St. Simon (horse)

St. Simon was bred by Prince Gustavus Batthyany of Hungary and foaled at William Barrow's Paddocks near Newmarket. He was by Galopin, also owned by Batthyany, who won 10 out of 11 races including The Derby. Retired to stud in 1876, Galopin was not an immediate success, covering only 12 mares in his first crop. His stud fee dropped as low as 50 guineas before the success of first Galiard in the 1883 2000 Guineas and then St. Simon established his reputation. Galopin eventually became the leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland in 1888, 1889, and 1898. St. Simon's dam, St. Angela (by King Tom), was disappointing as a broodmare up to the time she produced St. Simon, her sixth foal, at age 16. Her other notable progeny was a full-sister to St. Simon named Angelica, who later became the dam of champion and major stallion Orme (1889 by Ormonde). ==Conformation==

St. Simon was a brown colt with a small star on his forehead and a few white hairs on the inside of his pasterns and heels. Almost all the foals he sired were bay or brown, with the exception of a gray filly (Tsu Shima) and a gray colt (Posthumus), both out of gray mares. His final height was 16 or (sources differ), but his fine build made him look smaller. His offspring, especially his fillies, were usually slightly smaller than average. He had a fine head that was slightly dished, clean legs—although quite over at the knee—and a short back. He also had strong quarters and a very good shoulder, which according to the 1916 Bloodstock Breeders Review was "a study. So obliquely was [the shoulder] placed that it appeared to extend far into his back, making the latter look shorter." His girth was said to be , and his cannon bone measured around. == Racing career ==

1883: two-year-old season Prince Batthyany died in May 1883 while attending the 2000 Guineas, won by his colt Galiard. St. Simon won very easily by six lengths. St. Simon's first official race of the year was a walkover at the 10-furlong Epsom Gold Cup. He then won the 2½ mile Ascot Gold Cup by 20 lengths, despite having trailed in the beginning of the race, to beat Tristan and Faugh-a-Ballagh. He did not recover, however, and never raced again, beginning his breeding career at the age of five. == Stud record ==

St. Simon retired to stud in 1886 and sired 423 live foals, who between them won 571 races and more than half a million pounds in stake-money from 1889 through the first decade of the twentieth century. Among his progeny were 10 English Classic winners who won 17 classic races between them. The 10 Classic winners is the third-highest total of all time, behind Stockwell and Sadler's Wells, both with 12. The 17 Classic race wins by his offspring ties him for the all-time record with Stockwell. His classic winners were: Memoir, Semolina, La Fleche (horse), Mrs Butterwick, Amiable, Persimmon, St Frusquin, Diamond Jubilee, La Roche, and Winifreda. The latter three between them swept all five English Classics of 1900 — the only times a sire has accomplished this feat. • 1887: Memoir (Epsom Oaks, St Leger) • 1887: Semolina (1,000 Guineas Stakes) • 1887: Signorina (champion two-year-old filly) • 1888: Simonian (Leading sire in France twice) • 1889: La Fleche (Fillies' Triple Crown, Ascot Gold Cup, Champion Stakes, Cambridgeshire Handicap, 2nd Epsom Derby) • 1890: Mrs Butterwick (Epsom Oaks) • 1890: Soult (NZ Champion Sire five times) • 1891: Amiable (1,000 Guineas, Epsom Oaks) • 1891: Florizel II (St. James's Palace Stakes, Goodwood Cup, Jockey Club Cup, leading broodmare sire) • 1893: Persimmon (Epsom Derby, St.Leger, Ascot Gold Cup, Champion Sire four times) • 1893: St. Frusquin (2,000 Guineas, Eclipse Stakes, 2nd Epsom Derby, Champion Sire twice) • 1896: Desmond (Champion Sire) • 1897: Diamond Jubilee (Triple Crown, Eclipse Stakes, Argentina Champion Sire four times) • 1897: La Roche (Epsom Oaks) • 1897: Winifreda (1,000 Guineas) • 1898: Pietermaritzburg (Jockey Club Stakes, Argentina Champion Sire) • 1898: William the Third (Ascot Gold Cup, Doncaster Cup) • 1900: Chaucer (two time leading broodmare sire. Selene, the dam of Hyperion, was by Chaucer, as was Scapa Flow, dam of Pharos and Fairway) • 1900: Rabelais (Leading sire in France three times) St. Simon was also the leading broodmare sire in Great Britain and Ireland six times. As a broodmare sire, his notable progeny include: • Festa, dam of Febula, Fels and Fervor in Germany • Ondulee, dam of highly influential broodmare Frizette • Roquebrune, dam of Rock Sand • Signorina, dam of Signorino, Signorinetta • Simonath, dam of Flamboyant and granddam of Papyrus St. Simon's sire line has continued to modern times through Rabelais down to Ribot, However, St. Simon is a pervasive influence in the breed through other lines of descent. For example, Nearco, inbred 5 x 4 × 4 × 5 to St. Simon, would found the most dominant Thoroughbred sire-line of the following century. Nearco's grandson Northern Dancer, another enormously influential sire, has fifteen crosses to St. Simon in the first eight generations of his pedigree. Pedigree expert Anne Peters refers to his bloodline as "one of the most widespread and omnipresent in the Thoroughbred gene pool today." St. Simon died when he was 27 years old and his skeleton belongs to the British Museum of Natural History. ==Sire line tree==

