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Shibuya

Shibuya is a special ward in Tokyo, Japan. A major commercial center, Shibuya houses one of the busiest railway stations in the world, Shibuya Station.

History
was the commercial center of the area in the Edo period. Shibuya came into the possession of the Shibuya clan in the early 1160s, after which the area was named. The clan was a cadet branch of the Taira clan descended from Taira no Yoshifumi. The clan built a fortress near the present-day Konnō Hachimangu Shrine. The branch of the clan that ruled this area was defeated by the Later Hōjō clan on January 13, 1524, during the Sengoku period, and the area then came under their control. In the mid-1990s, Shibuya-kei, a microgenre of pop music, became mainstream in Japan. Distinguished by a "cut-and-paste" approach, it peaked in the late 1990s and declined after its principal players began moving onto other music styles. Since the beginning of the 21st century, large-scale redevelopment has been underway in the area surrounding Shibuya Station. The scale of the project has been described as something that happens once in a hundred years. In 2005, the Japanese government designated the district as an Urban Renewal Area. Following discussions among scholars, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Shibuya City Office, and railway operators such as Tokyu Corporation, JR East, and Tokyo Metro, a master plan was announced in 2008. In 2010, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government approved the implementation of the redevelopment plan, and full-scale construction officially began. As part of the redevelopment, the existing station facilities were demolished. The Tōyoko Line was moved underground, the Ginza Line platform was relocated, and the Saikyō Line platform was placed parallel to the Yamanote Line platform. Several existing commercial buildings were also demolished and replaced by high-rise complexes such as Shibuya Hikarie, Shibuya Stream, Shibuya Fukuras (ja), Shibuya Sakura Stage (ja), and Shibuya Scramble Square. Because railway operations had to continue during construction, and because the pedestrian network plan around the station was revised during the process, the overall completion of the redevelopment is now scheduled for fiscal year 2034, which is seven years later than originally planned. Miyashita Park closed in 2017 and reopened in July 2020 as a shopping complex with a rooftop park. ==Geography==
Geography
Shibuya includes many well-known commercial and residential districts such as Daikanyama, Ebisu, Harajuku, Hiroo, Higashi, Omotesandō, Sendagaya, and Yoyogi. DistrictsHatagaya Area:Sasazuka, Hatagaya, HonmachiYoyogi Area:Uehara, Ōyamachō, Nishihara, Hatsudai, Motoyoyogichō, Tomigaya, Yoyogikamizonochō, YoyogiSendagaya Area:Sendagaya, JingūmaeEbisu-Ōmukai Area:Kamiyamachō, Jinnan, Udagawachō, Shōtō, Shinsenchō, Maruyamachō, Dōgenzaka, Nanpeidaichō, Sakuragaokachō, Hachiyamachō, Uguisudanichō, Sarugakuchō, Daikan'yamachō, Ebisunishi, EbisuminamiHikawa-Shimbashi Area:Shibuya, Higashi, Ebisu, Hiroo == Demographics ==
Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population is rising again after decline between 1960 and 2000. ==Politics and government==
Politics and government
Shibuya is run by a city assembly of 34 elected members. The mayor is Ken Hasebe, an independent. Elections2003 Shibuya mayoral election Same-sex partnership certificate In 2015, as the council passed "Ordinance for Promoting Respect of Gender Equality and Diversity in the Ward", Shibuya Ward became the first Japanese municipality that issues same-sex partnership certificates. According to this ordinance, same-sex couples who live in Shibuya are allowed "to rent apartments together, and have gained hospital visitation rights as family members". Koyuki Higashi (a former member of the Takarazuka Revue) and Hiroko Masuhara (an entrepreneur), a lesbian couple, were the first to receive this