MarketStandard Vanguard
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Standard Vanguard

The Standard Vanguard is a car which was produced by the Standard Motor Company in Coventry, England, from 1947 until 1963.

Vanguard Phase I
}} Chassis and running gear The car used a conventional chassis on which was mounted the slab sided body. The chassis members were made up of pressed-steel channel sections welded into a box chassis with cruciform bracing. Suspension was independent at the front with coil springs, and a live axle and leaf springs at the rear. Front and rear anti-roll bars were fitted. The brakes were hydraulic with 9-inch (228 mm) drums all round, and to make the most of the interior space a column gear change was used initially on the right of the steering wheel then later on the left. Engine The same wet liner engine was used throughout the range until the advent of the Six model in 1960, and was an overhead-valve unit of bore and stroke with single Solex downdraught carburettor. The compression ratio was 6.7:1, maximum power . Wet cylinder liners were fitted. The engine was essentially the same as that made by Standard for the Ferguson TE20 tractor, with some changes for automobile use. Transmission At first, the transmission included a three-speed gearbox with synchromesh on all forward ratios, controlled using a column-mounted lever. The option of Laycock-de-Normanville overdrive was announced at the end of 1949 and became available in June 1950, priced for UK buyers at slightly under £45 including purchase tax. Laycock overdrives were cable operated on top gear until 1954 when an electric solenoid was added; from now on the overdrive operated on the top two gears. Broadening the range of available bodies An estate car joined the range in 1950. There was also a panel van, capable of a payload, and a pickup version. These three models were used extensively by the RAF, with the 12-cwt van being the most common variant. Commercial In line with the post-war British export drive, virtually the total output was exported for the first two years of production and only in 1950 did significant home market deliveries start. The Vanguard was intended to achieve export sales, with a particular focus on Australia. During the immediate post-war period, cars were in short supply, creating a "seller's market". Restricted availability of the Vanguard helped attract willing buyers. Closer to home, in the slowly recovering West German market the Standard Vanguard recorded 405 sales in 1950, making it the country's third most popular imported automobile, in a list otherwise featuring much smaller cars from French and Italian manufacturers. In fact, the Vanguard sales in 1950 accounted for more than 70% of the British cars sold in West Germany that year, customers of other UK manufacturers having reportedly been caught out in the late 1940s by the lack of a dealer network and difficulties in obtaining replacement parts. File:Standard Vanguard Saloon 1951 (7902270400).jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase I Saloon File:1952 Standard Vanguard Phase l estate.jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase I Estate File:1950 Vanguard Phase I Pick up (14109848297).jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase I Coupe Utility File:Standard Vanguard Phase I van with weak pun on roof.JPG|Standard Vanguard Phase I Van File:Imperia Standard Vanguard Convertible (16519977122).jpg| Standard Vanguard Phase I Convertible by Imperia of Belgium Phase IA - 1952 facelift The body was updated in 1952 with a lowered bonnet line, a wider rear window and a new grille featuring a wide horizontal chrome bar in place of the narrow, more closely packed slats of the original grille. This became known as the Phase 1A. File:Standard Vanguard Phase IA 1952 rear.jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase 1A Saloon File:Standard Vanguard Estate - Flickr - mick - Lumix.jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase 1A Estate File:Standard Vanguard Phase 1A Pick-Up pic2.JPG|Standard Vanguard Phase 1A Pickup ==Vanguard Phase II==
Vanguard Phase II
