List of Jewish prayers and blessings

In the transliterations below, ' is used to refer to the sh'vah, which is similar/equivalent to ə; a mid-word aleph, a glottal stop; and a mid-word ayin, a voiced pharyngeal fricative ʕ similar/equivalent to . Whenever ` is used, it refers to ayin whether word-initial, medial, or final. 'H/h' are used to represent both he, an English h sound as in "hat"; and ḥet, a voiceless pharyngeal fricative ħ equivalent to Arabic . Whenever 'ḥ' is used, it refers to ḥet. In all other regards, transliterations are according to Sephardi Hebrew. ==Daily prayers==

Waking up Pesuke dezimra This portion of the prayers acts as an introduction to the morning prayers. The following is the order of the Nusach Ashkenaz: Shema and its blessings The Shema prayers are said every day in Shacharit and Maariv. There are always two blessings before the Shema, but after the Shema in the day there is only one blessing, and at night there are two (or three in some communities). Amida The "standing [prayer]", also known as the Shemoneh Esreh ("The Eighteen"), consisting of 19 strophes on weekdays and seven on Sabbath days and 9 on Rosh haShana Mussaf. It is the essential component of Jewish services, and is the only service that the Talmud calls prayer. It is said three times a day (four times on Sabbaths and holidays, and five times on Yom Kippur). The source for the Amida is either as a parallel to the sacrifices in the Temple, or in honor of the Jewish forefathers. The prayer is divided into three sections: blessings of praise for God, requests for our needs (or exalting the holiness of the day for Shabbat and Yom Tov) and finally blessings of thanksgiving. Praise Middle blessings On a regular weekday there are 13 blessings that ask God for our needs. A small number of rabbis, such as David Bar-Hayim based on fragments from the Cairo Geniza, say only 12 blessings here. On fast days in the times of the Talmud there were a number of additional blessings, and in communities today a 14th blessing is added to the Chazzan's repetition on fast days. On Shabbat and Yom Tov there is only a single blessing. During Mussaf of Rosh HaShana there are three blessings in the middle, each built around 10 verses from the Tanach around a particular theme. Thanksgiving Additions during the repetition Concluding prayers Kaddish An Aramaic prayer which focuses on the idea of magnification and sanctification of God's name. There are five versions of kaddish for different purposes. Additional poetry used regularly in prayers Other prayers == Blessings on the mitzvot ==

Shabbat These blessings are also relevant to the festivals with some minor changes to the wording. Holiday blessings When any of these blessings are done for the first time that year, the blessing of shehecheyanu is said. Mitzvot not associated with festivals == Blessings on pleasures, sights and sounds ==

Blessings during a meal ''N'tilat Yadayim'' (Ritual washing of hands) The hands are ritually washed before partaking of certain staples of life. This is done before eating bread. In some Ashkenazic (especially German or Hungarian communities) at the Sabbath or festive meal, it is done before kiddush. In most communities, the blessing is recited after washing but before drying the hands. Some recite the blessing after filling up the washing cup, right before pouring the water on the hands. Blessing prior to food After the meal The combined blessing of Birkat Hamazon is made only after eating a meal containing bread (including matza) made from one or all of wheat, barley, rye, oats, spelt. After Birkat Hamazon, many Sephardic Jews of the Spanish and Portuguese rite recite Ya Comimos or sing Bendigamos. These prayers are similar in content to Birkat Hamazon. Blessings for smells Blessings on sights and sounds ==Blessings on special occasions==