certification. The BBC notes that in practice, the ordinance is not binding, though their names will be posted on the ward's website if they violate the ordinance. Shimizu says the system "is not equivalent to marriage, as it does not accord same-sex couples the same rights as heterosexual couples when it comes to inheritance, joint filing of taxes, or social welfare". Shimizu argues that Shibuya Ward has been criticized for pinkwashing as "while passing this ordinance, the administration also moved to expel the homeless in Miyashita Park and other parks in the ward". Yuki Tsuchiya, a lesbian activist, also argues that LGBT individuals are used to promote the ward. ==Sightseeing and local landmarks==
Sightseeing and local landmarks
Shibuya is famous for its scramble crossing, called Shibuya Crossing. It is located in front of the Shibuya Station Hachikō exit and stops vehicles in all directions to allow pedestrians to inundate the entire intersection. Shibuya Crossing is the "world's busiest pedestrian crossing", with upwards of 3,000 people at a time. A statue of the dog Hachikō, remembered for his unwavering loyalty to his deceased owner, is installed outside Shibuya Station. The statue and its surrounding Hachikō Square are a common meeting place and are almost always crowded. On the southwest side of Shibuya Station, there is a Moyai statue, given to Shibuya by the people of Niijima Island in 1980. Green areasShinjuku Gyo-en, former Imperial gardens now open to the public as a park • Yoyogi Park, once a training base for the Imperial Japanese Army, later the Washington Heights housing area for the Occupation of Japan, then the lodgings for contestants in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics Commercial complexes and Shibuya Hikarie (left) • Cerulean Tower, formerly the tallest building in the Shibuya Station area • Omotesandō Hills, a shopping mall completed in 2006 • Shibuya 109, a popular and trendy place for mostly Japanese young women to shop • • Shibuya HikarieShibuya Mark CityShibuya Scramble SquareShibuya StreamShinjuku Southern TerraceTakashimaya Times Square, one of the largest department stores in Japan • Yebisu Garden Place, site of the former Sapporo Brewery, now featuring restaurants and shopping, along with the Westin Hotel Cultural institutionsBunka Gakuen Costume Museum • Bunkamura, a cultural center and concert hall complex • Kawamoto Kihachirō Puppet Gallery • Koga Masao Museum of Music • , a museum of Japanese archaeology and Shintō culture at Kokugakuin UniversityMeiji Jingū Museum • National Noh TheatreNew National Theatre, site of opera, ballet, and other performances • , a public cultural complex including lifelong learning center, planetarium and halls • , a public museum of Shibuya's local history and literary • • • Ukiyo-e Ōta Memorial Museum of ArtWatari Museum of Contemporary ArtYamatane Museum Religious institutions • , a Shintō shrine on ruins, the setting for the film Tenchi: The Samurai AstronomerMeiji Shrine, a Shintō shrine dedicated to the souls of Emperor Meiji and Empress Shōken, surrounded by a 70-hectare forest • Catholic Shibuya Church, Hatsudai Church • Tōgō Shrine, a Shintō shrine dedicated to Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō, with naval cenotaphs • Tokyo Baptist ChurchTokyo Mosque (Tokyo Camii), the largest mosque in Japan • Tokyo Yamate Church, part of the Protestant United Church of Christ in Japan Streets • , a major east–west thoroughfare • Cat Street, a promenade in Ura-Harajuku area, famous for its roadside clothing stores • Center Gai • , a road in central Shibuya famous for its surrounding nightclubs and love hotels • – running past Daikanyama, down the hill to Ebisu, crossing Meiji Dōri and up the hill through Higashi and Hiroo. The road stops at the Shuto Expressway in Minami Aoyama. Famed for its beautiful trees that turn bright yellow in autumn, cafes, restaurants, and a large replica of Michelangelo's David outside of the Papas building. Prince