Note: Unlike the chapters and verses of the Bible used in biblical studies, textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle (PVL) employs notation by page and line. For example, a notation such as "3.2" refers to the "third (3rd) page, second (2nd) line". 0 0.1 : – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix : – Rad Aka Ipa α : – Xle : –
Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction 0.2 : – Rad Aka Ipa Xle α :
omitted – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix 0.2–3 : – Lav : –
Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction 0.3 : – Lav Byč Šax Lix : –
Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction :
omitted – all other manuscripts, α
1 1.1 : – Lav Tro Aka Ipa Byč Lix α : – Xle : – Rad : – Šax 1.2 : – Tro Byč Lix : – Rad Aka α : – Ipa : – Xle : – Šax : – Lav 1.3 : – Lav Tro Ipa Byč Šax Lix α : – Aka Rad (афетъ) Xle (и афе) 1.9 : – Lav : – Tro : – Rad Aka (3 ї/и variations) : – Ipa : – Xle
3 3.8 : – Rad Aka Ipa Xle Šax α : – Lav Byč Lix : – Tro : –
George Hamartolos :: See also
Generations of Noah 3.8–3.9 : –
George Hamartolos : – α
4 4.12 : – Lav : – Tro : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle :: The
Urmane are usually interpreted as "
Normans" or "
Norsemen";
Gote as either "
Goths" or "
Gotlanders";
A(n)gnjane or
Agljane as "
Angles" / "
English"; and
Galichane as either "Galicians" (and thus translated as "Spaniards", see
Galicia (Spain)), "
Gauls" or "
Welsh". 4.13 : – Tro Ipa Xle Šax α : – Lav Byč Lix :
omitted – Rad Aka :: It is unclear what
Volokhove (or
Volŭkhva) means. Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1930, 1953) translated it as "Italians" (compare modern Polish
Włochy "Italy" or "Italians"); but in 6.6 he rendered Волохомъ/Волхомъ/Волотомъ as
Vlakhs. Lunt (1995) described the
Volokhs as 'people speaking Latin or a Romance language.' Thuis (2015) translated both as "Vlachs", adding 'This is possibly a
Celto-Romance people.' 4.13 : – Tro Byč Šax Lix α; (римлѧне) Lav Xle; (римлѧнѣ) Ipa :
omitted – Rad Aka
5 5.22 : – Lav Byč Lix : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa ::The
N- ethnonym is unclear. Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1930, 1953) rendered them as
the Noricians, who are identical to the Slavs. Lunt (1995), noting that Lav and Rad 'have independent corruptions', translated Ipa/Xle/Aka as
(those) called Norci
, who are Slavs. He commented: 'These clauses do not fit together easily. (...) This rather odd sentence seems, then, to imply that the Norci are a sub-tribe of Slavs.' Thuis (2015) wrote
the Noriks, who are Slavs, adding 'The inhabitants of the Roman province of
Noricum along the Danube. Possibly, this is a reference to the purported
Urheimat of the Slavic people.' 5.23–25 See also
Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902) 6 6.6–8 See also
Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902) 6.13 : – Rad Ipa Xle (деревлѧ) : – α : – Lav Aka : – Byč Šax Lix
7 7.21–22 : – Ipa (жералы) Xle : – Rad Aka (понтьское) : – α Šax (понтьское) : – Lav Byč Lix
8 7.21–9.4 Journey of
Andrew the Apostle along the Dnieper from Korsun via the future site of Kyiv towards the future site of Veliky Novgorod.
9–10 9.5–10.16 9.5–21 The legendary founding of Kiev (
Kyiv) 9.17 : – Lav Tro Rad Ipa Byč Lix : – Aka Xle Šax α 9.26–10.16 The acts of Kyi, and the death of the four siblings. 10.5 : – Lav : – Tro : – Byč : – Lix : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle : – Šax : – α
12 12.16 : – Rad Aka Ipa : – Byč Lix α : – Lav : – Tro : – Šax : [lacuna] – Xle
16 16.21–17.3
17 17.4–24 Prediction of Khazar downfall. 17.25–29 See also
Primary Chronicle § Opening date error.
19–20 23 25 25.10–21 See also
Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902) 26 26.21 : – Lav : – Rad, Aka, : – Ipa, Xle,
29–32 32–37 41 41.13 reference to
Acts 19:13–14.
46–54.12a 54.12b–55.9 The death of
Igor of Kiev.
