Silver Spring Campus Since 1993, NOAA's administrative headquarters has been located at the Silver Spring Metro Center office complex in downtown
Silver Spring, Maryland. The consolidated , four-building campus was constructed in 1993 and is home to over 40 NOAA sub-agencies and offices, including the
National Weather Service.
Administrator Neil Jacobs was confirmed as Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere and NOAA Administrator on Oct 7th, 2025 and he took over shortly thereafter. Prior to that, NOAA Chief of Staff Laura Grimm had been the Acting Under Secretary since March 31, 2025 and prior to that
Nancy Hann had held this role following the change of administrations on January 20, 2025 when
Rick Spinrad resigned.
Neil Jacobs, then Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Environmental Observation and Prediction, served as acting
Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere at the US Department of Commerce and as NOAA's interim administrator from February 25, 2019, to January 20, 2021 during the first Trump Administration. Jacobs succeeded
Timothy Gallaudet, who succeeded Benjamin Friedman. The three served in series as NOAA's interim administrator throughout the
first Trump Administration.
Independent agency proposal NOAA was created by an executive order in 1970 and has never been established in law, despite its critical role. In January 2023,
The Washington Post reported that Congressman
Frank Lucas, the new chair of the House Science, Space and Technology Committee, had released draft legislation to make NOAA an independent agency, rather than it being part of the Commerce Department. Lucas' push was in response to Republican leaders who had signaled plans to slash funding for agencies and programs that continued to receive annual appropriations, but had not been reauthorized by Congress. "It's been made quite clear in the Republican conference that my friends don't want to fund programs that are not properly authorized," said Lucas. "NOAA is very important, so we need to get it authorized."
Services NOAA works toward its mission through six major line offices: the
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), the
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), the
National Ocean Service (NOS), the
National Weather Service (NWS), the
Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) and the
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO). NOAA has more than a dozen staff offices, including the Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology, the
NOAA Central Library, the Office of Program Planning and Integration (PPI). This is done through a collection of national and regional centers, 13 river forecast centers (RFCs), and more than 120 local weather forecast offices (WFOs). They are charged with issuing weather and river
forecasts,
advisories, watches, and warnings on a daily basis. They issue more than 734,000 weather and 850,000 river forecasts, and more than 45,000 severe weather warnings annually. NOAA data is also relevant to the issues of
climate change and
ozone depletion. The NWS operates
NEXRAD, a nationwide network of Doppler
weather radars which can detect
precipitation and their velocities. Many of their products are broadcast on
NOAA Weather Radio, a network of radio
transmitters that broadcasts weather forecasts, severe weather statements, watches and warnings 24 hours a day.
National Ocean Service The
National Ocean Service (NOS) focuses on ensuring that ocean and coastal areas are safe, healthy, and productive. NOS scientists, natural resource managers, and specialists serve America by ensuring safe and efficient marine transportation, promoting innovative solutions to protect coastal communities, and conserving marine and coastal places. The National Ocean Service is composed of eight program offices: the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services, the Office for Coastal Management, the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, the
Office of Coast Survey, the Office of
National Geodetic Survey, the Office of
National Marine Sanctuaries, the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, and the
Office of Response and Restoration. There are two NOS programs, the
Mussel Watch Contaminant Monitoring Program and the NOAA Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS). There are two staff offices, the International Program Office and the Management and Budget Office.
