He was born on July 16, 1934 in
San Miguel de Tucumán and is generally considered an influential and innovative figure in Latin America both as journalist and a novelist. Eloy Martínez obtained a degree in
Spanish and
Latin American literature from the
University of Tucumán, and a Masters of Art at the
University of Paris. From 1957 to 1961 he was a film critic in
Buenos Aires for the
La Nación newspaper, and he then was editor in chief of the magazine
Primera Plana between 1962 and 1969. From 1969 to 1970 he worked as a reporter in
Paris. In 1969 Eloy Martínez interviewed former Argentine President
Juan Domingo Perón, who was exiled in
Madrid. These interviews were the basis for two of his more celebrated novels:
La Novela de Perón (1985) and
Santa Evita (1995). In these as in many of his books he combined historical true facts with fictional content in a way unparalleled by any other Latin American writer. In 1970 he and many former writers of
Primera Plana worked at the magazine
Panorama, where Eloy Martínez was the director. He also collaborated in the newspaper
La Opinion, founded by
Jacobo Timmerman. He is credited as helping Latin American writings be know around the world, including the
Gabriel García Márquez staple novel
One Hundred Years of Solitude. On August 15, 1972 he learned of the uprising of political prisoners in the jail at
Rawson,
Chubut Province.
Panorama was the only publication in Buenos Aires that reported the correct story of the affair in Rawson, which differed significantly from the official version of the
de facto Argentine government. On 22 August he was fired at the behest of the government, whereupon he went to Rawson and the neighboring city of
Trelew and from there he reported the
Massacre of Trelew in his book
The Passion According to Trelew. The book was banned by the Argentine dictatorship. For three years (1972–1975) Eloy Martínez was in charge of the cultural supplement of
La Nación.
La Opinión was shut down by the military authorities who seized power in 1976. After this, he was forced to live in exile (1975–1983) and moved to
Caracas,
Venezuela, where he remained active as a journalist, co-founding the newspaper
El Diario de Caracas. In his book
The Memoirs of the General he recounts that he was threatened by the "Triple A", the
Alianza Anticomunista Argentina, and on one occasion, gunmen held a pistol to the head of his three-year-old son because they were witnesses to a crime Eloy Martínez believed to be an operation led by the far-right paramilitary group. Around 1979, he met the intellectual
Susana Rotker, with whom he had a daughter Sol Ana in 1986. During the year 1984 he moved to the United States to the
Washington, D.C., area and was a professor at the
University of Maryland. In 1991, he participated in the creation and launch of the daily newspaper
Siglo 21 (November 8, 1991), owned by businessman Alfonso Dau and published by Jorge Zepeda Patterson in
Guadalajara,
Mexico, which ran for seven years, until December 1998. Also, he created the literary supplement
Primer Plano for the newspaper
Página/12 in Buenos Aires. The end of the 1990s saw him back in the United States, being entrusted as professor and director of the Latin American studies program at
Rutgers University in New Jersey, although he maintained his collaboration with Latin American newspapers throughout this period, which was the inspiration as well for his last book
Purgatory where he dealt with the sadness and melancholy of exile and the dire impact on the lives of the families of the "desaparecidos" (people that were kidnapped and presumed dead by the dictatorship known as "El Proceso"). Eloy Martínez was also a teacher and lecturer. He wrote columns for
La Nación and the
New York Times syndicate, and his articles have appeared in many newspapers and journals in Latin America. He was awarded the
Guggenheim and
Woodrow Wilson fellowships, and won the 2002
Premio Alfaguara de Novela for the novel
Flight of the Queen. His works deal primarily (but not exclusively) with Argentina during and after the rule of Juan Domingo Perón and his wife,
Eva Duarte de Perón (Evita). Tomás Eloy Martínez died in Buenos Aires on January 31, 2010, from cancer. An exhaustive list of his works may be found in
The Other Reality—Anthology with a prologue by Cristine Mattos, Buenos Aires, Fondo de Cultura Económica de Argentina, S.A., 2006. == Main publications ==