55.10–60.8 Olga's revenge on the Derevlians. See also
Olga of Kiev § Drevlian Uprising. 55.10 : – Lav, Byč, Lix : – Tolstoy, Šax, α : – Ipa : – Rad, Xle : – Aka, Kom 55.22 : – Ipa, Byč, Šax, Lix, α : – Aka : – Kom, Tolstoy : – Xle : – Rad : – Lav 55.23 : – Rad (воротиславль. и), Xle(идеже) : – Aka : – Ipa : – Lav : – Byč, Šax, Lix : – α 55.24 :
omitted – Lav : – Rad (гра.), Aka (чюнь.), Ipa (города), Xle (перевѣсишто; города.), Byč (Чюдинъ), Šax (вънѣ), Lix (Чюдинъ), α (вънѣ) 55.25 : – Rad, Aka, α : – Byč, Šax, Lix : – Kom, Tolstoy (другии) : – Ipa (демесниковъ), Xle (деместниковь) : – Lav :: Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953): 'another palace, where the palace of the Cantors is now situated'. 56.1 : – Lav : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle : – Kom Tolstoy (деревъскаꙗ) : – Byč, Šax (Деревьска), Lix : – α
60–62 60.25–62.8 Olga's visit to
Tsargrad (
Constantinople), and conversion to Byzantine Christianity. See also
Olga of Kiev § Conversion. 60.26 : – Lav : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle : – Kom : – NAk Tol :: Ostrowski (2007): 'Since the emperor at the time was not
Tsimiskes but
Constantine, the reading Костянтинъ сынъ Леоновъ might be considered a correction of the primary but historically incorrect reading.' 61.21b–22 : – Lav : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Ipa : – Kom :: Butler (2008): '[Ostrowski et al. (2003)], lines 61,22, omits "esi" after "Perekliukala" (sometimes with vocative "Ol'go"), which causes some manuscripts to read, "You have fooled, me, Ol'ga."' 62.8–25 Epilogue to Olga's conversion 62.14–18 biblical quotation
Proverbs 1:20–22 : – α : –
Proverbs 1:20–22
NIV 62.22–23 biblical quotation
Proverbs 2:2 62.23–24 biblical quotation
Proverbs 8:17 62.24–25 biblical quotation
John 6:37
63 63.8–9 biblical quotation
1 Corinthians 1:18 : – α : –
1 Corinthians 1:18
NIV ::Compare
Deuteronomy 21:18–21.
65–67 65.14–18
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria (first part) 65.19–67.20
Siege of Kiev (968) 69–73 69–73
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria (second part)
75–76 79 82–83 84–121 84.18 : – Lav 111.23–24 (NPL 152.10–11) : – Lav Byč Lix : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle : – Kom Tol Šax : – α :: Ostrowski (2007): 'Here the expected reading is 'marriage' (брачение) since
Volodimir had already been 'betrothed' (обручение) to
Anna earlier in the narrative.' Müller (2006) and Gippius (2002) argued that 'marriage' (брачение) was the primary reading, and that 'betrothal' (обручение) had to have been a later corruption in the protograph of Ipa and Kle, which had also contaminated Rad and Aka. Ostrowski countered that 'one may ask why the scribe of [Rad/Aka] would adopt a contextually incorrect reading from the contaminating source to replace a contextually correct reading in his direct source.' Following the
lectio difficilior potior principle, Ostrowski asserted 'betrothed' (обручение) as the original text.
122–125 Volodimer' I defeated the Pechenegs on the river
Trubizh, and alleged founded Belgorod (
Bilhorod Kyivskyi) and
Pereyaslavl' (
Pereiaslav).