4-door saloon| 3-door estate car| 5-door estate car| 2-door coupe utility (Australia)| 2-door panel van}} }} The Swiss importer for the Vanguard was an energetic firm called AMAG, which later took on the Swiss Volkswagen franchise. AMAG themselves assembled the Swiss market Phase I Vanguards, and it was at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1953 In February 1954 Standard became the first British car maker to offer a diesel engine as a factory fitted option. The chassis was stiffened and front suspension modified to take the weight of the heavier engine. For 1955, the Australian-built coupé utility was given a re-styled tail which resulted in extra room in the cargo area. It also featured a new full-width rear window and improved cabin features. As the coupe utility variant of the Phase III style was not yet available, an updated Phase II utility was offered in 1956 with a mesh grille, two-tone paint and new interior trim. Standard Vanguard Coventry (3854387415).jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase II Saloon File:Standard Vanguard 1954.jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase II Estate File:1954 Standard Vanguard Phase II Pickup (8431056995).jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase II Utility File:SLM M026750 - Tillverkningen av 1953 års Vanguard vid ANAs sammansättningsfabrik i Nyköping.jpg|Assembly at AB Nyköpings Automobilfabrik in Sweden ==Vanguard Phase III & Vanguard Sportsman==
Vanguard Phase III & Vanguard Sportsman
}} The Phase III, released to the market for the mid-October 1955 British International Motor Show, was a radical change with the elimination of the separate chassis. There was an overlap in availability of the old model with the Phase II estate continuing into 1956. UK fuel was no longer restricted to the 72 octane "Pool petrol" of the 1940s and early 1950s, and with the modest increases in available octane levels, the Vanguard's compression ratio was increased to 7.0:1. The engine with its single Solex downdraught carburettor now produced . The front suspension was independent, using coil springs, and was bolted to a substantial sub-frame which also carried the recirculating ball steering gear. Semi-elliptic leaf springs were used on the rear axle. Lockheed hydraulic brakes with drums were fitted front and rear. The three-speed gearbox had a column change and the optional overdrive was operated by a switch on the steering column. A four-speed floor change became an option. The new body was lower and had an increased glass area, making it look much more modern, and the old two-piece flat windscreen gave way to a one-piece curved design. The wheelbase increased by , giving much better passenger accommodation. A heater was now a standard fitting. Bench seats were fitted in front and rear with folding centre arm rests. They were covered in Vynide, with leather available as an option. The car was lighter than the superseded model, and the gearing was changed to deliver better economy with performance virtually unchanged. A car with overdrive was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1956. It had a top speed of , could accelerate from 0– in 21.7 seconds and had a fuel consumption of . The test car cost £998 including taxes. For 1957, the Australian-produced Phase III was given a facelift with a new mesh grille. with a tuned File:Standard Vanguard Phase III (15733731208).jpg|Standard Vanguard Phase III Saloon File:1957 Standard Vanguard Sportsman Sedan (25405655473).jpg|Standard Vanguard Sportsman ==Standard Ensign and Ensign De Luxe==
Standard Ensign and Ensign De Luxe
4 door saloon| 4 door estate car}} }} A basic model, the Standard Ensign, with 1670 cc engine, was announced in October 1957 restyled by Michelotti. The Ensign shared its body with the Vanguard Series III, but had a cheapened specification in various respects, including a mesh front grille and a simplified instrument panel and dashboard. Despite the generally lower specification, the Ensign was the first Vanguard-based car to have a four-speed gearbox. The gear lever was moved from the column to the floor, and overdrive was optional. Many were bought for company fleets and for the armed forces. Production ceased in 1961 with 18,852 examples having been produced. Production included 901 Mk II versions, produced only in 1961. An Ensign De Luxe version followed in 1962 and 1963 with a larger 2138 cc engine. Unlike the smaller-engined original version, the De Luxe was also available as an estate car. A 1670 cc Ensign was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1958. It recorded a top speed of , acceleration from 0– in 24.4 seconds and a fuel consumption of . The test car cost £899 including taxes of £300. In January 1960 a diesel engined Ensign was announced, featuring the compact "P4C" 1.6 litre four-cylinder engine produced by specialists Perkins of Peterborough. Claimed output was , with fuel consumption stated as "about 50 mpg" (5.6 L/100 km; 42 mpg-US). File:1960 Standard Ensign 1.7 Rear (1).jpg|Rear view File:1960 Standard Ensign 1.7 Interior.jpg|Interior File:Standard Ensign estate February 1963 2138cc.jpg|Standard Ensign Estate ==Vanguard Vignale==