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service The
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) was created by NOAA to operate and manage the US environmental satellite programs, and manage NWS data and those of other government agencies and departments. NESDIS's
National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) archives data collected by the NOAA,
United States Navy,
United States Air Force, the
Federal Aviation Administration, and meteorological services around the world. It comprises the Center for Weather and Climate, previously NOAA's
National Climatic Data Center, the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), the
National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), and the
National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)). In 1960,
TIROS-1, NASA's first owned and operated geostationary satellite, was launched. Since 1966, NESDIS has managed polar orbiting satellites (POES). Since 1974, it has operated
geosynchronous satellites (GOES). In 1979, NOAA's first
polar-orbiting environmental satellite was launched. Current operational satellites include
NOAA-15,
NOAA-18,
NOAA-19,
GOES 13,
GOES 14,
GOES 15,
Jason-2,
DSCOVR and
SWO-F1. In 1983, NOAA assumed operational responsibility for the
Landsat satellite system. Since May 1998, NESDIS has operated the
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites on behalf of the
Air Force Weather Agency. New generations of satellites are developed to succeed the current polar orbiting and geosynchronous satellites, the
Joint Polar Satellite System, and
GOES-R, which launched in November 2016. NESDIS runs the Office of Projects, Planning, and Analysis (OPPA) formerly the Office of Systems Development, the Office of Satellite Ground Systems (formerly the Office of Satellite Operations) the Office of Satellite and Project Operations, the Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR)], the Joint Polar Satellite System Program Office the
GOES-R Program Office, the International & Interagency Affairs Office, the
Office of Space Commerce and the Office of System Architecture and Advanced Planning.
National Marine Fisheries Service The
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), also known as NOAA Fisheries, was initiated in 1871 with a primary goal of the research, protection, management, and restoration of commercial and recreational
fisheries and their habitat, and protected species. The NMFS operates twelve headquarters offices, five regional offices, six fisheries science centers, and more than 20 laboratories throughout the United States and U.S. territories, which are the sites of research and management of marine resources. The NMFS operates the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement in
Silver Spring, Maryland, which is the primary site of marine resource law enforcement.
Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research NOAA's research, conducted through the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR), is the driving force behind NOAA environmental products and services that protect life and property and promote economic growth. Research, conducted in OAR laboratories and by extramural programs, focuses on enhancing our understanding of environmental phenomena such as tornadoes, hurricanes, climate variability, solar flares, changes in the ozone,
air pollution transport and dispersion,
El Niño/
La Niña events, fisheries productivity, ocean currents, deep sea thermal vents, and coastal ecosystem health. NOAA research also develops innovative technologies and observing systems. The NOAA Research network consists of seven internal research laboratories, extramural research at 30
Sea Grant university and research programs, six undersea research centers, a research grants program through the Climate Program Office, and 13 cooperative institutes with academia. Through NOAA and its academic partners, thousands of scientists, engineers, technicians, and graduate students participate in furthering our knowledge of natural phenomena that affect the lives of us all. The
Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) is one of the laboratories in the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. It studies processes and develops models relating to climate and air quality, including the transport, dispersion, transformation and removal of
pollutants from the ambient atmosphere. The emphasis of the ARL's work is on data interpretation, technology development and transfer. The specific goal of ARL research is to improve and eventually to institutionalize prediction of trends, dispersion of
air pollutant plumes,
air quality, atmospheric deposition, and related variables. The
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), is part of NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, located in
Miami,
Florida. AOML's research spans hurricanes, coastal ecosystems, oceans, and human health, climate studies, global carbon systems, and ocean observations. AOML's organizational structure consists of an Office of the Director and three scientific research divisions, Physical Oceanography, Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems, and Hurricane Research. The Office of the Director oversees the Laboratory's scientific programs, as well as its financial, administrative, computer, outreach/education, and facility management services. Research programs are augmented by the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a joint enterprise with the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. CIMAS enables AOML and university scientists to collaborate on research areas of mutual interest and facilitates the participation of students and visiting scientists. AOML is a member of a unique community of marine research and educational institutions located on Virginia Key in Miami, Florida.
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations The
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations is responsible for the fleet of NOAA ships, aircraft, and diving operations. It is the largest research fleet in the Federal government. Its personnel is made up of federal civil service employees and
NOAA Corps Commissioned Officers. The office is led by a NOAA Corps two-star
Rear Admiral, who also commands the NOAA Corps.
National Geodetic Survey The
National Geodetic Survey (NGS) is a major surveying organization in the United States.
