Toyota Corona

| 4-door sedan (T10) | 3-door van (T16V) }} | Toyota Crown | Toyopet Master }} | 995 cc S I4 (ST10/16V) | 997 cc P I4 (PT10/16V) }} | (sedan) | (van) }} | (sedan) | (van) }} | (sedan) | (van) }} | (sedan) | (van) }} }} The first-generation Corona, introduced in May 1957 and became available on the market two months later, was designed with parts from the previous-generation Crown and Master following a major restyle and enlargement of the Crown. The design of many of the body panels were cut down from the Master which had ceased production. Aside from the 4-door T10 sedan, the T16V 3-door van version was introduced in October 1958 as Toyopet Coronaline. Originally, the T10/16 Corona was fitted with the old sidevalve "S" engine, with . In April 1958 the Corona underwent a light facelift, with a new bonnet ornament and door handles. The tail light design of this generation is reminiscent of the 1949 Ford sedan. The OHV P series engine replaced the old S in October 1959, The car also underwent another facelift, including a mesh grille and a new rear seat which allowed seating for five rather than the previous four. As regulations regarding taxis at the time required engines no larger than , dealers restricted the power for taxi vehicles. Due to the upgrade in dimensions of the Crown, Toyota needed to continue manufacturing a vehicle with similar size dimensions to the first Crown, primarily to be used for taxi usage. This vehicle was also the first Toyota's car with a monocoque chassis structure, and an independent front suspension using double wishbones. Due to the monocoque chassis, Toyota was able to produce a vehicle under . == Second generation (T20, T30; 1960) ==

| Toyopet Corona | Toyopet Coronaline | Toyota 1900 | Toyota Tiara }} | March 1960 – September 1964 | April 1963 – unknown (Australia) }} | Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Motomachi plant) | Australia: Port Melbourne (AMI) }} | 4-door sedan | 3-door station wagon | 2-door coupe utility }} | 1.0 L P I4 (PT20/PT26/PT26V) | 1.5 L R I4 (RT20B/RT20D) | 1.9 L 3R I4 (RT30L) }} | 3-speed manual | 2-speed automatic "Toyoglide" }} | (sedan) | (sedan) | (pickup/van) }} | (sedan) | (pickup/van) }} }} This generation of the Corona was also known as the Tiara (in keeping with the crown naming convention) when exported by Toyota Motor Corporation. It was introduced at a critical time for the company in North America. Their first flagship car, the Toyopet Crown, was unsuccessful in the US market, and the Corona was added to offer a choice along with the Land Cruiser. At the time, there was little market for an off-road vehicle like the Land Cruiser. The front mask of the T20 Corona is reminiscent of the 1955–1957 Ford Thunderbird, and shares its appearance with the entry-level offering, called the Toyota Publica. The Tiara was introduced to sell alongside the Crown, as a smaller companion. Introduced in March 1960, the car was powered by a 1.0 L "P" series motor. With a three-speed manual transmission, top speed was a mere . were introduced in July and September 1960 with rigid axle semi-oval leaf spring rear suspension and 500 kg payload capacity, to fill commercial segment below the heavier capacity Toyota Stout. {{gallery | width = 200 | height = 125 == Third generation (T40, T50; 1964) ==

| Toyopet Corona | Toyota 1600GT (RT55) }} | September 1964 – January 1970 (Japan) }} | Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Motomachi plant) | Japan: Kariya, Aichi (Toyota Auto Body) | Australia: Port Melbourne, Victoria (AMI) | South Korea: Bupyeong-gu (Shinjin Motor)|New Zealand: Christchurch (Steel Brothers' Motor Assemblies) |5-speed manual (1600GT GT-5) one month before the 1964 Summer Olympics. It was available in sedan, two-door hardtop, three-door van, five-door station wagon (also as a van), two coupé utility variants The 1965 model marked a return of Toyota to the American market after withdrawing there temporarily in 1961. Toyota conducted a public demonstration of the new Corona's performance on the Meishin Expressway, where the new model was tested to , and was able to sustain speeds of . Toyota released the Corona one year after the debut of the Corona's traditional competitor, the Nissan Bluebird. In November 1966, Toyota introduced the Corolla, a smaller vehicle to address the market that needed a more fuel efficient vehicle, Originally, commercial models (three-door van, coupé utility, and double-cab coupé utility) utilized the 1,198 cc 2P engine, with at 5,000 rpm. In July 1965 the 2-door hardtop coupé body style was