George W. Casey, Jr. Military Based on the shoulder boards used by the
United States Navy, the
United States Army and
United States Air Force developed the
shoulder mark, a cloth tube with embroidered or pinned rank insignia. The
United States Space Force adopted the USAF version when the Space Force was established as a separate service in 2019. Army officer shoulder marks are colored depending on the branch with which the officer is affiliated. They have an gold stripe below the embroidered grade insignia (the end far from the collar). In the Air Force and Space Force, a similar stripe is limited to
senior officers (majors and above). Air Force
general officers have an additional stripe at the near end.
Enlisted and
junior officer (also known as company grade officer) shoulder marks lack these distinctions. These are worn on all class B uniform shirts. U.S. Navy officers wear shoulder boards on Summer White, Service Dress White, Full Dress White and Dinner Dress White uniforms, and wool overcoats and reefers. "Soft shoulder boards" (shoulder marks) are worn on long sleeve white shirts and on black sweaters worn with Service Khaki or Service Dress Blue uniforms.
U.S. Coast Guard officers wear Naval style shoulderboards on all class B uniform shirts. Service dress uniforms in the U.S. air and land forces also have a different style of shoulder board, a firm material with an underlying longitudinal strap. The corresponding jacket shoulder has two small loops traversing from rear to front, and the open end of the shoulder board's strap is drawn through the two loops and affixed to the underside of the board. This effectively hides all the means of attachments, leaving a firm, finished surface. This particular style is what U.S. Air Force personnel call a
shoulder board. The shoulder sleeve is called an
epaulette, and the two are never confused. On the United States Army
Blue Service Uniform, officers wear embroidered
rank insignia "shoulder straps" (
attentes) mounted lengthwise on the outside shoulder seams. These are wide by / (large size/small size) long, and are sewn, snapped, or clipped onto each shoulder.
Boy Scouts of America The
Boy Scouts of America uses colored shoulder loops worn on the shoulder straps to indicate the program level.
Webelos Scouts wearing tan uniforms and all Cub Scout leaders wear blue loops,
Boy Scouts and leaders wear forest green loops (changed from red in 2008),
Varsity Scouts and leaders wear blaze (orange) loops, and
Venturers and leaders wear emerald green loops. Adults who hold a district or council position wear silver loops; those with section, area, regional, or national positions wear gold loops, and those with international positions wear purple loops. The only youth permitted to wear gold loops are the National Chief, National Vice chief, and Region Chiefs of the
Order of the Arrow. ==United Kingdom==