Painting and etching Platt was born in
New York City, the son of Mary Elizabeth (Cheney) and John Henry Platt. Platt trained as a landscape painter, and as an
etcher with
Stephen Parrish in
Gloucester, Massachusetts, in 1880. He attended the
National Academy of Design and the
Art Students League in New York, and later, the
Académie Julian in
Paris, with
Gustave Boulanger and
Jules Joseph Lefebvre. At the
Paris Salon of 1885, he exhibited his paintings and etchings and gained his first audience. In the decade 1880–1890, he made hundreds of etchings of architecture and landscapes. He received a bronze medal at the Paris
Exposition Universelle of 1900.
Gardens A trip to Italy in 1892 in the company of his brother to photograph extant Renaissance gardens and villas led to a marked development in Platt's aesthetic approach. He published many of these images in his influential book
Italian Gardens (Harper & Brothers, 1894), the outcome of two articles published in ''
Harper's New Monthly Magazine'' in the summer of 1893. The volume was strong on the surviving gardens of the Renaissance and Baroque and made no attempt to describe their history or their designers. As well, the influences of
Reginald Blomfield's
The Formal Garden in England (1892) and gardens by
Gertrude Jekyll illustrated in
Country Life further refined Platt's style. (Platt was unaware of the first history of Italian gardens, W.P. Tuckermann's thorough
Die Gartenkunst der italienischen Renaissance-Zeit, Berlin 1884.) The impact of Platt, and of
Edith Wharton's
Italian Villas and Their Gardens (1904), can be seen in the shift among stylish Americans from country houses set in lawns with shaped beds of annuals, swept drives and clumps of trees typical of 1885 to houses in settings of gravel-lined forecourts, planted terracing, formal stairs and water features, herbaceous borders and
pergolas typical of the early 20th century. Platt was a member of the group that gravitated to the
Cornish Art Colony, which formed around
Augustus Saint-Gaudens in
Cornish, New Hampshire. His own garden in Cornish, made between 1892 and 1912, exemplifies a new style, essentially an
Arts and Crafts setting for
Beaux-Arts Neo-Georgian and
Colonial Revival architecture.
Architecture and clients in Washington, DCPlatt designed a grand country estate for
Edith Rockefeller McCormick at "Villa Turicum" in
Lake Forest, Illinois (1912, demolished). In 1907, he designed a townhouse for
Sara Delano Roosevelt on East 65th Street in New York, now a historic landmark, the
Sara Delano Roosevelt Memorial House. Eleanor Roosevelt called Platt "an architect of great taste" who with the townhouse had "made the most of every inch of space." The building currently houses the
Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College. In 1912, he designed
"The Causeway", Washington, D.C., a Neo-Georgian house in an extensive wooded landscape setting. He also designed a house in 1912 in
Roslyn, New York, for
George R. Dyer. Platt also designed a large manor house and grounds, built in 1915 in the
City of Little Falls, New York (extant, in private ownership). The manor was owned by Mr. J. Judson Gilbert, proprietor of the Gilbert Knitting Company and several other then-prosperous factories in the
Mohawk Valley region of
Upstate New York. The
MIT Endicott House in
Dedham, Massachusetts, is another Platt-designed mansion built for H. Wendell Endicott in 1934, in use today as a conference center for
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1906, Platt had begun to receive numerous commissions from the estate of
Vincent Astor. Platt turned to professional help in surveying large-scale projects from the sons of
Frederick Law Olmsted. He also received detailed planting plans to fill his borders from
Ellen Biddle Shipman, whom he had come to know through her gardening at Cornish, and whom he had instructed in presentation drawings by a draftsman from his own office, then sent to
Grosse Pointe, Michigan to plant one of his designs. His more visible public commissions include the Italianate palazzo he designed for the
Smithsonian Institution's
Freer Gallery of Art (1918) in Washington, D.C., and the campuses of the
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (1922 and 1927),
Connecticut College,
Deerfield Academy, and
Phillips Academy Andover, where he designed the chapel and library and their settings. He fulfilled the University of Illinois's 1920s building program by designing 11 buildings, for many purposes, all in a Georgian style, with red brick, white wood and limestone trim, round and arched windows, and prominent gables, dormers, and chimneys. These included several buildings (1924–31) combining classrooms and offices, a dormitory, gymnasiums, plus such landmarks as the Main Library, McKinley Hospital, and the President's House. His
Italian Renaissance-styled
Russell A. Alger House, at 32 Lakeshore Drive, now serves as the
Grosse Pointe War Memorial. Platt also designed the
Lyme Art Association building in
Old Lyme, Connecticut. Platt's The Leader-News Building in
Cleveland, Ohio, at the corner of Superior and Bond Street (now East 6th Street) was reportedly fitted with elevator cabs designed by Tiffany Studios. The Building was completed in 1912 and, per the
Architectural Record, "Cleveland is to be congratulated upon the possession of one of the handsomest and most distinguished buildings in the country." - H.D.C. In 1919, Platt became a trustee of the
American Academy in Rome. He became president of the academy in 1928 and served until his death. He also served on the
U.S. Commission of Fine Arts from 1916 to 1921, and as vice chairman from 1920 to 1921. Throughout his life, Platt maintained his house and garden in Cornish, New Hampshire, and an office and residence in Manhattan. With his second wife, Eleanor Hardy Bunker (widow of
Dennis Miller Bunker), whom Platt married in 1893, Platt had five children. Among the children were William (1897–1984) and Geoffrey (1905–1985), who followed in their father's footsteps and practiced architecture in New York City. His great-grandsons include actor
Oliver Platt and local politician William Palmer. Charles Platt died in
Cornish, New Hampshire at the age of 72. Near the end of the 20th century, some of Platt's surviving gardens in their full maturity were opened to the public including the spectacular gardens at the Gwinn Estate in Cleveland, Ohio (designed with
Warren Manning and
Ellen Biddle Shipman). ==Gallery of architectural works==