's composite five
boroughs are all counties containing historical municipalities. In 1898, all of the municipalities within the five boroughs were merged into one municipality, and the five counties became boroughs of the new New York City municipality. The five boroughs still have statuses as counties, through.|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors. or
town municipalities (red-colored) with other non-town municipalities in
Finland (2020) , both the first-level administrative divisions and the second-level administrative divisions are municipalities. Norway has 15 first-level municipalities (which are shown in this image). They're called
fylkeskommuner (county municipalities) and share borders with the country's
counties. They're further divided into 357 second-level municipalities called
primærkommuner (primary municipalities) or just
kommuner (municipalities).
Municipality Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish '
(Spain) and ' (Chile), Catalan '''', Portuguese . • In
Brazil, a
município is the local government, recognized by the Brazilian Federal Constitution and established through state constitutions. It is the smallest territorial division holding executive and legislative powers. Since the
Constitution of 1988, all
municípios are members of the federation. Colloquially, the local population uses the terms
municipality and
city interchangeably, although the constitution defines "city" as the seat of the municipality.
Commune In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to the community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: • in
Romance languages, such as in French '
(France, French-speaking Belgium and Switzerland, French-speaking Africa, e.g. Benin), in Italian ' (
Italy, Italian-speaking Switzerland, e.g.
Ticino), in Portuguese '
(Angola), in Romanian ' (
Romania), and in Spanish '''' (
Chile); • in
Nordic languages such as in Danish and Norwegian '
(Denmark, Norway), in Faroese ' (
Faroe Islands), and in Swedish '''' (
Sweden,
Finland); • in
West Germanic languages such as in Dutch '
(Netherlands, Dutch-speaking areas of Belgium), Luxembourgish ' (
Luxembourg) and German '''' (
Austria,
Germany); • in
Finnish '''' (
Finland); • in
Ukrainian '''' (
Ukraine); and • in
Polish '''' (
Poland). The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches.
Other terms In Greece, the word () is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound
democracy (rule of the people). In some countries, the Spanish term '''', referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via
synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In
Moldova and
Romania, both
municipalities (
municipiu; urban administrative units) and
communes (; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names.
English-speaking • In
Australia, the term
local government area (LGA) is used in place of the generic municipality. Here, the "LGA Structure covers only incorporated areas of Australia. Incorporated areas are legally designated parts of states and territories over which incorporated local governing bodies have responsibility." • In
Canada, municipalities are local governments established through provincial and territorial legislation, usually within general municipal statutes. Types of
municipalities within Canada include
cities,
district municipalities,
municipal districts, municipalities,
parishes,
rural municipalities,
towns,
townships,
villages, and
villes among others. Types of upper tier municipalities in Ontario include counties and regional municipalities. • In
India, a municipality (also known as
municipal council) is an urban local body that administers a city of population 100,000 or more (the criteria varies from state to state). However, there are exceptions to that, as previously municipalities were constituted in urban centers with population over 20,000, so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as municipality were reclassified as municipality even if their population was under 100,000. it interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the
district it is located in. Generally, smaller district cities and bigger towns have a municipality. Municipalities are also a form of local self-government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined in the
Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act,1992. • In the
United Kingdom, the term was used until the
Local Government Act 1972 came into effect in 1974 in
England and
Wales, and until 1975 in
Scotland and 1976 in
Northern Ireland, "both for a city or town which is organized for self-government under a municipal corporation, and also for the governing body itself. Such a corporation in Great Britain consists of a head as a mayor or provost, and of superior members, as aldermen and councillors". Since local government reorganisation, the unit in England, Northern Ireland and Wales is known as a
district, and in Scotland as a
council area. A
district may be awarded
borough or
city status, or can retain its
district title. • In
Jersey, a municipality refers to the honorary officials elected to run each of the 12
parishes into which it is subdivided. This is the highest level of regional government in this jurisdiction. • In
Trinidad and Tobago, "municipality" is usually understood as a city, town, or other local government unit, formed by municipal charter from the state as a municipal corporation. A town may be awarded borough status and, later on, may be upgraded to city status.
Chaguanas,
San Fernando,
Port of Spain,
Arima and
Point Fortin are the 5 current municipalities in Trinidad and Tobago. • In the
United States, "municipality" is usually understood as a city, town, village, or other local government unit, formed by municipal charter from the state as a municipal corporation. In a state law context, some U.S. state codes define "municipality" more widely, from the state itself to any political subdivisions given jurisdiction over an area that may include multiple populated places and unpopulated places (see also: Local government in the United States#Municipal governments).
Chinese-speaking • In the
People's Republic of China, a
direct-administered municipality (直辖市 in
pinyin: zhíxiáshì) is a municipality with equal status to a
province:
Beijing Municipality,
Chongqing Municipality,
Shanghai Municipality, and
Tianjin Municipality (see also:
Direct-administered municipalities of China). • In the
Republic of China (Taiwan), a
special municipality (直轄市 in
pinyin: zhíxiáshì) is a municipality with equal status to a province:
Kaohsiung,
New Taipei,
Taichung,
Tainan,
Taipei, and
Taoyuan (see also:
Special municipality (Taiwan)). == Municipalities by country ==