Hitachi and Princess Hitachi have their official residence in a palace in large gardens off Komazawadori in Higashi. • , in central Shibuya between Shibuya Station and Yoyogi Park • , a major north–south thoroughfare parallel to the Yamanote Line • • Shibuya Nonbei-Yokochō, an alley by the railroad tracks famous for its small bars and old Tokyo feel • Omotesandō, an avenue leading up to the Meiji Shrine with a number of famous-brand boutiques • • Takeshita Street, a shopping street through Harajuku • OthersNHK Broadcasting Center, headquarters of the NHK radio, television, and satellite broadcasting system • NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building, the fourth-tallest building in Tokyo, patterned after the Empire State BuildingShibuya Sky, a 360-degree open-air observatory on Shibuya Scramble Square, the highest point in the district of Shibuya overlooking Shibuya and the greater Tokyo skyline • Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium, a major indoor arena complex • United Nations UniversityYoyogi National Gymnasium, designed for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics by Kenzo Tange ==Transportation==
Transportation
Rail The main station in Shibuya is Shibuya Station. The southern half of Shinjuku Station, including the New South Entrance, is located in Shibuya. • JR EastYamanote Line: Shinjuku, Yoyogi, Harajuku, Shibuya, Ebisu stations • Chūō Line (Rapid), Chūō-Sōbu Line: Shinjuku, Yoyogi, Sendagaya stations • Saikyō Line, Shōnan-Shinjuku Line: Shinjuku, Shibuya, Ebisu stations • Tokyo MetroGinza Line: Shibuya station • Marunouchi Line: Shinjuku station • Hibiya Line: Ebisu station • Chiyoda Line: Meiji Jingūmae, Yoyogi Kōen, Yoyogi Uehara stations • Hanzōmon Line: Shibuya station • Fukutoshin Line: Shibuya, Meiji Jingūmae, Kitasandō stations • Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of TransportationToei Shinjuku Line: Shinjuku station • Toei Ōedo Line: Shinjuku, Yoyogi, Kokuritsu Kyogi-jo stations • Tokyu CorporationTōyoko Line: Shibuya, Daikanyama stations • Den-en-toshi Line: Shibuya, Ikejiri Ohashi stations • Keio CorporationInokashira Line: Shinjuku, Shibuya, Shinsen stations • Keiō Line: Shinjuku, Sasazuka stations • Keiō New Line: Shinjuku, Hatsudai, Hatagaya, Sasazuka stations • Odakyu Electric Railway Odawara Line: Shinjuku, Minami Shinjuku, Sangubashi, Yoyogi Hachiman, Yoyogi Uehara stations • The Imperial Platform, used by the Japanese Imperial Family on rare occasions, is located along the Yamanote Line, a few minutes walk from Harajuku Station in Sendagaya 3-chome. HighwayShuto Expressway • No.3 Shibuya Route (Tanimachi JCT – Yoga) • No.4 Shinjuku Route (Miyakezaka JCT – Takaido) • National highwaysRoute 20, the Kōshū Kaidō • Route 246, with the local names Aoyama-dōri and Tamagawa-dōri ==Economy==
Economy
Several companies are headquartered in Shibuya. Calpis, Casio, Mixi, Niwango, Nihon Dempa Kogyo, and Tokyu Corporation have their headquarters in Shibuya. East Japan Railway Company have their headquarters in Yoyogi, Shibuya. 81 Produce has its headquarters in Tomigaya, Shibuya. Former operations At one time Smilesoft had its headquarters in the CT Sasazuka Building in Shibuya. In May 1985 the headquarters of Bandai Visual moved to Shibuya. In March 1990 the headquarters moved to Shinjuku. A.D. Vision - Tokyo, Y.K., the Japanese subsidiary of A.D. Vision, was in Shibuya. Acclaim Entertainment once had its Tokyo office in the Nomora Building. The Japanese subsidiary of Titus Interactive, Titus Japan K.K., had its head office on the eighth floor of the Kotubuki Dogenzaka Building in Dōgenzaka. The former animation studio; Group TAC was also located here. Square Enix headquarters were located in Yoyogi before moving to Shinjuku in 2012. CompaniesAmway Japan: Japan headquarters, a multi-level marketing company • Coca-ColaCampbells Soup's Japan division is headquartered in Shibuya, on the 10th floor of the Tokyo Tatemono Hiroo Building. • CyberAgent: Internet advertising agency • East Japan Railway Company (JR East) • Gap IncIto En: bottler of tea, coffee, vegetable drinks, and other beverages • NHK (Nippon Hoso Kyokai) (NHK Broadcasting Center) • Papas: clothing, cafe, and bakery company • Sapporo Breweries LimitedTrend Micro Japan: security software company ==Education==
