2015–2017: Internet personality and Nasarati Hill said he began to isolate himself from "outside-of-class activities" during his teenage years. He spent large amounts of time online in hopes of building a following as an
internet personality to promote his work, but he was unsure what to focus on creatively. In a
Rolling Stone interview he stated, "I was doing Facebook comedy videos, then I moved over to Instagram, and then I hopped on Twitter ... where I really was a master. That was the first place where I could go viral." He also posted short-format comedy videos on Facebook and
Vine. In 2017, this account gained attention for its
flash fiction–style interactive "scenario threads" popularized on Twitter using dashboard app
TweetDeck. However, in May 2020, Lil Nas X admitted, in a tweet, to being a fan of Minaj. He explained why he initially denied it, stating that if people knew he was a fan of hers, they would think he was gay: "People will assume if you had an entire fan page dedicated to nicki u are gay. and the rap/music industry ain't exactly built or accepting of gay men yet". On June 17, 2020, Minaj responded to Nas, tweeting "It was a bit of a sting when you denied being a barb, but I understand. Congratulations on building up your confidence to speak your truth". Lil Nas apologized to Minaj, saying he "felt so bad, hoping u wouldn't see my denial". The @NasMarai account was later mentioned in a
New York Times Magazine article, which described Hill as having spent "every waking hour online, tweeting as @nasmaraj". It is also referenced in the music video for "Sun Goes Down", which shows Lil Nas X's many struggles growing up as a closeted teen and embracing his sexuality; he is seen tweeting while in high school from an account named "nasmiraj" as the lyrics "I'd be by the phone, stanning Nicki morning into dawn" play. Sometime in the year 2018, Hill landed on music as a path to success, and started writing and recording songs in his closet. On July 24, 2018, Lil Nas released his first mixtape
Nasarati on
SoundCloud, though it was not received with immediate fame;
Nasarati would be removed from streaming services soon after the release of
Old Town Road due to a copyright conflict and therefore would never gain significant traction. In late October 2018, he happened to hear the beat that would become "
Old Town Road". it samples
Nine Inch Nails' track "34 Ghosts IV" from their sixth studio album
Ghosts I–IV (2008). He recorded at a "humble" Atlanta studio, CinCoYo, on their "$20 Tuesdays", taking less than an hour. Lil Nas X began creating memes to promote "Old Town Road" before it was picked up by
TikTok users. TikTok encourages its 500 million global users to "endless imitation", with videos generating copies usually using the same music; the "app's frantic churn of content [...] acts as a potent incubator for viral music hits." Lil Nas X estimated he made about 100
memes to promote the song; Quartz.com says the song certainly owes part of its success to the demographic, and notes they are attracted to the song being repetitive, easy to sing along to, and using lyrics about riding horses and tractors, which children can relate to. It also debuted on the
Hot Country Songs chart at number 19 and
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs at number 36. After an "intense bidding war", Lil Nas X signed with
Columbia Records in March 2019. Another
Billboard spokesperson told
Genius, "
Billboards decision to take the song off of the country chart had absolutely nothing to do with the race of the artist." and peaking at 50. In response,
Sony Music Nashville CEO Randy Goodman told
Billboard that his team started testing the song in some country radio markets, adding "it would be negligent not to look at it". Media outlets also noted that the song brings attention to the historic cultural erasure of African-Americans from both
country music and the
American frontier era. In April 2019, country music star
Billy Ray Cyrus was featured on a remix of "Old Town Road", the first of several. That same month, Lil Nas X broke
Drake's record for the most U.S. streams from one song in one week with 143 million streams for the week ending April 11, surpassing Drake's "
In My Feelings" which had 116.2 million streams in a week in July 2018; as of August 2019 it has
streamed over a billion plays on
Spotify alone.
NBC News's Michael Arceneaux wrote, "In the social media age, Lil Nas X is arguably the first micro-platform crossover star." "
Panini" was released as Lil Nas X's second single through
Columbia Records on June 20, 2019. It is named after the fictional
cabbit bear of the same name in the animated television series
Chowder, and does not refer to
the sandwich of the same name. In September 2019, "Panini" had its first remix released with rapper
DaBaby. Lil Nas X released his second
extended play, titled
7, on June 21, 2019. The EP debuted at number two on the
Billboard 200 chart. On June 23, 2019, Lil Nas X performed with Cyrus at the
2019 BET Awards. On June 30, Lil Nas X made his international debut at the largest greenfield festival in the world, the UK's annual
Glastonbury Festival, when he and Billy Ray Cyrus made a surprise appearance and joined
Miley Cyrus for the song, before performing "Panini" solo in a set seen nationally on
BBC. On the same day, Lil Nas X became one of the most visible Black
queer male singers when he
came out as gay. This was especially significant for an artist in the country and hip hop genres, both of which emphasize
machismo and "historically snubbed queer artists". On August 19, 2019, Lil Nas X opened for Katy Perry at a concert Amazon held for its employees to celebrate its Prime Day sale.