National Integrated Drought Information System The
National Integrated Drought Information System is a program within NOAA with an interagency mandate to coordinate and integrate drought research, building upon existing federal, tribal, state, and local partnerships in support of creating a national drought early warning information system.
NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps of the NOAA Hurricane Hunters flies over
NOAAS Ronald H. Brown. The
NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps is a
uniformed service of men and women who operate
NOAA ships and aircraft, and serve in scientific and administrative posts.
List of agencies and programs •
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) •
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC); Dissolved In 2015 •
National Centers for Envirokfkrnmental Information (NCEI) •
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS or NOAA Fisheries) •
NOAA Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement (NOAA OLE) •
Seafood Inspection Program • during Operation Kohola Guardian.
Central Florida Lot Seafood Inspection Office (CFLSIO) •
Pacific Islands Regional Office •
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) •
Human Capital Management Office (NMFS HCMO) •
National Ocean Service (NOS) •
Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) •
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) •
Office of Coast Survey (OCS) •
Office for Coastal Management (OCM) •
National Geodetic Survey (NGS) •
Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) •
Monitor National Marine Sanctuary (MNMS) •
Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R)|295x295px •
Marine Debris Program (MDP) •
National Weather Service (NWS) •
List of National Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices; 122 Weather Forecast Offices (NWS WFO) •
National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) •
Aviation Weather Center (AWC) •
Climate Prediction Center (CPC) •
Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) •
National Hurricane Center (NHC) •
Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program (HFIP) •
Ocean Prediction Center (OPC) •
Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) • , used for hurricane observation
Storm Prediction Center (SPC); inside the
National Weather Center (NWC) •
Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (HPC); Dissolved in 2013 •
Weather Prediction Center (WPC) •
Radar Operations Center (ROC); partly inside the
National Weather Center (NWC) •
River Forecast Centers (RFC) •
Center Weather Service Units (CWSU) •
National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) •
Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR or NOAA Research) •
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) •
Hurricane Research Division (HRD) •
Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) •
Earth System Research Laboratories (ESRL) •
Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL) •
Forecast Informed Reservoir Operations (FIRO) •
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) •
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) •
National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL); inside the
National Weather Center (NWC) •
VORTEX projects •
TOtable Tornado Observatory (TOTO) •
Automated NonContact Hydrologic Observation in Rivers (ANCHOR) •
Mid-latitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E); Dissolved 2011 •
Hydrological cycle in the Mediterranean EXperiment (HyMeX); Dissolved 2012 •
Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation experiment (DYNAMO); Dissolved 2012 •
Plains Elevated Convection At Night (PECAN); Dissolved 2015 •
Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) •
Warn-on-Forecast (WoF or WoFS) •
Targeted Observation by Radars and UAS of Supercells (TORUS) •
Propagation, Evolution, and Rotation in Linear Storms (PERiLS) •
Forecasting a Continuum of Environmental Threats (FACETs); Proposed office •
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) •
Climate Program Office (CPO) • rocket launched from
Cape Canaveral carrying NOAA's
GOES-T satellite
Uncrewed Systems Research Transition Office (UxSRTO); Dissolved in March 2024 • Cooperative Institutes; partially funded/operated by NOAA OAR •
Cooperative Institute for Climate Science (CICS-P) •
Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS-M) •
Cooperative Institute for Arctic Research (CIFAR) •
Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research (CILER) •
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) •
Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Climate (CIMEC) •
Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations (CIWRO); inside the
National Weather Center (NWC) •
Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies (CIMRS) •
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) •
Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region (CINAR) •
Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research, and Technology (CIOERT) •
Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) •
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) •
Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (CIPIR/JIMAR) •
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) •
Northern Gulf Institute (NGI) •
NOAA Nursing Mothers Program (NOAA NMP) •
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) •
U.S. National Geodetic Survey (NGS) •
NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps) •
Aircraft Operations Center (AOC) •
National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) •
U.S. National Ice Center (USNIC); Jointly owned and operated by the
Department of Defense (DOD) and
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) == Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ==