Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry first suggested the idea of a
Star Trek feature in 1969. When the original television series was cancelled, he lobbied to continue the franchise through a film. The success of the series in
syndication convinced the studio to begin work on a feature film in 1975. A series of writers attempted to craft a suitably epic screenplay, but the attempts did not satisfy Paramount, so the studio scrapped the project in 1977. Paramount instead planned on returning the franchise to its roots with a new television series (
Phase II). The massive worldwide box office success of
Star Wars in mid-1977 sent Hollywood studios to their vaults in search of similar sci-fi properties that could be adapted or re-launched to the big screen. Following the huge opening of
Columbia's
Close Encounters of the Third Kind in late December 1977, production of
Phase II was cancelled in favor of making a
Star Trek film.
Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979) A massive energy cloud from deep space heads toward Earth, leaving destruction in its wake, and the
Enterprise must intercept it to determine what lies within, and what its intent might be. The movie borrows many elements from "
The Changeling" of the original series and "
One of Our Planets Is Missing" from the animated series.
Principal photography commenced on August 7, 1978 with director
Robert Wise helming the feature. The production encountered difficulties and slipped behind schedule, with effects team
Robert Abel and Associates proving unable to handle the film's large amount of effects work.
Douglas Trumbull was hired and given a
blank check to complete the effects work in time and location; the final cut of the film was completed just in time for the film's premiere. The film introduced an upgrade to the technology and starship designs, making for a dramatic visual departure from the original series. Many of the set elements created for
Phase II were adapted and enhanced for use in the first feature films. It received mixed reviews from critics; while it grossed $139 million the price tag had climbed to about $45 million due to costly effects work and delays.
Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982) Khan Noonien Singh (
Ricardo Montalbán), whom Kirk thwarted in his attempt to seize control of the
Enterprise fifteen years earlier ("
Space Seed"), seeks his revenge on the Admiral and lays a cunning and sinister trap.
The Motion Pictures gross was considered disappointing, but it was enough for Paramount to back a sequel with a reduced budget. After Roddenberry pitched a film in which the crew of the
Enterprise goes back in time to ensure the assassination of
John F. Kennedy, he was "kicked upstairs" to a ceremonial role while Paramount brought in television producer
Harve Bennett to craft a better—and cheaper—film than the first. After watching all the television episodes, Bennett decided that the character
Khan Noonien Singh was the perfect villain for the new film. Director
Nicholas Meyer finished a complete screenplay in just twelve days, and did everything possible within budget to give
The Wrath of Khan a nautical, swashbuckling feel, which he described as "
Horatio Hornblower in outer space".
Entertainment Weeklys
Marc Bernardin called
The Wrath of Khan "the film that, by most accounts, saved
Star Trek as we know it". Both the first and second films have television versions with additional footage and alternate takes that affect the storyline. (Subsequent
Star Trek films tended to have shorter television versions.) Especially notable in
The Wrath of Khan is the footage establishing that a young crew member who acts courageously and dies during an attack on the
Enterprise is Scotty's nephew.
Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984) The plot picks up shortly after the conclusion of the previous film. When McCoy begins acting irrationally, Kirk learns that Spock, in his final moments, transferred his
katra, his living spirit, to the doctor. To save McCoy from emotional ruin, Kirk and crew steal the
Enterprise and violate the quarantine of the Genesis Planet to retrieve Spock, his body regenerated by the rapidly dying planet itself, in the hope that body and soul can be rejoined. However, bent on obtaining the secret of Genesis for themselves, a renegade Klingon (
Christopher Lloyd) and his crew interfere, with deadly consequences. Meyer declined to return for this film, so directing duties were given to cast member
Leonard Nimoy. Paramount gave Bennett the green light to write
Star Trek III the day after
The Wrath of Khan opened. The producer penned a resurrection story for Spock that built on threads from the previous film and the original series episode "
Amok Time".
Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986) While returning to stand court-martial for their actions in rescuing Spock, Kirk and crew learn that Earth is under siege by a giant probe that is transmitting a destructive signal, attempting to communicate with the now-extinct species of
humpback whales. To save the planet, the crew must time-travel back to the late 20th century to obtain a mating pair of these whales. Nimoy returned as director for this film. Nimoy and Bennett wanted a film with a lighter tone that did not have a classic antagonist. They decided on a
time travel story with the
Enterprise crew returning to their past to retrieve something to save their present—eventually, humpback whales. After having been dissatisfied with the script written by
Daniel Petrie Jr., Paramount hired Meyer to rewrite the screenplay with Bennett's help. Meyer drew upon his own time travel story
Time After Time for elements of the screenplay. Star
William Shatner was promised his turn as director for
Star Trek V, and Nicholas Meyer returned as director/co-writer for
Star Trek VI.
Star Trek V: The Final Frontier (1989) Spock's half-brother (
Laurence Luckinbill) believes he is summoned by
God, and hijacks the brand-new (and problem-ridden)
Enterprise-A to take it through the Great Barrier, at the center of the
Milky Way, beyond which he believes his maker waits for him. Meanwhile, a young and arrogant Klingon captain (Todd Bryant), seeking glory in what he views as an opportunity to avenge his people of the deaths of their crewmen on Genesis, sets his sights on Kirk. This is the only Star Trek film directed by William Shatner.
Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991) When
Qo'noS' moon Praxis (the Klingon Empire's chief energy source) is devastated by an explosion, caused by over-mining, the catastrophe also contaminating Qo'noS' atmosphere, the Klingons make peace overtures to the Federation. While on the way to Earth for a peace summit, the Klingon Chancellor (
David Warner) is assassinated by
Enterprise crewmen, and Kirk and McCoy are held accountable by the Chancellor's Chief of Staff (
Christopher Plummer) and sentenced to life on a prison planet. Spock attempts to prove Kirk's innocence, but in doing so, uncovers a massive conspiracy against the peace process with participants from both sides. This film is a sendoff to the original series cast. One
Next Generation cast member,
Michael Dorn, appears as the grandfather of the character he plays in the later television series,
Worf. It is the second and last
Star Trek film directed by
Nicholas Meyer and last screenplay co-authored by Leonard Nimoy. ==
The Next Generation films==