Vanguard Vignale
}} A face-lift of the Phase III was designed by Italian stylist Giovanni Michelotti and coach-builders Vignale in 1958, and was introduced at the October 1958 Earls Court Motor Show. The windscreen and rear window were deeper, and there was a revised grill and trim. A floor change four-speed manual gearbox was now fitted, and the provision of a three-speed gear box with column change offered as an option. An overdrive was also offered an option, as was an automatic. One automatic car is known to have survived - there may be others. The car had front and rear bench seats, which were covered, as standard, in Vynide. Leather was an option on the home market and cloth for exported models. A heater and (unusual for the time) electric windscreen washers were factory fitted, although a radio remained an option. A Vignale with overdrive was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1959. It recorded a top speed of , acceleration from 0– in 20.8 seconds and a fuel consumption of . The test car cost £1147 including taxes of £383. File:Standard Vanguard Vignale 1959 2080cc.JPG|Standard Vanguard Vignale Saloon File:Standard Vanguard Estate Car (16325915339).jpg|Standard Vanguard Vignale Estate File:1959 Vanguard Vignale Utility (8704057732).jpg|Standard Vanguard Vignale Utility ==Vanguard Six==
Vanguard Six
Introduced at the end of 1960, the last of the Vanguards featured a six-cylinder 1,998 cc engine with push-rod overhead valves: this was the engine subsequently installed in the Triumph 2000. The compression ratio was 8.0:1, and twin Solex carburettors were fitted giving an output of at 4500 rpm. File:1962 Standard Vanguard 6 (6429736339).jpg|Standard Vanguard Six Saloon File:Standard Vanguard estate registered July 1961 2088cc.JPG|Standard Vanguard Six Estate File:Standard Vanguard Pick Up - Flickr - mick - Lumix.jpg|Standard Vanguard Six Utility (later version with horizontal rear lights) ==Replacement and end of Standard==
Replacement and end of Standard
No, there was a takeover battle with Massey started in 1958 then in late 1959 the Banner Lane factory which made the tractors for Ferguson was sold to Massey but the Vanguard and Ferguson engine factory was kept. Massey put Perkins engines in their tractors. The Herald was on sale before the tractor factory was sold. The next text is uncited editorial opinion even if it is possibly correct This left the slow-selling Vanguard as the flagship. It was a 1954 design, and was no competition for the Vauxhall Velox and Ford Zephyr. As a panic measure, the Herald was stretched and widened into a prototype Vanguard replacement. A proposal was made to American Motors to build the Rambler American under licence.-->Leyland Motors took over Standard-Triumph in 1960 and the prototype Triumph 2000 progressed with new money, the engine being used by the Vanguard Six from 1961 to early 1963. The six was lighter than the old four and was a development based on the Standard Ten unit. Both the Ensign and the Vanguard were replaced in 1963 by the Triumph 2000, and the Standard name disappeared from the British market after 60 years. ==Vanguard Utility ==
Vanguard Utility
In 1950, the Australian subsidiary of the Standard Motor Company introduced a coupé utility version of the Vanguard Phase I. It was fitted with the same 2088 cc four-cylinder engine as used in the saloon. Utility versions of the Vanguard were produced in Australia over the following years, with production ending in 1964. The Vanguard Utility was sold in the UK as a pickup truck. The main purchaser was the Royal Air Force, which had them in Phase I and II form. The Phase II commercials remained available until 1958, when they were replaced by the Phase 3. Around 50 phase 3 pickups went to Welsh Water and the workshop manual pictures a pickup with a body by Awson. A gown van and a breakdown tender are shown in the brochure. Sales in the UK were modest, mostly due to stiff competition from the British Motor Corporation and from Standard's other commercial vehicles including the 5 cwt and later 7 cwt vehicles. With the discontinuation of the Vanguard Utility, the only commercial vehicle produced by the company was the Standard Atlas, and so that was the Vanguard Utility's replacement, but they did share some common parts. ==Die-Cast models==
Die-Cast models
Dinky Toys made a model of the Phase I. • Corgi Toys included a model of the Phase III saloon in their range from 1957 to 1961 as model No 207. Additionally, a Phase III saloon presented as a Royal Air Force Staff Car was available from 1958 to 1962 as model No 352. ==Notes==
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