introduced. Top speed for the 1.2-litre Corona is . In January 1967 this also became available as a five-door van. The Toyota automatic transmission, marketed as Toyoglide, was introduced on this version of the Corona. The 4R (12R in Australian versions) engine that had a displacement of 1587 cc was equipped with a twin SU carburetor The 1600GT was offered as a more affordable junior version of the larger, more exclusive 2000GT. In production for only 13 months, 2,222 examples of the 1600GT were manufactured in Bellatrix Yellow, Pegasus White, Solar Red, and Thunder Silver metallic – all colours that were also offered on the 2000GT. The introduction of a two-door hardtop coupe reflected the growing prosperity of the Japanese economy. While the coupé offered some practical items like a spacious trunk and a rear seatback that folded down for additional items, it was offered as a single-occupant car that could accommodate three other passengers. A bench seat was not offered for front-seat passengers, and a console was blended into the dashboard, accommodating 4-speed or optional 5-speed. Due to its sporting nature, no automatic transmission was offered, and a limited slip differential was standard equipment. It was also built by Shinjin Motor in South Korea from 1966 until 1972. Corona Mark II (T60, T70; 1968) September 1968 saw the release of a larger model called the Corona Mark II. It was a slightly larger vehicle than the Corona with a higher level of equipment offered at the time, sharing some of the features of the larger Crown, but taking the top position at Toyopet Store locations. The Corona Mark II is longer, at over the Corona's length of for the sedan, and the coupe, with a width of in comparison to for the sedan and coupe. The height of the Mark II is lower at over for the sedan, but higher at for the coupé. After 1972, this was spun off as a separate platform, eventually dispensing with the "Corona" part of the name. == Fourth generation (T80, T90; 1970) ==

| February 1970 – July 1973 (Japan) }} | Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Motomachi plant) | Australia: Port Melbourne, Victoria (AMI) | New Zealand: Christchurch (Steel's Motor Assemblies under contract to Consolidated Motor Distributors) | South Korea: Bupyeong-gu (Shinjin Motor; New Corona) A slight change occurred in January 1971, when the 2R and 7R engines (RT80/82/86V) were replaced by the more powerful 12R and 6R units (RT81/84/87V). At the same time, the larger 1.9-litre RT83 was added to the lineup. A plethora of transmissions were offered, with a three-speed manual as standard. A four-speed manual with a floor-mounted lever was also available, as were two- or three-speed "Toyoglide" automatic transmissions, with the three-speed available with a floor-mounted shifter. The 1.7-litre 6R engine was added to the lineup in September 1970, and became available in the van in September 1971. North America only received the Corona wagon in July 1972 (and only for the 1973 model year), as the two-litre RT89. A performance oriented in-house competitor called the Toyota Carina, close in size to the Corona and based on the Toyota Celica platform, was introduced in 1970. It was available at a different dealership sales channel called Toyota Store. This generation of Corona was available at dealerships called Toyopet Store. The Corona pick-up was no longer manufactured due to the introduction of the Hilux in 1969. Along with the August 1972 facelift, the Corona received the 2.0-litre engine which appeared in the 2000SL and the 2000SR with fuel injection. The 7R-engined RT82 was short-lived in Japan, only being available between February and September 1970, but in other markets it may have remained available until the introduction of the next Corona. In the United States, the 1970s were probably the Corona's high point, helped by the fuel crises of 1973 and 1979. Competition for sales continued from the Nissan Bluebird, and from a new competitor from the Mazda RX-2 in 1971, with an introduction to the US in 1972. As with the prior generation models offered were limited to the four-door sedan and the hardtop coupe for most of the run, with the wagon added only for 1973, the final model year of the generation. These models were assembled in New Zealand (by Steel's) and Australia (Australian Motor Industries or AMI). NZ models initially had a 1.5-litre OHV engine and four-speed manual and then the 6R 1.7-litre OHC engine. After the first facelift (new nose and tail, square instead of round instrument housings) for 1972, the 6R engine was again used. The 1972 