2020–2021: Montero On July 7, 2020, Lil Nas X revealed that his debut album was "almost finished". He also stated that he was working on a
mixtape, and invited producers to submit their beats for his new music. On November 8, 2020, he announced a new single, "
Holiday", which was released on November 13. On
Roblox, a virtual concert was held to promote Lil Nas X's single, with Lil Nas X-related items in the game's avatar shop. The single debuted at 37 on the
Billboard Hot 100, while the song's music video accumulated tens of millions of views within the first several weeks of release. In January 2021, he released a children's book,
C Is for Country. The following month, he previewed his new song, "
Montero (Call Me by Your Name)" in a
Super Bowl LV commercial. The song was officially released on March 26, 2021, along with an accompanying music video. On the same day, Lil Nas X revealed that his debut album would be named
Montero, and that it would be released in mid-2021. The video prompted strong reactions. The song was seen by many as a valuable expression of
queerness, though prominent conservative and Christian figures accused Lil Nas X of
sacrilege and
devil worship. Despite the controversy, "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", debuted at number one on the
Billboard Hot 100, becoming Lil Nas X's second chart-topping single and third top-ten single. On March 29, 2021, Lil Nas X partnered with New York-based art collective
MSCHF to release a modified pair of
Nike Air Max 97s called
Satan Shoes, which may be seen on Satan's feet in the music video used to promote the release of "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)". The shoes are black and red with a bronze pentagram, filled with "60cc and 1 drop of human blood". Only
666 pairs were made at a price of $1,018.
Nike said they were uninvolved in the creation and promotion of the shoes and did not endorse the messages of Lil Nas X or MSCHF. The company filed a trademark lawsuit against MSCHF in New York federal court. On April 1, the judge issued a temporary restraining order blocking the sale and distribution of the shoes pending a preliminary injunction. Lil Nas X responded to the lawsuit with a
meme on Twitter showing himself as the character
Squidward, homeless and asking for money. Later, he released a prelude video for the song "
Industry Baby", which stages a fake "Nike vs. Lil Nas X" trial in the Supreme Court, during which people discuss the
Satan Shoes before condemning the singer for being gay. Following the controversies surrounding his previous song and its promotion, Lil Nas X released the more introspective single "
Sun Goes Down" on May 21, 2021, wherein he reflects on his struggles with bullying and coming to terms with his homosexuality in his upbringing. He performed the song alongside "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)" at
Saturday Night Live a day later, where he suffered a
wardrobe malfunction during a
pole dance routine when the seam of his trousers split, leaving him unable to finish it properly. On June 29, Lil Nas posted a promotional video of his debut album, ending it with
Montero, the Album. He also posted a snippet of a previously teased track called "
Industry Baby". The song was released as a single on July 23, featuring rapper
Jack Harlow, with production by
Kanye West and
Take a Daytrip. The song debuted at number two on the
Billboard Hot 100 and reached number one on the chart for the ending week of October 23, 2021, becoming Lil Nas X's fourth top-ten single and third number one. On September 17, 2021,
Montero was released, along with its fourth single, "
Thats What I Want". On October 23, 2021, Lil Nas X made a surprise appearance at
Diplo's set at Electronic Daisy Carnival Las Vegas. During the appearance he performed "Industry Baby", "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", and "Old Town Road". On April 26, 2022, he announced his first
concert tour, the
Long Live Montero Tour. The tour was in support of
Montero, and began in September 2022 and ran through January 2023.
2022–present: Dreamboy On March 16, 2022, Lil Nas X returned from his hiatus, and teased two songs from his "almost finished" new album, "
Late to da Party" featuring
YoungBoy Never Broke Again, and "Down Souf Hoes" featuring
Saucy Santana. He also posted a preview of the track "Lean on My Body". "Late to da Party" was eventually released as a single on June 24, 2022. Lil Nas X said that the album would be "something fun, something for the summertime, something for the girls to get ready and party to". On his
Long Live Montero Tour, Lil Nas X performed his then-unreleased single "
Star Walkin'" and the intro to "Down Souf Hoes". On September 15, 2022,
Riot Games, the developers of the video game
League of Legends, announced a collaboration with Lil Nas X for the
2022 League of Legends World Championship through a press release, where they also declared him to be "President of League of Legends", in what
Kotaku journalist Isaiah Colbert called a publicity stunt. The anthem for the tournament, "Star Walkin'", was released on September 22 with an accompanying animated music video. He performed the song at the opening ceremony of the tournament on November 5. Additionally, a custom outfit for a playable character in the game co-designed by Lil Nas X was temporarily made available in November. On March 17, 2023, Lil Nas X performed an extended play of the intro of the song during his
Lollapalooza Chile performance.
Lil Nas X: Long Live Montero, a documentary film by
Carlos López Estrada and Zac Manuel, premiered at the
2023 Toronto International Film Festival. The premiere was delayed by roughly half an hour because of a
bomb threat from a caller who supposedly targeted Lil Nas X for being a black queer artist. However, according to a spokesperson for the festival, "To our knowledge, this was a general threat and not directed at the film or the artist." The threat was ultimately proven to not be credible. On January 3, 2024, Lil Nas X announced the single "
J Christ", which was released on January 12. The song debuted and peaked at number 69 on the
Billboard Hot 100, marking his first lead single to not reach number one on the chart. His next single, "Where Do We Go Now", was released on January 26, 2024, to accompany the streaming release of the documentary
Lil Nas X: Long Live Montero. In March, Lil Nas X released a song he had been teasing on social media titled "
Light Again" to his SoundCloud without his label Columbia's permission, to which he added "might get in trouble for releasing this song without [my] label's permission" on X. Lil Nas X was featured on
Camila Cabello's single "
He Knows" which was released on May 10, 2024. Following the underperformance of "J Christ", in November 2024 Lil Nas X announced the beginning of a new album titled
Dreamboy through a visual teaser on his social media accounts and released "Light Again" as a single. "Light Again" was released as an official single on November 15, 2024. He followed it up with "Need Dat Boy" a week later, with both singles failing to chart on the
Billboard Hot 100 and other major charts. "
Hotbox" was released on March 14, 2025. ==Musical style and influences==