Prehistory and Antiquity Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was settled during the
Paleolithic and the
Neolithic ages at the meeting of the
Yerres and the
Seine rivers, as well at Triage, with evidence from archeological remains found by Francis Martin in the 19th century, which includes flints and some stone tools. After the battle of Melun during the
Roman Empire, the area was integrated into the Roman Empire. A small town was built around the area, with the name of
Villa Nova (Latin for
new house).
Middle Ages In the
Middle Ages, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was a possession of
the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The addition of "Saint-Georges" in the name of the commune was after the remains of
Saint George was brought back in AD 858. The strategic position on the road between
Paris towards the cities of
Melun,
Clermont-Ferrand and
Lyon made it a transport hub and wan regularly visited and traversed by kings and dukes. The importance of the towns led it to be plundered, raided and besieged many times, including during the
Hundred Years' War. The city mostly relied on farming and wine-making for income.
Renaissance and Modern Times During the
Siege of Paris in 1590, Captain Saint-Paul forced his way into Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and killed the 200-300 men under the name of
Henry IV of France who were garrisoned there, whilst delivering food and assistance to the besieged people in Paris. During the modern times, Villeneuve became a bourgeois city. Mansions, like the castles of Beauregard and Bellevue were built in the area, and people of the higher classes visited Villeneuve, like
Henry IV of France,
Catherine de' Medici and
Mme of Sévigné. In 1652,
The Prince of Condé rebelled, and
Charles IV sent
Turenne to confront him. A battle took place between them in the area. The
Hôtel de Ville, commissioned as a hunting lodge for King
Louis XVI, was completed in 1773.
Revolution and the 19th Century During the Revolution, the national guard was created and the church was looted. Shortly after that Villeneuve became a quiet town again. Many people came to live in Villeneuve, including composers (Boieldieu), painters (Francesco Casanova, Karl Joseph Kuwasseg) naturalists (Charles Athanase Walckenaer), ministers (Victor Duruy), ceramists (Jean-Paul Louis Chesnel-Larossière), and ambassadors (Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini). Many personalities, such as
Napoleon,
Joachim Murat and
Prince Eugène, also stopped in Villeneuve. In 1876, Fort Villeneuve was built to protect Paris in anticipation of a future war. The establishment of the railway in 1847 transformed the city, with the agricultural village very quickly became a working-class town.
20th Century , flooded during the
1910 Great Flood of Paris. On the eve of the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges had more than 10,000 inhabitants. It was the first railway town in the country with the largest sorting in Europe. The Foyer and HBM sets were built at this time. On 30 July 1908, following the calls for
a 24-hour general strike launched by the
General Confederation of Labour to demand a 10-hour day, weekly rest, a salary increase and the end of
Piece work, thousands of demonstrators gathered in
Vigneux-sur-Seine and
Draveil, then converged in the town where a violent confrontation took place between the
National Gendarmerie and the workers. The result fight left four dead and more than 200 injured among the workers, and 69 injured on the side of the forces of order. A local odonym (“Place du 30-Juillet-1908”) recalls these events. The next day,
Georges Clemenceau ordered the arrest of thirty leaders of the CGT, including its general secretary Victor Griffuelhes, to neutralize the union. A painting by
Théodore Rousseau, titled
La Seine à Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which was in the
Palais des Beaux-Arts in Lille was destroyed in 1916. During the
First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hosted the 232nd Territorial Infantry Regiment (normally quartered in
Argentan). The school hospital becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Military Wounded Relief Society (HASSBM) No.42, while the Ferry School Group becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Ladies of France Association (HAADF) No.248.
A train derailment on 30 July 1937 killed 29 people and injured 111 others at the junction between the
Brunoy and
Corbeil lines. The accident happened soon after the introduction of
paid leave in France and many of the victims were traveling on vacation. During the
Second World War, the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft because the
Wehrmacht used the railway installations. Many Resistance fighters are also killed after the “Triage sabotage”. After these events, a new demographic surge saw the construction of large housing estates in the North part of Villeneuve. On 1 January 1968 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which until then had been part of the department of
Seine-et-Oise, became one of the municipalities of the new
Val-de-Marne.
21st Century The town, compared to the rest of Val-de-Marne, is perceived as noisy and undesirable place to go. It has lost its charm during the 18th and 19th centuries, and starting from 1980 workers have deserted the city, leaving a mostly immigrant population, most from the Maghreb and
Subsaharan Africa. The
Route nationale 6 cuts through the commune and runs parallel to the
RER line, producing much noise. The N6 is also famous for having long traffic jams at the junction between the N6, N406 and the
A86 Ring road. ==Transport==