He was elected to the
Alabama House of Representatives in 1825. He represented
Jefferson County along with
John Brown and
John M. Dupuy. As a representative of Jefferson County, he presented a petition to establish a permanent seat of justice in
Walker County. He voted in favor of
James C. Neill's bill "to more effectually prevent
Sabbath breaking", which lost. He voted against
William C. Watson's bill entitled "an act to suppress immorality". He also voted against
James Dellet's offered amendment to the bill. And be it further enacted, that any person who shall be guilty of endeavoring to procure votes in any manner whatever, shall be subject to an indictment, and on conviction thereof shall receive thirty nine lashes on his bare back at the public whipping post of the county, and shall not thereafter be a competent witness in any court of law or equity in this state. He served as a judge of the county court, now known as the
probate court, of
Jefferson County for several years. In 1834, Baylor issued a
penal bond to John Cantley and
Harrison W. Goyne, who he later succeeded in the Alabama Senate, to the amount of
$361 and executed a
chattel mortgage. Baylor represented Jefferson County at the Railroad Convention of the State of Alabama in November 1835.
Henry W. Collier, the president of the convention, appointed Baylor to a committee to discern the "practicability and expediency" of railroad construction as was demanded by the people. Shortly after the
Battle of San Jacinto, Baylor's nephew,
John Walker Baylor Jr., set out to visit his uncles R. E. B. Baylor and Walker Keith Baylor in
Mobile, Alabama. While at the home of relatives on furlough from the
Texian Army, J. W. Baylor Jr. died from wounds he received that had become infected. In 1838, he was a member of the
Alabama Senate, from the Jefferson County and
Walker County district. Walker Keith Baylor moved to Texas with his brother R. E. B. Baylor in 1839. He was the chairman of the educational committee in the senate. He was appointed by Governor
Benjamin Fitzpatrick to the Third Judicial Circuit Court to succeed Peter Martin of
Tuskaloosa in 1843. He was elected to the position by the legislature soon after in the following legislative session. Baylor was holding this office when his death occurred in 1845. ==Death==