In the early days, the inhabitants on the island were mostly farmers and fishermen. The major population concentrated in the northeast portion of the island. Farmers grew
rice, vegetables and
pineapples, while fishermen lived in huts connected by plank walkways in the small harbour of
Tsing Yi Tong which stretched far back into the island. Many fishermen also lived on their
junks and boats all the time, fishing in the nearby waters. Even as late as the 1970s, Tsing Yi Tong resembled
Tai O with its characteristic
stilt houses and water vehicles. Like many other fishing villages in Hong Kong, the Tsing Yi dwellers worshipped
Tin Hau, the goddess of mercy and the sea. A
Tin Hau Temple was built on the shore of Tsing Yi Tong. At the birthday of Tin Hau, fishermen of all nearby waters would come to the Temple for celebrations. The temple was white in color and thus people call it
Pak Miu (, ). From the 1920s onwards, a Chinese company built
lime factories on the present site of
Greenfield Garden. It is the earliest known industry on the island. The lime industry continued to flourish during the 1950s, and a tanning factory was also founded at the same period. After
World War II, other heavy industries moved in as well. In the 1960s, several oil companies moved their oil storage depots onto the island and a
Green Island Cement cement plant.
CLP later commissioned its 1520
MW oil-fired
Tsing Yi Power Station in 1969 at
Nam Wan due to its proximity to the oil tank farms. Meanwhile, some small
shipbuilding companies opened on Tsing Yi, and remain on the north side of the island. In the 1970s, six large-scale companies on the island collectively built the
Tsing Yi Bridge to connect Tsing Yi Town and
Kwai Chung Town over the
Rambler Channel. The bridge was soon transferred to the
Hong Kong Government, remaining the sole road connection to the island for more than ten years. Several industrial buildings for light industries were constructed beside the bridge afterward. Several dockyards moved to the west shore of the island at the end of the 1970s. During the 1950s,
Wok Tai Wan on Tsing Yi Island was a paradise for
nudists, and hence Tsing Yi was once
synonymous with nudism in Hong Kong. After the establishment of the Tsing Yi Bridge, the Hong Kong government commenced an extensive
new town project on the island.
Cheung Ching Estate,
Cheung Hong Estate and
Mayfair Gardens were consequently built in heaps. The vicinity of the
Mobil oil storage depot to Mayfair Garden and Cheung Ching Estate once aroused enormous concern for the safety of the residents. Some social workers and residents urged the government to relocate the storage facilities. The government decided to halt the last phase of the Mayfair Garden development scheme. The storage facility remained at the same location until
Container Terminal 9 was on the government's agenda. Later on, the tenor of town development shifted northward. Two fisherman harbours, Tsing Yi Tong and
Mun Tsai Tong were
reclaimed for residential use. Many fishermen were relocated from their boats parked in the typhoon shelter to the Ching Tao House, a new residential block on land, of Chueng Ching Estate. The land inhabitants were put together into several designated areas so as to re-build their villages. The primary sectors had all died out owing to the drastic town development.
Tsing Yi Estate,
Cheung On Estate,
Cheung Fat Estate, Ching Tai Court and Tsing Yi Garden were built after all reclamations were accomplished.
Ching Wah Court was built adjoining to Cheung Hong Estate. At the same time, Tsing Yi Bridge was seriously overburdened and its structure was unable to cope with increasing traffic. There was only a one-way road in each direction on the bridge.
Traffic congestion became the burning problem in the community, and subsequently fueled protest. Finally,
Tsing Yi North Bridge, a connection to
Tsuen Wan town was built to ease off the congestion, as well as to accommodate the local residential population boom. Tsing Yi was continually under further development and
Greenfield Garden,
Serene Garden,
Broadview Garden, and
Cheung Hang Estate were constructed. The final decision to relocate
Hong Kong International Airport spurred a new series of development:
Airport Railway,
Ting Kau Bridge to
Ting Kau and North
New Territories,
Tsing Ma Bridge to
Ma Wan and
Lantau Island,
Rambler Channel Bridge to
Kowloon and
Hong Kong Island,
Duplicate Tsing Yi South Bridge on the south side of Tsing Yi Bridge. On the island, new residential projects,
Tivoli Garden, Grand Horizon, Mount Haven,
Villa Esplanada,
Tierra Verde, and
Cheung Wang Estate were completed. The final part of reclaimed land near the shore had been laid waste for almost a decade until
Tsing Yi Promenade was built in 2004. Local Hong Kong cultural pursuits of Chinese music and dancing, walking and Chinese exercise are in evidence in most evenings. From 2000 to 2004, Container Terminal 9 was built on the reclaimed southwest shore of the island, together with resident blocks,
Rambler Crest. Nearby, and well within sight of
Central, Victoria, a controversial new dioxin burning plant was also put into operation during 2004, arousing much concern for the residents of Tsing Yi and Hong Kong island. ==Local product==