Origins Minneapolis South High School was founded in 1885 in four rooms of the attic of the Adams School at Franklin Avenue and 16th Avenue. The student body began publishing the
South High Observer, the direct predecessor of the current school paper,
The Southerner. South High Theater presented its first play,
Cox, and Box, in 1892. The school's first graduating class totaled 25 students. Within a few years, South had outgrown the Adams School space and the
Minneapolis School Board began a search for a new location for the school. The first South High School building was completed on or around January 1, 1892, and in 1893, South High School's 250 students and the adjoining middle school's 208 students moved to their new facility at 24th St & Cedar Avenue. The new building was built out of red brick and sandstone in a castle-like structure. It had several turrets, 12-foot ceilings, stained-glass bay windows, and a six-story bell tower. After the final part of the building, the bell tower, was erected, the
School Board decided not to purchase a bell for it. The reasons for this are unclear, but it is thought that the large bell used to mark the beginning and end of classes was abandoned in favor of an electric bell system run by a motor. The bell tower remained until the building around it was destroyed. The student body had grown to between 750 and 800 students by 1909. The building had become too small, and the auditorium was sacrificed for more classrooms by dividing it into quarters using green curtains. The Minneapolis School Board decided changes needed to be made. That first significant change came in September 1910 when the new manual and training wings were opened. This new part of the school allowed students to be trained in business and other commercial professions. The highest reported number of students taking classes in this part of the school at any time was 800 students, using 149 typewriters along with other equipment. In January 1911, a new auditorium was opened up to the graduating class, with an initial
seating capacity of 1,913. In contrast, South High's current auditorium has a listed
seating capacity of 715. The new auditorium space, along with the manual and training wings, had a new style of architecture. No clear pictures of these additions are available, and the only description offered for the style was "medieval". The school's final extension came in 1916. Most of the original structure was demolished to make room for a new large building. The new structure, still connected to the old one and the manual and training wings, followed the architectural style of its time, with a square look and evenly cut windows, at least one to a room.
The "Golden Age" With this last part of the central school building added, South High School became one of Minneapolis's architectural wonders, featuring three different sections with different architectural styles linked together. This paragraph from the January 1927
Parent-Teacher Broadcaster summarizes the appearance: After
World War I, work began on an athletic field across Cedar Avenue from the building.
Augsburg University's football team used the South football field as its home field from 1926 to 1945. South High parents and teachers requested a number of changes to the school in 1924. These included a new chorus room, or band room, to seat 400 students, fireproofing and alteration of the auditorium, a new gymnasium, and improvement of the athletic field. In 1926, the auditorium was remodeled and fireproofed, a process that cut the
seating capacity from 1,913 to 1,655. At the same time, sets of stairs were added leading out to Cedar Avenue to relieve ever-growing congestion at entryways. The band room was expanded, facilitating its rampant growth and eventually spurring other schools to develop programs of their own. The athletic field was finished, complete with a concrete fence, comfortable seating, and a large gateway dedicated to South alumni who died in World War I. The old gymnasium was replaced by two new ones, separated by a partition—one side for boys, the other for girls. The height of what is known as South's Golden Age, from 1916 to about 1940, came, ironically, during the height of the
Great Depression. In 1933, South High School had 2,820 enrolled students, and, despite the misery in the outside world, the school continued to grow and prosper and show students the possibility of a better life. The end of the old South High building came in the 1940s, as its oldest part started to show its age. The stonework had begun to crumble. The wooden floors that comprised all of the sections of the school were warped and wavy. The furnishings and old art that lined the walls were still present. Few classes were held in the old section of the school, and when it rained, the roof leaked, sending water streaming down into the hallways. In 1950, demolition began on the front of the old school, which was met with vigorous protest, a large part of it from alumni. It took until 1953 to destroy the oldest third of the building, leaving the other two parts untouched. They did not remain untouched long. In 1961, South High principal Carl Lundin petitioned the
Minneapolis School Board for a new building. The Citizens Group, a group of people interested in saving historic buildings, protested. Their protest was met with counterprotest, setting off a seven-year period of division. Several different sites were considered for a new South High, one of which was selected four and a half years after the original proposal. The plans met further trouble when a building plan could not be agreed on. The proposal that brought the most anguish after it was rejected was the
City Council's refusal to close 31st street to accommodate an athletic field. Contracts for the New South were finally awarded in early October 1968 and a groundbreaking ceremony was held on October 11, 1968, using five shovels engraved with the letters "SOUTH". The class of 1970 was the last class to graduate in the old building.
