Valencia City is located in the central part of the Province of Bukidnon. It is bounded on the north by the municipality of
Lantapan and
Malaybalay City; on the east by the municipality of
San Fernando; on the west and southwest by the municipalities of
Pangantucan and
Talakag; and on the south by the municipalities of
Maramag and
Quezon. From its core, which is the Poblacion, the city is 27 kilometers from the provincial capital of Malaybalay City and 118 kilometers from the
regional center of
Cagayan de Oro. The means of transportation is by
bus and private vehicles and covers approximately two to three hours ride. The relative distance of the barangay from the city proper varies: four barangays are more or less 5 kilometers away, 20 barangays are 6 to 15 kilometers away, while the remaining seven barangays considered as the most interior, are situated 16 kilometers or more from the city proper. There are no seaports in the city because the place is
landlocked. The nearest airports and seaports are in
Cagayan de Oro and
Davao City.
Topography The city's topography is characterized as flat to undulating hills with extensive
plateaus and mountainous areas and
cliffs on both eastern and western portions bounding the municipality of
San Fernando on the east and the municipality of
Talakag on the west. Its highest point is
Mount Kalatungan in the
Kalatungan Mountain Range rising above 1,000 meters and above 50 percent slopes. These cover 25.72 percent of the total city area and major portions of Barangay of Lourdes, Guinoyuran and Lilingayon.
Elevation The city's average elevation is 300 meters above sea level. Elevation above 1,000 meters has a bigger area coverage with 28.93 percent of the total city area or 18,262.79 hectares, while elevation below 300 meters covers only 7.0 percent of total city area or 4,419.78 hectares. Elevation ranges from 300 to 500 meters cover an area of 27,591.10 hectares or 43.70 percent of the total city area. Five hundred to 1,000 meter elevation covers an area of 18,262.79 hectares or 28.93 percent of total city area.
Slope The area distribution of slope of the city are categorized into: level to gently sloping having a slope range of 0-3 percent covering an area of 6,962.53 hectares or 11.02 percent of the total city area; gently sloping to undulating having a slope range of 3-8 percent covering an area of 18,914.79 hectares or 29.96 percent of total city area; undulating to rolling having a slope range of 8-18 percent covering an area of 3,646.33 hectares or 5.78 percent of the total city area; rolling to hilly having a slope range of 18-30 percent with an area coverage of 11,306.28 hectares or 17.92 percent of the total city area; steep hills to mountainous having a slope of 30-50 percent with area coverage of 6,062.53 hectares or 9.60 percent of the total City area and; cliff-like streamline having a slope range of 50 percent above covering an area of 16,233.54 hectares or 25.72 percent of the total area.
Geology and soil type Valencia City is underlain by three distinct
geologic formations.
Volcanic rocks believed to be of
pliocene-
quaternary age underlie the areas west of
Pulangi River. The areas east of the broad plains in Valencia City are underlain by stratified sequence of clastic
sedimentary rocks and
limestone.
Alluvial deposits are unconsolidated detrital materials transformed from higher landforms. The city generally has
clay soil with Adtuyon clay covering 27.89 percent of the total city area suitable for annual cultivated crops and pastures. These are found in all parts of Colonia, Mailag, Bagontaas, Barobo and San Carlos. Maapag clay ranked second with 26.86 percent and covers the whole of San Isidro, Sinayawan, Mabuhay, and Catumbalon and large portions of Vintar, Tongantongan, Maapag and Batangan. Irrigated rice is suitable in these areas. Macolod clay ranked third with 17.51 percent and are generally suited for
forest plantation of exotic species. Kidapawan clay loam and undifferentiated mountains soil followed and occupy a combined area of 17.70 percent located within Lilingayon. These areas are also suitable for production forest of native species. Other soil types are San Manuel clay loam (5.31%), La Castellana clay (3.41%), Adtuyon clay stony phase (0.83%), and Mailag clay loam. These types of soil are suitable for annual cultivated crops except for the cliffs along Pulangi River within Poblacion and Lumbo which are not suitable for any land use.
Climate {{Weather box
Barangays Valencia City is politically subdivided into 31
barangays. Each barangay consists of
puroks while some have
sitios. Lilingayon is the largest with an area of 131.42 square kilometers while Colonia is the smallest at 4.95 square kilometers.
Poblacion and adjacent areas Poblacion and its surroundings hold importance in the city, serving as the venue of everyday life in and near the urban center. Due to its large urban population and area, there are informal and unofficial sectors which hold cultural, social, and economic significance to the city. These areas are also referred for transportation means when riding within and from the Poblacion. Some of the sectors/areas in the urban center include: •
Balite – a concentration of residences at the northern part of the Poblacion. Named after the large tree that once stood there. •
Barok – located on the western end of Laviña Ave. Valencia City Farmer's Market, several commercial establishment and residential areas are found here. •
Cabanuangan – areas on the upper part of Poblacion, dominated by sugarcane fields and some residences. •
Centro – the business center of the city from the core area of the Poblacion extending up to the boundary of Barangay Poblacion to the south stretching
Sayre Highway. •
Hagkol – a commercial-residential area north of Poblacion stretching the Sayre Highway. Several food stores and shops, tertiary schools, auto shops and stores, hotels, residential villages, and fuel stations are found at
Hagkol. •
Hindangon – area on the northwestern part of Poblacion after Juanilla Village along
Hagkol. Areas are mostly residential and diversified agricultural fields. •
Kawayanon – an urban sitio in the lower part of Barangay Lumbo bounding Barangay Poblacion. •
La-uyan – residential area in the western bank of
Pulangi river near the Panlibatuhan creek. •
Malingon, Bagontaas – currently the northernmost urban expansion of the city which is part of Barangay Bagontaas. Some commercial establishments, schools, a village, Toyota Valencia, Valencia Integrated Transport Terminal Complex, and the future
Robinsons Place Valencia are located in the said area. •
Petisyon – a rural hill in the westernmost side of Poblacion. •
Santa Cruz – upper portion of the Poblacion along Guinoyuran road near the boundary of Brgys. Barobo and Poblacion. Sparse residences and agricultural fields and a chapel is present in the area. •
Slaughter – concentration of residences on the southern slope and lower areas of a hill where the City Hall is located. Named after the Abattoir or "Slaughter House" which is located in the area. •
Tabuk-Tulay – literally means "to cross the bridge", after vehicles passing eastside the Pulangi or Batangan Bridges from the Poblacion. This term also colloquially include most parts of Batangan. Fuel stations, residential villages, auto shops, several commercial stand and rice mills are found in the area. •
Upper Lumbo (Centro Lumbo) – comprising the residential areas and villages in the upper portion of Barangay Lumbo. •
Upland – concentration of residences south of Centro covering some parts of Purok 3 and Purok 3-B of Poblacion. Other places in the urban area of the city are referred by their building/establishment names, streets, and Purok. ==Demographics==