facelift (another new grille) saw two models – 1.6-litre OHV with three-speed column-shift manual and bench front seat and 1.7-litre four-speed floor shift manual and high-back buckets. This version was badged 1700SE. Australian RT81s used the 1.6-litre OHV engine and four-speed manual. Local content was much higher than the NZ cars with local instruments and heater which meant, surprisingly for the climate, there were no centre air vents. The facelift AMI assembled model with the revised grille was released in November 1972, lasting to March 1974. A modified Corona was shown at the 1970 Tokyo Motor Show as the Electronics Car. Based on the Corona Hardtop 1700SL, it showed many electronic innovations but was not put into production. == Fifth generation (T100, T110, T120; 1973) ==

| Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant) | Australia: Port Melbourne, Victoria (AMI) | New Zealand: Christchurch (Steel Motor Assemblies, under contract to Consolidiated Motor Distributors) | Indonesia: North Jakarta (PT. Multi Astra) | Philippines: Parañaque (Delta Motors Corporation) | South Africa: Johannesburg }} | 2-door sedan | 4-door sedan | 2-door hardtop coupé | 5-door station wagon }} | 1.6 L 2T I4 (TT100/106V/110/120) | 1.6 L 12T I4 New Zealand assembly began with 1.6 OHV, three-speed manual column shift and bench front seat and 1.8-litre 16R OHC four-speed manual bucket front seat options. Later, the 18R 2.0-litre OHC engine replaced the 1.8 and was also offered with a three-speed automatic, the first auto Corona in New Zealand. A later update replaced the 2000 with an upgraded trim version badged 2000SE and wagon assembly commenced. Australian models had the 18R from the start, as did South African ones. {{gallery | width = 200 | height = 134 == Sixth generation (T130; 1978) ==

| Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant) | Australia: Port Melbourne, Victoria (AMI) | New Zealand: Christchurch | Indonesia: North Jakarta (PT. Multi Astra) | Philippines: Parañaque (Delta Motors Corporation) }} | 4-door sedan | 2-door hardtop coupé | 5-door liftback | 5-door station wagon }} | 1.6 L 12R/12R-M/U/LPG I4 (RT130) | 1.6 L 2T-J I4 (TT137V) (RT132) | 2.0 L 21R-C/U I4 (RT133) All models featured MacPherson strut independent front suspension as well as a four-link trailing arm rear suspension arrangement with a Panhard rod, except for the wagon, which used leaf springs, like the Corolla and Cressida wagons. Disc brakes were fitted as standard equipment on the front of all models. Rear disc brakes were fitted as standard on the 2000GT and 2000SL, which were not available to all international markets. Other models were fitted with rear drum brakes. The Corona range received a thorough facelift in August 1980, with new rearwards sloping rectangular headlights which gave it a more modern appearance at the front. The T130 series was manufactured with a wide range of engine and transmission combinations. 1.6-litre 12R, 2T (and associated 12T) and 2.0-litre 18R engines are the most common. The LPG-powered 12R engine became available in the Japanese domestic market in February 1979 and, along with the LPG-powered 5R engined model, continued to be built until August 1982. Production of the T130 ended in 1982, to be replaced by the T140 series. Markets ;United States The T130 was the last Corona to be marketed in the US. It was offered as a sedan, wagon, or liftback with either Base or LE (Luxury Edition) equipment. In North America, the Corona was replaced for the 1983 model year by the similarly sized but front-wheel-drive Camry sedan and five-door hatchback. Since then, the Camry has grown a size larger than the Corona and its sportier Carina sister car. The Corona was originally fitted with the 2.2-litre 20R engine, but along with a facelift for 1981 this was switched to the 2367 cc 22R with at 4800 rpm. The facelift version received a rearward-sloping front end and a modestly restyled rear; North American cars received quad rectangular headlamps and a standard five-speed manual or an optional four-speed automatic. ;Australia To meet an 85 per cent overall local parts content as a manufacturer, Toyota Australia chose to manufacture Corona sedans and wagons using 1.9-litre Holden Starfire engines. As installed by Toyota, the engine received some minor changes in the form of its own camshaft, manifold, and carburettor. Beginning in November 1979, Toyota Australia also imported the five-door Corona liftback fitted with Toyota's own, much more modern 2.0-litre 18R-C engine with . In 1981 the Australian Corona received the same