The New South The open house for the new South High School was held on October 11, 1970, two years after the groundbreaking ceremony. At the time, the nation was experiencing great turmoil due to the prolonged
Vietnam War and the government's coverup of vital information about it. Construction of the New South began in 1968, the year when public opinion of the war took a big turn for the worse. Just a few months before the gala open house for the new building, the
Kent State shootings occurred:
National Guardsmen killed four students during a protest against the war and government policy, sparking a new nationwide round of student protest. From the outside, South looks like a brick fortress. The building might have been designed to thwart student unrest. The original building has no windows. Structures from this period tend to lack windows, which could be quickly destroyed during violent protest, a common occurrence, making them at best expensive to replace and at worst a public safety hazard. The original floor plans also changed with more additions, such as the third floor, added in the late 1990s with the seeming innovation of windows. [NOTE: this is not confirmed by any architectural or other proposals or plans. In fact, the architectural design reflects the designwork done on countless office buildings at the time.] But students at South High were given a plausible explanation for the somewhat prisonlike design. The building's architect was from Texas, and his concern for energy efficiency over the long winters caused him to eschew extensive use of windows. Also, when the building first opened, it was an "Open School", with no individual classrooms on the second floor. The small windows in the design provided light across the open area. Only when the school was converted to typical classroom divisions did the lack of natural light become an issue. [NOTE: according to the architectural plans, the building was designed to meet the needs of modular programming. This required an open resource area, lined with resource rooms. When the district decided modular programming was not working, the walls were constructed to return the school to a more traditional setting. It was at this point that the lack of windows became a problem and the "maze" was necessary in order to meet classroom size and number requirements. The original plans accommodated 1,500 students, but South's enrollment has held steady at 2,000. The building is still short at least seven classrooms, despite the internal remodel to meet growing needs.] The original floor plan was open, in keeping with the educational philosophies of the time. Ideally, such a configuration would allow for shared learning among students in different classes. But the floor plan produced distractions, and additional interior walls were later added to separate the classrooms. The construction of classrooms after the fact created a "rabbit maze" of identical hallways and in some instances classrooms only accessible via other classrooms.
Current architecture South High School is a three-story building, centered around the
auditorium, commons area, and
balcony. When school starts in the morning two sets of doors are open, both leading into the commons area. Each student is issued an
identification card, which is checked upon entry through all entrances, to ensure the safety of students and staff. 11th and 12th grade students are given off-campus privileges for lunch. Students must submit an off-campus lunch form to be allowed off-campus. This privilege can be revoked for failing classes, returning late from off campus three times in a semester, or disciplinary problems.
First Floor The first floor contains the main
office, auditorium, lunchroom, gymnasium,
technology/
shop classrooms, special program centers (such as the All Nations program), and various other classrooms. The band and orchestra classes are also on the first floor. In 2001, the auto shop was turned into a band room to meet that department's ever-growing needs, and the ventilation system was remade to allow for more efficient air conditioning. In 2007, a project to renovate all of Minneapolis's public high school auditoriums moved on to South's auditorium. The renovations, which had finished by the beginning of the 2007–08 school year, include new lighting and sound equipment, an extensive box for lighting and sound control, two sets of double doors at the main auditorium entrance, and a wheelchair-accessible balcony. Theatrical performances on the stage began in spring 2007. Due to space restrictions, there is no fly system.
Second Floor The second floor contains
mathematics,
social studies, and
English classrooms. The Media Center and counseling offices are also on the second floor. The "Black box", a small studio theater, was mostly paid for by alumnus
Josh Hartnett. Friends of South High Theater raised the remaining money needed.
Third Floor The third floor was constructed during the 1996–97 school year. It is the only floor with full windows. It houses
science classrooms,
world language classrooms, and many freshman classrooms. ==Master Plan 1996==