• St Simon • St Andrew • St Jude • St Serf • Or Duh Rhin • The Cellarer • The Oak • Bill Of Portland • Bobadil • The Parisian • Merriwee • Maltster • Alawa • Malt King • Popinjay • Childwick • General Symons • Sergeant Murphy • Negofol • Hourless • Mike Hall • Charley O • Horometer • Juveigneur • Tchad • Flechois • Coventry • Durango • Dangerous • Espino • Wait A Bit • Bounding Home • Bois De Rose • Cormac • Morning Mac • Burnmac • Haut Brion • Soult • Master Soult • Wairiki • Chesterfield • Winter Wind • Beau Soult • Beauford • St Florian • Ard Patrick • Anklang • Huon • Billy Barton • Dolan • Lapis Lazuli • Marabou • Lucullus • Pompey • Master Doon • Glendowie • King Lu • Dolomit • Octopus • Ariel • Revolutionar • Monfalcone • Terminus • Florizel II • Doricles • Consols • Massine • Montmartin • Mackintosh • Volodyovski • Royal Arch • Vedas • Southannon • Fulmen • Leteo • Mineral • Puro Habano • Floreal • Tagor • Zator • Granit • Anmer • Matchbox • Con Amore • St Aiden • Moorside • Master Robert • Raconteur • Blagueur • St Bris • St Caradec • Persimmon • Out Of Reach • George Smith • Zinfandel • Royal Dream • Coq Gaulois • Coq Bruyere • Coq D'Espirit • Sea King • Paul Jones • Your Majesty • Agueros • Henry Lee • Quemao • Comedy King • Artilleryman • King Ingoda • Prince Palatine • Donnacona • Prince Galahad • Nothing Venture • Prince Pal • Mate • Rose Prince • Prince Rose • Mousson • Phoebus Appolo • Apologue • Positano • Lord Cardigan • Poseidon • Telecles • Rascasse • Lord Nolan • Piastre • St Frusquin • Fortunatus • Posinatus • St Alwyne • Night Watch • Poitrel • Belgamba • Barcadaile • Vermouth • Rydal Head • Poethlyn • St Amant • Frustrum • Ballyboggan • Martin Lightfoot • Impudent Barney • St Wolf • Florilegio • Cad • Diogenes • Hijo Mio • Movedizo • Lombardo • Maron • Tagore • Cipango • Tipperary Tim • Greenback • Paper Money • St Just • Jus D'Orange • Orange Peel • Pietri • St Anton • Lorenzo • Day Comet • Double Chance • Ecouen • St Cyr • Cyrenian • Earla Mor • Tamasha • Shanid-A-Boo • Farasi • Land League • Machakos • The White Knight • Sir Archibald • Irish Elegance • Declare • Charles O'Malley • Light Dragoon • Legality • Demosthenes • Amythas • Gasbag • Statesman • Desman • Happy Man • Hall Cross • Lomond • Loch Lomond • Old Orkney • Clackmannon • Ben Lomond • Lacio • Aboyeur • Craganour • Caricato • Beun Ojo • Seremond • Mollison • Marchmond • Fanmond • Hapsburg • Francis Joseph • Noble Star • Hamstar • Stornoway • Atheling • Limond • Limosin • Mask • Commendation • Limerick • Veilmond • All Veil • Rimveil • Veiled Threat • Velocity • Sandringham • Royal Tourist • Diamond Jubilee • Bellerophon • Sancy • Queen's Advocate • Weber • Coup De Vent • As De Espadas • Pombiquet • Last Reason • Ardelion • Madrigal • Mustafa • Almodovar • Portos • Bombero • Urbion • Ricuarte • Smasher • Campanazo • Ripley • Sin Sabor • Sol Naciente • Samuray • Brown Price • Melik • Saca Chispas • Caimican • Prinaldo • Mehemet Ali • Sidus • Lauzun • Melbourne • Agiato • Gros Papa • Roi Belge • Millonaire • Pietermaritzburg • Pioneer • Amsterdam • Brasil • Saint Marceaux • William The Third • Willonyx • King William • Holbeach • Sandal • Macon • Wrinkler • Rembrandt • Pilliwinkie • Olibrius • Beau Bill • Thrown In • Winkie • Nassovian • Nassau • Chaucer • Stedfast • The Night Patrol • Powerscourt • Comic Court • Musketoon • Donnithorne • Dan Russell • Dansellon • Prince Chimay • Vatout • Domaha • Knock Hard • Bois Roussel • Vatellor • Pearl Diver • My Love • Le Filou • Red Handed • Big Philou • Vattel • Mr Lee • Bounce • Antonym • Narvik • Atout Maitre • King Of Trumps • Conte Biancamano • Donzelon • Lord Chaucer • Rattlin' The Reefer • Rabelais • Jacobi • Nouvel An • Empressor • Verdun • Soldat De Verdun • Barranquero • Long Set • Rire Aux Larmes • Losir • Take My Tip • Durbar • Scaramouche • Pantalon • Altay • Xander • Bathorse • Indian Salute • Munibe • Haki • Lord Loris • Manistee • Lui • Dervio • Cavaliere d'Arpino • Bellini • Trau • Traghetto • Radames • Motrico • Hahnhof • Pendennis • Ramus • Biribi • Birikil • Labrador • Le Pacha • Marco Polo • Rialto • Saranak • Sanguinetto • Hern The Hunter • Eros • Wild Risk • Worden • Fort National • Mon Capitaine • Vimy • Fils D'Eve • Balto • Le Fabuleux • Waldmeister • Houdon • Rabirius • Fenimore Cooper • Hunting Ground • Darley Dale • St Savin • St Charlcote • Bright Steel • Westcourt • Juggernaut • St Girons • Patron Saint == Pedigree ==

St Simon is inbred 4S x 4S to the stallion Voltaire, meaning that he appears fourth generation twice on the sire side of his pedigree. ==See also==