132–134 Killing of Boris and aftermath. See also
Boris and Gleb. 132.29–133.3 biblical quotation
Proverbs 1:16–19 : – α ("They make haste to shed blood unjustly. For they (133) promise blood, and gather evil. Their path runneth to evil, for they possess their souls in dishonor" (
Prov., i, 16-19).') : –
Proverbs 1:16–19
NIV) : –
Proverbs 1:16–19
LXX ABP
135–141.16 Killing of Gleb and aftermath. See also
Boris and Gleb. 135.1 : – Lav : – Rad, Aka : – Ipa : – Xle 135.27–136.1
Predslava Volodimerovna informs
Yaroslav Volodimerovich, version A. : – α : – Ipa Xle :Compare
Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction (NPL ml): :: – NPL ml 140.25–141.1
Predslava Volodimerovna informs
Yaroslav Volodimerovich, version B. : – α Lav Aka : – Ipa Xle Rad
141.17–142.24 Battle of Liubech (1016) between
Sviatopolk I of Kiev and
Yaroslav I of Kiev. '' Synodal manuscript (NPL St.) starts in the middle of a sentence about the
Battle of Liubech. The preceding
folios have been lost. 142.16–18 : – Rad Aka Ipat α : – Lav : – Xle 142.19 : – all PVL mss. and editions : – NPL st. : – NPL ml. ::Compare PVL 144.28–145.20 142.19–20 : – Rad Aka Ipat Xle α : – Lav Byč Šax Lix : – NPL st. NPL. ml. (Ярославъ иде къ)
142.25–144 147–149 151 151.19 : – Lav Ipa Xle (горѡд) Byč Lix : – Rad Aka (град) Šax α 151.20 : – Lav : – Ipa Xle Byč :
omitted – Rad Aka Šax Lix α 151.21 : – Lav Aka : – Rad : – Ipa : – Xle
152 152.20 : – Lav : – Aka, Ipa, Rad (соломнъ), Xle (солѡмонъ) Byč, Šax, Lix, α
161 The so-called Testament of
Yaroslav the Wise. 161.18 : – Lav Ipa Xle : – Šax α : – Rad : – Aka : – Kom : – NAk Tol : – Byč Lix :: It is not clear why 'to Igor[evi] Volo[di]merŭ' is found in relatively late copies, but not in the earliest copies. It could represent a harmonisation effort with 162.12–13 and 162.21–22, where all witnesses attest that 'Igor' [settled] in Volodimerŭ', and that when Vyacheslav died in Smolensk shortly thereafter, 'Igor' settled in Smolinĭskě, moving over from Volodimerŭ'. The Igor' in question is probably
Igor Yaroslavich, who reportedly died
sub anno 1060 (162.28). Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953) and Thuis (2015) both included the city as
Vladimir in their translations, footnoting it as "Vladimir-Volÿnsk" and "city in Volhynia" respectively (ergo, modern
Volodymyr, Volyn Oblast), without further explanation.
167–173 216–217 215.27–218.5 Eulogy of
Vsevolod Yaroslavich I of Kiev. Accession of
Sviatopolk Iziaslavich II of Kiev (with prominent role for
Vladimir II Monomakh).
218–225 218.6–226.3 Cuman (Polovtsi) invasion of Rus' (1093). See also Siege of
Torchesk and
Battle of the Stuhna River. 218.20–21 : – Lav, Bychkov, Karski, Likhachev : – Rad : – Aka : – Ipa : – Xle
226–255 226.3–255 Chernigov war of succession (1093–1097). See also Oleg I of Chernigov#Chernigov war of succession.
235 235.20 : – Lav : – Aka : – Rad
256–257 256–257.13.
257–263 257.13–263.17 The blinding of
Vasilko Rostislavich.
263–273 263.17–273.16 Internecine war in Rus' 1097–1100.
273–274 273.16–274.22
Council of Uvetichi ( 1100).
275–276 1101–1102. Dynastic challenges to Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev by Yaroslav Yaropolkich of Brest (?) and Mstislav Volodimerovich of Novgorod. Peace with Polovtsi.
277–279 1103 campaign against the Polovtsi (Cumans) by Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev and Vladimir II Monomakh. Battle of the Sutin River. :Compare the strikingly similar narrative of the 1111 campaign against the Polovtsi by Sviatopolk II and Monomakh in the Hypatian Codex лл.99–100.
280 1104: various dynastic events, siege of Minsk, signs in sky.
281 1105–1107: various dynastic events, Semigallians defeat Vseslavichi.
282 1107–1108: Polovtsi raid by
Boniak. Peace treaty. 282.25–283.3. See also
Aepa. : – Lav : – Ipat
283 1108–1109: Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev orders construction of various church buildings.
284–285 1109–1110: Rus' campaign against Polovtsi. Signs in sky at
Kyiv Pechersk Lavra, including lightning, pillars of fire and cloud, and an angelic apparation.
286.1–7 286.1–7 Only in Lav, Rad and Aka: colophon of
Sylvester of Kiev (1116).
286.7a–7pp 286.7a–7pp Only in Ipa and Xle:
Primary Chronicle continuation of the
Hypatian Codex and
Khlebnikov Codex (1110–1117). 286.7nn : – Ipa : – Xle : – Šax 1908 286.7oo : – Ipa : – Xle : – Šax 1908 286.7pp : – Ipa : – Xle : – Šax 1908 == Hypatian PVL continuation ==