •
Salvelinus alpinus (
Linnaeus,
1758) –
Arctic char Europe ;Central Europe •
Salvelinus evasus Freyhof &
Kottelat, 2005 •
†Salvelinus neocomensis Freyhof &
Kottelat, 2005 •
Salvelinus profundus (Schillinger, 1901) •
Salvelinus umbla (
Linnaeus,
1758) – lake char '', Scotland ;British Isles Scotland and adjacent islands: •
Salvelinus gracillimus Regan, 1909 •
Salvelinus inframundus Regan, 1909 •
Salvelinus killinensis (Günther, 1866) •
Salvelinus mallochi Regan, 1909 •
Salvelinus maxillaris Regan, 1909 •
Salvelinus struanensis (Maitland, 1881) •
Salvelinus youngeri (Friend, 1965) – golden char
, Salvelinus colii and Salvelinus grayi'', Irish taxa England and Wales: •
Salvelinus lonsdalii Regan, 1909 •
Salvelinus perisii (Günther, 1865) •
Salvelinus willughbii (Günther, 1862) Ireland: •
Salvelinus colii (
Günther, 1863) – Cole's char •
Salvelinus fimbriatus Regan, 1908 – Coomsaharn char •
Salvelinus grayi (Günther, 1862) – Gray's char •
Salvelinus obtusus Regan, 1908 – blunt-snouted Irish char ;Northern Europe
Iceland and Atlantic islands: •
Salvelinus faroensis Joensen &
Tåning, 1970 •
Salvelinus murta (Sæmundsson, 1909) •
Salvelinus thingvallensis (Sæmundsson, 1909) •
Salvelinus salvelinoinsularis (
Lönnberg, 1900) –
Bear Island char
Fennoscandia and Northwest Russia: •
Salvelinus lepechini (
J. F. Gmelin, 1789)
Asia ;Arctic drainages •
Salvelinus andriashevi L. S. Berg, 1948 – Chukot char •
Salvelinus boganidae L. S. Berg, 1926 – Boganida char •
Salvelinus czerskii Dryagin, 1932 – Cherskii's char •
Salvelinus drjagini Logashev, 1940 – Dryagin's char •
Salvelinus elgyticus Viktorovsky & Glubokovsky, 1981 – small-mouth char '' •
Salvelinus alpinus erythrinus (
Georgi, 1775) – davatchan •
Salvelinus jacuticus Borisov, 1935 – Yakutian char •
Salvelinus taimyricus Mikhin, 1949 •
Salvelinus taranetzi Kaganowsky, 1955 – Taranets char •
Salvelinus tolmachoffi L. S. Berg, 1926 –
Lake Yessey char •
Salvethymus svetovidovi Chereshnev & Skopets, 1990 – long-finned char: phylogenetically part of the
Salvelinus clade] ;Pacific drainages •
Salvelinus albus Glubokovsky, 1977 – white char •
Salvelinus curilus (
Pallas, 1814) (=
S. malma krascheninnikova Taranetz, 1933 – southern Dolly Varden •
Salvelinus gritzenkoi Vasil'eva & Stygar, 2000 ,
Salvelinus fontinalis ,
Salvelinus malma •
Salvelinus krogiusae Glubokovksy, Frolov, Efremov, Ribnikova & Katugin, 1993 •
Salvelinus kronocius Viktorovsky, 1978 •
Salvelinus kuznetzovi Taranetz, 1933 •
Salvelinus leucomaenis (Pallas, 1814) – whitespotted char •
S. l. leucomaenis (
Pallas, 1814) •
S. l. imbrius D. S. Jordan & E. A. McGregor, 1925 •
S. l. pluvius (
Hilgendorf, 1876) •
S. l. japonicus (=
S. japonicus)
Ōshima, 1961 –
kirikuchi char •
Salvelinus neiva Taranetz, 1933 – Neiva •
Salvelinus schmidti Viktorovsky, 1978 •
Salvelinus vasiljevae Safronov & Zvezdov, 2005 – Sakhalinian char
North America ,
Salvelinus namaycushAtlantic drainages •
†Salvelinus agassizii (
Garman, 1885) – silver trout •
Salvelinus fontinalis (
Mitchill, 1814) –
brook trout •
Salvelinus namaycush (
Walbaum, 1792) –
lake trout Pacific & Arctic drainages •
Salvelinus confluentus (
Suckley, 1859) – bull trout •
Salvelinus malma (Walbaum, 1792) – Dolly Varden trout • "
Salvelinus anaktuvukensis" Morrow, 1973 – angayukaksurak char (=
S. malma)
Hybrids •
S. alpinus × S. fontinalis – Alsatian char •
S. namaycush × S. fontinalis –
splake, brookinaw •
S. fontinalis × Salmo trutta –
tiger trout •
S. leucomaensis x O. masou – river mackerel, Kawasaba ==References==