facelift as seen elsewhere, with a new rearward sloping front. Toyota's engineers also further modified the Holden engine in an effort to increase drivability and reliability, with new gaskets, valves, valve springs, and water pump. Outputs remained the same but the performance did increase marginally thanks to better engine response. The facelifted Corona XX now benefitted from an imported engine, the same 2-litre 21R-C as used in the Celica. It was then replaced by the X60-series Toyota Corona Mark II. The Corona returned to Indonesia with the T150-series Corona FF. File:1981 Toyota Corona (XT130) SE sedan (2016-01-04) 02.jpg|Toyota Corona (XT130) CS sedan (Australia, pre-facelift) Toyota Corona in Laos.jpg|Toyota Corona van (Laos) File:1979 Toyota Corona (XT130) SE station wagon (2015-06-15) 02.jpg|Toyota Corona (XT130) SE wagon (Australia, pre-facelift) File:1980 Toyota Corona (RT132) liftback (2015-09-12) 02.jpg|Toyota Corona (RT132) liftback (Australia, pre-facelift) Toyota Corona 1.8 DX Coupe 1980.jpg|Toyota Corona DX (TT131) coupe (Chile, pre-facelift) 1980 Toyota Corona (17570411728).jpg|Toyota Corona sedan (New Zealand, facelift) Toyota Corona Deluxe (rear), Gianyar.jpg|Toyota Corona Deluxe (TT132) sedan (Indonesia, facelift) Toyota Corona liftback rear.jpg|Toyota Corona LE (RT135) liftback (United States, facelift) == Seventh generation ==

Starting with this generation series, the Toyota Carina platform was altered from its original Toyota Celica beginnings to the Corona platform. The Corona remained exclusive to Japanese dealerships Toyopet Store, and the Carina continued to be sold new only at Toyota Store locations in conjunction to the larger Toyota Crown. Cumulative production of the Corona reached six million units in November 1986. Rear-wheel-drive model (T140; 1982) | Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant) | Australia: Port Melbourne, Victoria (AMI) | New Zealand: Thames | Philippines: Parañaque (Delta Motors Corporation) }} | 2-door hardtop coupe | 4-door sedan | 5-door wagon/van }} | Toyota Celica | Toyota Carina }} |Petrol: | 1.5 L 5K-J I4 (KT147V) | 1.5 L 3A-U I4 (AT140) | 1.6 L 4A-GEU I4 (AT141) | 1.6 L 2T I4 (TT140, export) | 1.6 L 12T-J I4 (TT147V) | 1.8 L 3T-EU I4 (TT141/142) | 1.8 L 3T-GTEU I4 turbo (TT142) | 1.8 L 1S-U I4 (ST140) | 2.0 L 2S-C I4 (ST141) | 2.0 L 18R-GEU I4 (RT141) | 2.4 L 22R-E (RT142) |LPG: | 1.8 L 2Y-P/PU I4 (YT140, taxi) |Diesel: | 1.8 L 1C I4 (CT140/147V) | 2.0 L 2C-II I4 (CT141) }} | 4-speed manual | 5-speed manual | 3-speed automatic | 4-speed automatic }} }} The T140, which would become the longest running Corona series, entered production as a rear-wheel-drive sedan, coupé and wagon in January 1982. The T140 Corona was not exported in large numbers to Europe, as most importers focused on the slightly smaller Carina and then the front-wheel-drive T150-series cars. After the late 1985 introduction of the T160 Corona Coupé, the rear-wheel-drive coupé was discontinued. The sedan range was gradually whittled down and by May 1986 only the 1.5 and 1.8 (3A-U, 1S-U) remained, along with a 1.5 Van (KT147V) and a 1.8 Diesel Van. These continued to be available until the December 1987 introduction of the T170-series Corona. File:Toyota Corona 1983 2door.jpg|1983 Corona Coupé (Japan) File:Toyota Corona 2000GT.jpg|Toyota Corona 2000 GT Twin Cam (RT140, Japan) ;Australia For the Australian market, there were two models sold between 1983 and 1987: the ST141 with a 2.0-litre 2S-C and from 1984, the RT142, fitted with a 2.4-litre fuel-injected 22R-E. Both models were available in either sedan or wagon body styles. The lower S and CS trim levels (2.0-litre) were fitted standard with a four-speed manual transmission (optional five-speed manual and three- or four-speed automatic). The top trim level was the 2.0-litre CS-X until November 1984 when replaced by the 2.4-litre CSi and luxury Avante models (2.0- and 2.4-litre). Toyota released a limited edition Olympic model in 1984, offering a full digital instrument cluster in either manual or automatic and in both sedan and wagon body variants. In 1985, a limited edition SR model was offered in white and manual transmission only with front and rear spoilers, white painted grille and side mirrors, white highlights in the tail lamps (instead of black), SR lettering on the boot lid, red exterior pinstriping, sports front seats with red pin stripes, and a three-spoke leather steering wheel. Toyota Australia introduced a facelift in November 1985. This included the addition the former CS-X grille insert for the S model and the Avante