It was founded on August 19, 1767 by the colonial agency
LeRoy and Pictet and 169
Lutheran immigrants from Germany, following
Catherine the Great's manifesto of July 22, 1763, which guaranteed settlers in the Russian Empire free transport and monetary support in reaching their new
colonies, free choice of settlement location, freedom of trade, freedom from taxation for thirty years, interest-free loans for ten years, freedom of religion, freedom from conscription in perpetuity, and freedom of return to their homelands, but at their own expense. The settlement was named Lauwe after the first elder of the village. Its original demarcation consisted of 4,455
desiatinas. The first forty-seven settler families came from Bavaria (
Nuremberg), Baden, Hesse (
Darmstadt and
Neu-Isenburg), the Palatinate, the Rhineland, Saxony, and Brandenburg. It was one of the ten colonies established by LeRoy and Pictet south of
Saratov on the "meadow" (eastern) side of the Volga and along its eastern
tributary, the
Terlyk. In later years, it was also known under the German names of Laube and Schönfeld. In 1774, Lauwe was looted by the rebels of the
peasant rebellion led by
Yemelyan Pugachev. The German colonists' special status was nullified under the
Russification measures which began as part of Tsar
Alexander II's reforms and
continued under his successor,
Alexander III, and some of the male colonists who had been conscripted were killed in the
Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1888. Between 1871 and 1914, some of the Volga Germans left Lauwe and emigrated to North and South America. When
Nazi Germany broke the
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and invaded the
Soviet Union in
Operation Barbarossa in 1941,
Stalin abolished the
Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and signed an order of banishment against ethnic Germans, which took effect on September 16, 1941. The population of Lauwe was exiled to the
Kazakh SSR and the village was renamed Yablonovka ('apple-tree village', after a nearby ravine where apple trees were growing wild) in 1941. The log houses built by the ethnic Germans were torn down and used as firewood. Post-war hopes for the re-establishment of the Volga German ASSR and return of the deportees were dashed by a February 21, 1992 decree of
Boris Yeltsin in Saratov, and Yablonovka is now populated primarily by Russians. ==Demographics==