Education
Colleges and universities Aoyama Gakuin UniversityBunka Gakuen University (Yoyogi) • Jissen Women's UniversityKokugakuin University (Higashi) • Shibuya University NetworkTokai UniversityUnited Nations UniversityUniversity of the Sacred Heart (Hiroo) Primary and secondary schools The operates public elementary and junior high schools, while Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education operates public senior high schools. Public combined elementary and junior high schools • Shibuya Honmachi Gakuen (渋谷本町学園) Junior high schools: Public libraries Shibuya operates several public libraries, including the Central Library, the Nishihara Library, the Shibuya Library, the Tomigaya Library, the Sasazuka Library, the Honmachi Library, and the Rinsen Library. In addition, the Yoyogi Youth Hall houses the Yoyogi Library Room. ==In popular culture==
In popular culture
Shibuya has appeared in the manga: Alice in Borderland, My Hero Academia, the 'Shibuya Incident' arc of Jujutsu Kaisen as the site of the titular incident which sees the destruction of the ward, Super GALS! Kotobuki Ran, Tokyo Revengers, and Ya Boy Kongming!. It has featured in the television series: ''Jellyfish Can't Swim in the Night''. It featured in the film: The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift and ''Colorful Stage! The Movie: A Miku Who Can't Sing'' It has also appeared in the video games: 428: Shibuya Scramble, Chaos;Head, Ghostwire: Tokyo, Hatsune Miku: Colorful Stage!, Persona 5,The World Ends With You, Neo: The World Ends with You, Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE, Reynatis and Forza Horizon 6. In Kingdom Hearts IV, the city of Quadratum is based on Shibuya, and in Project Gotham Racing, Race Driver: Grid, Colin McRae: Dirt 2, Dirt 3, and Dirt Showdown as race tracks. It was mentioned in the 2021 Kanye West song "Life of The Party" with Andre 3000. It is mentioned in the 2025 Hayley Williams song "Dream Girl in Shibuya". ==International relations==
International relations
Friendship cityÜsküdar District, Istanbul Province, Turkey (since 2005) Sister citiesMiraflores District, Lima, Peru (since 2024) • Honolulu, State of Hawaii, the United States of America (since 2024) International organization offices in Shibuya There are following offices at the United Nations University Headquarters Building in Jingūmae, Shibuya. • ILO (International Labour Organization) Office for Japan • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) Representation Office in Tokyo • UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) Representation Office in Japan • UNIC Tokyo (United Nations Information CentreTokyo) • UNICEF Tokyo Office • UNIDO ITPO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization Investment and Technology Promotion Office), Tokyo • UNOPS(United Nations Office for Project Services)Tokyo Liaison Office • UNU-IAS (Institute of the Advanced Study of Sustainability) Diplomatic missions in Shibuya in Hiroo, Shibuya Following countries operate their embassies in Shibuya. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • == Gallery ==
Gallery
File:2018 Shibuya Crossing.jpg|Shibuya crossing at ground level File:Shibuya scramble square sky view of crossing wide (48994670573).jpg|View from the Sky View observation deck File:Scramble from above, SHIBUYA SKY (49367161357).jpg|Shibuya crossing at night File:Shibuya at night 03 (15120002334).jpg|Streets of Shibuya at night File:Facade of the polyhedral glass building The Iceberg, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.jpg|"The Iceberg", building in Shibuya ==See also==
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