grille for the CS and CSi. There were also new wheels trims on all versions and revised tail lamp lenses. The pre-facelift models can be identified by tail lamps with dual black horizontal lines engraved along the base. The facelift models received lenses with a single, more subtle, horizontal line intersecting across the centre of the tail lights and a chrome strip at the base. Facelift CS and CSi wagons received a horizontal strip across the tailgate and additional black plastic mouldings surrounding the license plate. File:1985 Toyota Corona (ST141) CS sedan (2015-07-15) 02.jpg|Pre-facelift Toyota Corona CS sedan (ST141, Australia) File:1985 Toyota Corona (ST141) S station wagon (2009-09-17).jpg|Pre-facelift Toyota Corona S wagon (ST141, Australia) File:1986 Toyota Corona (RT142) CSi sedan (2009-01-03).jpg|Facelift Toyota Corona CSi sedan (RT142, Australia) File:1986 Toyota Corona Avante (RT142) sedan (2010-09-23) 02.jpg|Facelift Toyota Corona Avante sedan (RT142, Australia) File:1986 Toyota Corona (RT142) CSi station wagon (23023636890).jpg|Facelift Toyota Corona CSi wagon (RT142, Australia) ;New Zealand ;;1983 onwards: • Standard, DX, GX • 4dr sedans • 83 hp (3A-U) • GX, EX • 4dr sedan/2dr hardtop • 100 hp (1S-U) • GT • 4dr sedan/2dr hardtop • 130 hp (4A-GE) • GT-T, GT-TR • 4dr sedan/2dr hardtop • 160 hp (3T-GTEU) Taxi The special-bodied taxi version was a spinoff of the T140, used specially as taxicabs in Costa Rica, Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, Panama and Singapore. It was first introduced with the 1.8-litre 1C diesel engine in January 1982 (CT140). In September a 1.8-litre LPG version (YT140) was added to the lineup. In addition to getting a new rear end and a taller, more upright roof line for a more comfortable rear seat, alterations were also made to the headlights and grille. While based on the T140, the front and rear sections took their design cues from the A60 Carina. In December 1986 the car underwent a light facelift, and the diesel option was upgraded to the 2-litre 2C version (CT141). The car was not generally sold for private use. After November 1991, the diesel option was no longer available for the Japanese market but was still available for export (e.g. Macau). Production only came to an end in April 1998, Toyota returned to a platform naming tradition, assigned to different body styles this generation was made available, abandoned in 1978. The Corona FF as introduced in January 1983 was only available with a five-door liftback body style, and only with the carburetted 1.8-litre 1S-LU inline-four. In October 1983 a more traditional four-door sedan was added, and the T150 gradually became the main part of the Corona lineup as the T140-series shrank in importance. In 1983, the T150 Corona became the first Japanese made car with digital colour liquid crystal gauges. Along with the new bodystyle, more engines were also added: a smaller 1.5-litre 3A-LU at the bottom, while the 1.8 was now available with fuel injection (1S-ELU) and . There was also a two-litre diesel (2C-L) and the carburetted 1.8 was replaced by the central point injected 1S-iLU, with an extra five horsepower. In 1984, this chassis was also used as the basis for a new, front-wheel-drive version of the Carina sedan. In August 1985 the Corona underwent a small change, largely consisting of new, bigger taillights. Also new was the related Celica and Carina range. With a more sporting chassis and five-lug wheels (rather than four), this received the new T160 chassis code. This chassis, as well as the twin-cam two-litre 3S-GELU engine with (JIS) at 6400 rpm was used for the new Corona 2.0 GT and GT-R versions. A sporting 1.8 SX-R version (1S-ELU) of the 160-series sedan was also added in late 1985. ;Export markets The Corona hatchback was eventually dropped in Australia in 1983 in favour of the larger Camry and the previous-generation saloon and estate were dropped in 1987 to be replaced by the Toyota Camry (V20), but in New Zealand, Toyota continued to offer the Corona, assembled locally at Toyota's plant in Thames, New Zealand. Initially, the T150 Corona was launched in New Zealand in 1983 as a hatchback only, to complement the previous generation T140 Corona saloon and estate which continued to be sold in the New Zealand market as in Australia. However, the T140 saloon was dropped in 1985 and the T150 Corona saloon was then launched to replace it. With suspension fettled by racer Chris Amon, the New Zealand Coronas had carburetted 1.8s or a fuel-injected 2-litre engine. Later, Toyota New Zealand followed Australia's lead