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Mactridae

Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.

Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone. ==Ecology==
Ecology
Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates. ==Subfamilies and genera==
Subfamilies and genera
'' '' According to the World Register of Marine Species (2025), this family contains 56 genera and is split into the following subfamilies: ===Subfamily Darininae=== • Darcinia Clark, 1946 • Darina J. E. Gray, 1853 ===Subfamily Lutrariinae=== • Eastonia J. E. Gray, 1853 • Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855 • Lutraria Lamarck, 1799 • Meropesta Iredale, 1929 • Standella J. E. Gray, 1853 • Tresus J. E. Gray, 1853 • Zenatia J. E. Gray, 1853 • Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963 ===Subfamily Mactrinae=== • Allomactra Tomlin, 1931 • Austromactra Iredale, 1930 • Barymactra Cossmann, 1909 • Coelomactra Dall, 1895 • Crassula Marwick, 1948 • Cyclomactra Dall, 1895 • Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930 • Harvella J. E. Gray, 1853 • Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018 • Leptospisula Dall, 1895 • Mactra Linnaeus, 1767 • Mactrella J. E. Gray, 1853 • Mactrellona J. G. Marks, 1951 • Mactrinula J. E. Gray, 1853 • Mactromeris Conrad, 1868 • Mactrotoma Dall, 1894 • Maorimactra H. J. Finlay, 1928 • Mulinia J. E. Gray, 1837 • Oxyperas Mörch, 1853 • Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866 • Rangia Desmoulins, 1832 • Sarmatimactra Korobkov, 1954 • Scalpomactra H. J. Finlay, 1928 • Scissodesma Gray, 1837 • Simomactra Dall, 1894 • Spisula J. E. Gray, 1837 • Trinitasia Maury, 1928 • Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935 • Mactrona Marwick, 1952 • Petromactra Saul, 1973 ===Subfamily Resaniinae=== • Resania J. E. Gray, 1853 ===Subfamily Tanysiphoninae=== • Tanysiphon W. H. Benson, 1858 ===Incertae sedis=== • Aktschagylia Starobogatov, 1970 • Aliomactra Stephenson, 1952 • Andrussella Korobkov, 1954 • Avimactra Andrusov, 1905 • Caspimactra A. A. Ali-Zade & Kabakova, 1969 • Chersonimactra Paramonova, 1978 • Cryptomactra Andrussow, 1902 • Cymbophora Gabb, 1869 • Eopapyrina Woodring, 1982 • Geltena Stephenson, 1946 • Ionesimactra Signorelli, 2023 • Kirghizella Andrusov, 1902 • Mactrodesma Conrad, 1869 • Mactrona Marwick, 1952 • Mulinoides Olsson, 1944 • Nelltia Stephenson, 1952 • Nymphactra Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992 • Ovamactra Woodring, 1982 • Petromactra Saul, 1973 • Planimactra Ionesi, 1986 • Podolimactra Ionesi, 1986 • Praerangia Cossmann, 1908 • Priscomactra Stephenson, 1952 • Pseudomactra Steklov, 1960 • Pteroluter Saul, 1973 • Stereomactra Stewart, 1930 • Stiphromactra Böhm, 1929 • Tenuimactra Garvie, 1996 • Willimactra Saul, 1973 • Zenatiopsis Tate, 1880 ==References==
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