and eventually dropped the Corona in 1996, instead marketing the Australian-built Camry as its offering in the mid-size segment of the market. Export-market Coronas were generally fitted with the 1.6-litre 4A engine, but in many markets (New Zealand, Southeast Asia, Latin America) the T150 Corona was also available with 2.0-litre engines. In Southeast Asia, the 1.6 EX-Saloon with no emissions gear (4A-L) produces at 5600 rpm. In Indonesia, the original T150 was sold as the Corona GL and after the 1985 facelift it became the Corona EX-Saloon (AT151). Toyota's large family car lineup in Europe was quite confusing when looking over the past 25 years. The 1970 through 1983 Carina sister models had been sold in most of Europe, but in 1984 they were replaced with the "Carina II" – which was really the 1983 model Corona as sold in Japan with alterations to the headlights, grille and trim (the Carina in Japan at that time was a similar but boxier vehicle). Corona Coupé (1985) When the Celica was realigned from its former Toyota "A-series" RWD platform to share the Corona "T-series" FWD platform, the Celica notchback was rebranded as the Corona Coupé in Japan, which was identical to the internationally available Celica version with the only difference being the removal of the retractable headlights in favor of conventional fixed items. This replaced the rear-wheel-drive T140 Corona Coupé, leaving only a few vans and sedans in the RWD Corona lineup. The T160-series cars have a slightly longer wheelbase and a wider track (front and rear) than the Celica version available elsewhere. The Corona Coupé remained exclusive to Toyopet Store Japanese dealerships along with the larger, all new Toyota Soarer, while the Celica liftback and convertible remained at Toyota Corolla Store locations. The Corona Coupé was manufactured from 1985 until 1989 when it was replaced by the Toyota Corona EXiV four-door hardtop coupe. In 1994, the two-door coupe was renamed as the Toyota Curren and sold at Toyota Vista Store locations. The bigger and more luxurious Toyota Soarer was available alongside the Corona Coupé at Toyopet Store locations, but the Soarer was more popular, and the Corona Coupé was no longer offered. The Corona Coupé came with three engines; the SOHC 1.8-litre 1S-iLU and two twin-cams, the 1.6-litre 4A-GELU or the 2-litre 3S-GELU. Chassis codes are ST160, AT160, and ST162. In May 1988, the 1.8-litre engine was replaced by the twin-cam 4S-FiLU. File:1987 Toyota Corona Coupe (T160).jpg|1987 Corona 2.0 VX Coupé (ST162) File:1987 Toyota Corona VX Coupe (rear).jpg|1987 Corona 2.0 VX Coupé (ST162) File:1987 Toyota Corona VX Coupe (24608834776).jpg|Interior == Eighth generation (T170; 1987) ==

| Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant) | New Zealand: Thames (Toyota New Zealand) | Indonesia: North Jakarta (PT. Multi Astra) | Philippines: Parañaque (Toyota Motor Philippines) | Taiwan: Zhongli }} | 4-door sedan | 5-door liftback | 5-door station wagon/van }} | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive | Front-engine, all-wheel-drive (AT175) }} | Toyota Carina | Toyota Celica }} | Petrol: | 1.5 L 3E I4 (ET176V) | 1.5 L 5A-F/FE I4 (AT170) | 1.6 L 4A-F/FE I4 (AT171, AT175) | 1.8 L 4S-Fi/FE I4 (ST170) | 2.0 L 3S-FE I4 (ST171) | 2.0 L 3S-GE I4 (ST171) | Diesel: | 2.0 L 2C-III I4 (CT170/176V) }} | 4-Speed Manual | 5-Speed Manual | 4-Speed Automatic }} | | (Super Roomy) }} | (van/wagon) | (sedan/liftback) | (Super Roomy) }} | | (van/wagon) }} }} The Corona and the Toyota Carina continued to increase in size, introduced in December 1987. Because of Japanese taxation laws, both models got to the maximum permitted for a lower tax bracket, and in the 1980s and early 1990s, the cars were the same size. The previous generation ST160 Corona Coupé was not renewed with this generation. It did not receive a direct replacement until 1993, when it was renamed as the Toyota Curren. For this generation, the all-new Corona EXiV four-door hardtop was offered, as only two-door hardtops were previously available. This was the last generation to offer the Corona GT to Japanese buyers, equipped with Toyota's active suspension technology called TEMS included with their "PEGASUS"-branded four-wheel independent suspension and "LASRE"-branded multi-port fuel injection technology on the 3S-GELU engine. The five-door Corona liftback was sold as the "Corona SF" in Japan, in a much smaller lineup than the four-door sedan. The five-door model proved much more popular in Europe, where, confusingly, it was marketed as the Carina II. The sedan and a wagon were also part of the Carina II lineup, which was a rebadged Corona rather than the T170 Carina sold in Japan. The lightly restyled Carina T170 series derivative was launched in Japan simultaneously with the Corona. In August 1988 a four-wheel-drive Corona was added using All-Trac, powered by the fuel injected, 1.6-litre 4A-FE engine. In November 1989 the Corona underwent a minor facelift, including a redesigned front grille with densely packed vertical bars rather than the earlier four horizontal ones. The front of the Van remained unchanged. Meanwhile, the taillights and rear fascia were given a horizontal theme and the rear number plate was moved to the bottom of the bumper. The 1.5 and 1.8-litre engines were upgraded to EFI in the 4S-FE and 5A-FE types. Power of the 2.0 GT increased to , requiring unleaded premium petrol. The Select Saloon, previously a special edition, became a regular catalog model in place of the MX version. A limited production Corona was sold only in Japan in May 1990, to celebrate 10 million Corona's having been sold, called the Corona Super Roomy. It added to the wheelbase, and was limited to 500 units. Corona EXiV (T180) The T180 series Corona was introduced as the Toyota Corona EXiV which was shared with a Carina twin, called the Toyota Carina ED. According to Toyota, the letters EXiV derived from the words EXtra impressiVe. The Corona EXiV followed from the successes of the Corona Coupé, by introducing a sleek appearance of a low-slung coupé, while adding two more doors, in the tradition of a four-door coupé. Built on the same version of the Corona chassis as that used for the Celica, this was a continuation of the sporting T160 series Corona although it now received its own bodywork. == Ninth generation (T190; 1992) ==

| production = | Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant) | Indonesia: North Jakarta | Thailand: Chachoengsao | New Zealand: Thames | Philippines: Parañaque (1993–1997); Santa Rosa (1997–1998), (TMP) | Taiwan: Zhongli In the Philippines, the Corona was only available with the 2.0-litre 3S-FE engine throughout its production from 1993 to 1998. Early examples of the Corona T190 (ST191) looks similar to the 1992 Japanese spec model. It only has the 2.0 EX Saloon variant, with a choice of a 5-speed manual or a 4-speed automatic transmission. The 1995 model has the facelifted exterior, having the front and rear bumpers with the black trim, and the standard three-piece rear spoiler. The Exsior was introduced in 1996, this time with extended bumpers and red/amber tail lights and garnish. Another variant of the Corona Exsior was the LE, which had genuine leather seats, faux dash wood panel, and electronic air purifier/ionizer as standard equipment. Production in Japan ended in 1995, but in Europe it lasted until the end of 1997, when it was replaced by the Avensis, which was also built at Burnaston. It lasted until in 1998 for Southeast Asian market and then replaced with the Toyota Camry (XV20). Gallery ;Corona Toyota Corona 2.0 GLi (ST191) rear.jpg|Pre-facelift Corona 2.0 GLi (ST191, Turkey) Toyota coronasf 2.0typeii r.jpg|Pre-facelift Corona SF 2.0 Type II (ST191, Japan) T190 Toyota Corona.jpg|First facelift Corona (Japan) Toyota Corona Absolute (front), Denpasar.jpg|Second facelift Corona "Absolute" 2.0 G (ST191, Indonesia) Toyota Corona Absolute (rear), Denpasar.jpg|Second facelift Corona "Absolute" 2.0 G (ST191, Indonesia) ;Carina E File:1993 Toyota Carina E DXL 2.0 (1).jpg|Pre-facelift Carina E 2.0D XL saloon (CT190, UK) File:1992 Toyota Carina E 2.0 GLi.jpg|Pre-facelift Carina E 2.0 GLi saloon (ST191, UK) File:Toyota Carina E GLi.jpg|Pre-facelift Carina E GLi liftback (Europe) File:02.10.2007 19 44 12 dscn0950.jpg|Facelift Carina E saloon (Europe) File:1997 Toyota Carina E 1.6 S (13146010694).jpg|Facelift Carina E 1.6 S Liftback (AT190, UK) File:Lee Brookes 1996 BTCC.jpg|BTCC Carina E 2.0 (ST191) built to Super Touring Car regulations. Corona EXiV (T200) The T200 series Corona was sold as the continuation of the Toyota Corona EXiV hardtop sedan, while the Corona Coupé's successor was relocated to Toyota Vista Store locations and reintroduced as the Toyota Curren. The EXiV was available with three different engines, all multiple-point fuel injected 16-valve twin cam inline-fours: the 1838 cc 4S-FE and the 1998 cc 3S-FE or 3S-GE. Power outputs are , , and respectively. The 3S-GE benefitted from a higher state of tuning, a forged crankshaft, and a variable-length intake manifold system (called ACIS by Toyota). The 3S-engined cars carry the ST202 chassis code, while the 1.8-litre, 4S-engined ones are called ST200. File:Toyota CORONA EXiV 2.0TR-X (E-ST202) front.jpg|Pre-facelift Corona EXiV 2.0 TR-X (ST202) File:Toyota CORONA EXiV 2.0TR-X (E-ST202) rear.jpg|Pre-facelift Corona EXiV 2.0 TR-X (ST202) File:Toyota Corona Exiv 1993 Front (cropped).jpg|Facelift Corona EXiV File:Toyota Corona Exiv 1993 Rear (cropped).jpg|Facelift Corona EXiV Caldina (1992) The first Toyota Caldina was the five-door wagon or commercial van version of the four-door sedan Toyota Corona in Japan. The wagon has independent strut rear suspension while the commercial wagon has semi-independent leaf springs. The wagon/van was given its own identity, whereas previous station wagon versions were named Corona. The Caldina was introduced as a successor to the Corona and Carina wagons, and was sold at Toyota Japanese dealerships Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations. The Caldina was introduced after the Subaru Legacy wagon and the Nissan Avenir wagon. For the European market, the Caldina was sold as the Carina E wagon. In New Zealand, it was sold as the Corona wagon. == Tenth generation ==

Corona Premio (T210; 1996) | Toyota Avensis (T220) | Toyota Avensis Picnic/Ipsum/Picnic/SportsVan (XM10) | Toyota Caldina (T210) | Toyota Carina (T210) | Toyota Celica (T200) }} | 1.6 L 4A-FE I4 | 1.8 L 7A-FE I4 | 2.0 L 3S-FE I4 | 2.0 L 3S-GE I4 | 2.0 L 3S-GTE I4 (turbo) | 2.0 L 2C-T I4 diesel (until 1998) | 2.2 L 3C-T I4 diesel (1998 on) }} }} A final, tenth generation was built between January 1996 and December 2001 for the Japanese market, with one particular model called the Toyota Corona Premio that was spun off into an independent model called the Premio (coded ST210), with the Allion following after the Carina after 2001. The Corona Premio was offered as Base Premio, Premio E, and Premio G. Four-cylinder engine choices are 1.6-litre 4A-FE, 1.8-litre lean burn 7A-FE, and 2.0-litre 3S-FE. Diesel engines offered were 2.0-litre 2C-T and later on replaced by more economical 2.2-litre 3C-T. This is the last model using Corona name in Japan. The automatic model of the Corona Premio came with three selectable driving modes for its electronically controlled transmission: Normal, ECT PWR (power mode), and ECT MANU (manual mode). Taiwanese-built Corona Premios received a slightly more ornate grille and larger taillights than its Japanese counterpart. File:Toyota CORONA PREMIO E (rear).jpg|Pre-facelift Corona Premio E (Japan) File:Toyota Corona Premio 1998 front.JPG|Facelift Corona Premio E (Japan) File:Toyota Corona Premio 1998 rear.JPG|Facelift Corona Premio E (Japan) File:Toyota Corona PREMIO E.jpg|Facelift Corona Premio E (Taiwan) File:TOYOTA CORONA PREMIO TAIWAN 02.JPG|Facelift Corona Premio E (Taiwan) Caldina (1997) Sharing a platform with the T210 series Toyota Corona and Toyota Carina, the Caldina is the Japanese version of the Toyota Avensis, which replaced the Carina E in Europe. The 4WD models are coded ST215, and are offered as Active Sports GT with the 3S-GE engine. The top-of-the-line GT-T came with the turbocharged 4th generation 3S-GTE engine, and included an all-wheel-drive system similar to the Toyota Celica GT-Four. The GT-T also came with optional electronic stability control (VSC) (standard on Active Sports versions). The Aerial version features a large sunroof and contoured roof racks as standard. Weighing , the Caldina GT-T offers similar performance to a Subaru WRX wagon achieving 0–100 km/h in 7 seconds. A refresh was given in 2000 with new bumpers and lamps a refreshed interior and extra lug added to the turbo manifold to stop the warping issue common on earlier GT-T models. Engines for lesser models are the 1.8 L 7A-FE, the 2.0 L petrol 3S-FE, and the 2.2 L diesel 3C-TE. South America (T220; 1997) For the subsequent model series, the T220, the Corona name was dropped in Japan and most other markets. It was built as sedan, liftback and wagon. Only the wagon was sold in Japan as the Caldina, built on the T210 platform. The sedan and liftback were mainly sold in Europe as Avensis, while the lower grade model specifically for taxi use was called Corona. Four-cylinder engines for the Avensis are 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 petrol, and diesel/turbodiesel. The Corona Taxi was only available with the diesel engines. In South America, the Avensis was sold as the Corona Avensis, powered by 2.0-litre 3S-FE engine. This was the last Corona although the T-series platform was continued with the new T240, used for the third generation Caldina and the new Allion and Premio models. == See also ==